n
A genus of Schizomycetes made up of rod-shaped, highly pleomorphic, gram-negative, nonspore-forming obligate anaerobic bacteria sometimes associated with periodontitis.
Bacteroides
| Dental Dictionary: Bacteroides |
(bak′təroi′dēz)
n
n
| 5min Related Video: Bacteroides |
| Medical Dictionary: Bac·te·roi·des |
(băk'tə-roi'dēz)
n.
n.
A genus of gram-negative, anaerobic, rod-shaped, non-sporeforming bacteria that occur in the respiratory, intestinal, and urogenital tracts of warm-blooded animals and include some pathogenic species.
| Veterinary Dictionary: Bacteroides |
A genus of the family Bacteroidaceae, a family of gram-negative, non-spore-forming, obligate anaerobes. Common inhabitants of the alimentary tract and necrotic tissue, probably as secondary invaders.
- B. amylophilus — see Ruminobacter amylophilus.
- B. asaccharolyticus — see Porphyromonas.
- B. fragilis — occasionally infects foals, pigs, lambs and calves, causing diarrhea, mastitis and abscesses.
- B. gingivalis — see Porphyromonas.
- B. heparinolyticus — see Prevotella.
- B. levii — see Porphyromonas levii.
- B. melaninogenicus — see Prevotella melaninogenica.
- B. nodosus — see dichelobacter nodosus.
- B. ruminicola — see Prevotella ruminicola.
- B. salivosus — see Porphyromonas salivosus.
- B. succinogenes — see Fibrobacter succinogenes.
- B. ureolyticus — gram-negative, microaerophilic bacterial species isolated from the genital tract of mares with endometritis.
| WordNet: Bacteroides |
Note: click on a word meaning below to see its connections and related words.
The noun has one meaning:
Meaning #1:
type genus of Bacteroidaceae; genus of gram-negative rodlike anaerobic bacteria producing no endospores and no pigment and living in the gut of man and animals
Synonym: genus Bacteroides
| Wikipedia: Bacteroides |
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 Bacteroides spp. anaerobically cultured in blood agar medium.
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B. acidifaciens |
Bacteroides is a genus of Gram-negative, bacillus bacteria. Bacteroides species are non-endospore-forming, anaerobes, and may be either motile or non-motile, depending on the species.[1] The DNA base composition is 40-48% GC. Unusual in bacterial organisms, Bacteroides membranes contain sphingolipids. They also contain meso-diaminopimelic acid in their peptidoglycan layer.
Bacteroides are normally mutualistic, making up the most substantial portion of the mammalian gastrointestinal flora,[2] where they play a fundamental role in processing of complex molecules to simpler ones in the host intestine.[3][4][5] As many as 1010-1011 cells per gram of human feces have been reported.[6] They can use simple sugars when available, but the main source of energy is polysaccharides from plant sources.
One of the most important clinically is Bacteroides fragilis.
"Bacteroides melaninogenicus" has recently been reclassified and split into Prevotella melaninogenica and Prevotella intermedia.[7]
Contents |
Pathogenesis
Bacteroides species also benefit their host by excluding potential pathogens from colonizing the gut. Some species (B. fragilis, for example) are opportunistic human pathogens, causing infections of the peritoneal cavity, gastrointestinal surgery, and appendicitis via abscess formation, inhibiting phagocytosis, and inactivating beta-lactam antibiotics.[8] Although Bacteroides species are anaerobic, they are aerotolerant and thus can survive in the abdominal cavity.
In general, Bacteroides are resistant to a wide variety of antibiotics — β-lactams, aminoglycosides, and recently many species have acquired resistance to erythromycin and tetracycline. This high level of antibiotic resistance has prompted concerns that Bacteroides species may become a reservoir for resistance in other, more highly-pathogenic bacterial strains.[9] [10]
References
- ^ Madigan M, Martinko J (editors). (2005). Brock Biology of Microorganisms (11th ed.). Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-144329-1.
- ^ Dorland WAN (editor) (2003). Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary (30th ed.). W.B. Saunders. ISBN 0-7216-0146-4.
- ^ Wexler, H. M. (Oct 2007). "Bacteroides: the good, the bad, and the nitty-gritty" (Free full text). Clinical microbiology reviews 20 (4): 593–621. doi:. ISSN 0893-8512. PMID 17934076. PMC: 2176045. http://cmr.asm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=17934076.
- ^ Xu, J.; Gordon, I. (Sep 2003). "Inaugural Article: Honor thy symbionts" (Free full text). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 100 (18): 10452–10459. doi:. ISSN 0027-8424. PMID 12923294. PMC: 193582. http://www.pnas.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=12923294.
- ^ Xu, J.; Mahowald, A.; Ley, E.; Lozupone, A.; Hamady, M.; Martens, C.; Henrissat, B.; Coutinho, M. et al. (Jul 2007). "Evolution of symbiotic bacteria in the distal human intestine" (Free full text). PLoS biology 5 (7): e156. doi:. ISSN 1544-9173. PMID 17579514. PMC: 1892571. http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0050156.
- ^ Finegold SM, Sutter VL, Mathisen GE (1983). Normal indigenous intestinal flora (pp. 3-31) in Human intestinal microflora in health and disease.. Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-341280-3.
- ^ "Bacteroides Infection: Overview - eMedicine". http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/233339-overview. Retrieved 2008-12-11.
- ^ Ryan KJ, Ray CG (editors) (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th ed.). McGraw Hill. ISBN 0-8385-8529-9.
- ^ Salyers AA, Gupta A, Wang Y (2004). "Human intestinal bacteria as reservoirs for antibiotic resistance genes". Trends Microbiol 12 (9): 412–6. doi:. PMID 15337162.
- ^ Löfmark, S.; Jernberg, C.; Jansson, K.; Edlund, C. (Dec 2006). "Clindamycin-induced enrichment and long-term persistence of resistant Bacteroides spp. And resistance genes" (Free full text). The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 58 (6): 1160–1167. doi:. ISSN 0305-7453. PMID 17046967. http://jac.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=17046967.
See also
External links
- Bacteroides references in Baron's Medical Microbiology (online at the NCBI bookshelf).
- Bacteroides in detail.
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 | Dental Dictionary. Mosby's Dental Dictionary. Copyright © 2004 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Medical Dictionary. The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Read more |
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| Veterinary Dictionary. Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary 3rd Edition. Copyright © 2007 by D.C. Blood, V.P. Studdert and C.C. Gay, Elsevier. All rights reserved. Read more |
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Mentioned in
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- Mastoiditis: Causes and symptoms
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- Anaerobic infection (medical bacteriology, mycology, parasitology)
