balloon

n.

1. 1. A flexible bag designed to be inflated with hot air or with a gas, such as helium, that is lighter than the surrounding air, causing it to rise and float in the atmosphere.
   2. Such a bag with sufficient capacity to lift and transport a suspended gondola or other load.
   3. Such a bag shaped like a figure or object when inflated; an inflatable.
2. A usually round or oblong inflatable rubber bag used as a toy.
3. Medicine. A sac that is inserted into a body cavity or tube and distended with air or gas for therapeutic purposes, such as angioplasty.
4. A rounded or irregularly shaped outline containing the words that a character in a cartoon is represented to be saying.

v., -looned, -loon·ing, -loons.

v.intr.

1. To ascend or ride in a balloon.
2. To expand or swell out like a balloon. See synonyms at bulge.
3. To increase or rise quickly.

v.tr.

To cause to expand by or as if by inflating.

adj.

Suggestive of a balloon, as in shape: balloon curtains.

[French ballon, from Italian dialectal ballone, augmentative of balla, ball, of Germanic origin.]

balloonist bal·loon'ist n.

Background

A balloon is an air-tight bag made out of a light material that can be inflated with air or gas. Toy balloons are available in all kinds of shapes, sizes, and colors to delight children and adults at birthday parties and other festive occasions.

Balloons were first invented in France in the late 18th century. Two papermakers, Jacques and Joseph Montgolfier, discovered that when paper bags are filled with hot air, the bags rise. Quick to realize the potential of this, they began experimenting with balloons of various materials such as paper, cloth, and silk. They made the first public demonstration of a lighter-than-air balloon in June 1783, with a 35-foot (11 m) diameter balloon made of cloth lined with paper. Later that year, Jacques Charles flew a balloon made of silk coated with a rubber varnish and filled with hydrogen, a gas that is lighter than air. These early demonstrations attracted a great deal of excitement, and balloons were soon put to many uses in science, sport, and war.

The rubber toy balloon as we know it today is different from the early balloons in that it is made entirely of rubber. A practical way of making such formed rubber products required several discoveries and inventions. These developments took place gradually over the years since the first rubber factory in the world was established near Paris in 1803.

Natural latex is a mixture of small globules of rubber substance suspended in water (much like milk). When it is exposed to air, heat, or certain chemicals, it coagulates or clots together. The globules of rubber lump together and separate from the watery portion of the latex, eventually forming an elastic, solid material. To improve its strength, resilience, and resistance to hot and cold temperatures, rubber is vulcanized or cured by various methods, such as mixing with certain chemicals or treating with heat.

The idea of making a product out of rubber is an old one. The natives of South America created bottles and other articles by coating molds made of earth long before Europeans began experimenting with rubber in the mid-1700s. In 1830, the Englishman Thomas Hancock patented a process for creating products by pouring latex over molds or dipping molds into a latex mixture—the forerunner of the modern technique of producing dipped products such as rubber gloves and condoms.

In 1921, a method of retarding the coagulation of liquid latex was developed. This method enabled rubber makers to transport raw latex in a liquid form more easily to manufacturing centers around the world. This in turn led to new processes for making rubber goods. In the early 1920s, a number of patents were granted in England for processes that allowed molds to be dipped in liquid latex. In 1931, the first modern latex balloon was created by Neil Tillotson in his attic. He sold 15 of his "Tilly Cat" balloons (shaped like a cat's head, complete with whiskers printed on with dye) for the Patriot's Day parade in Massachusetts in April 1931, and formed a company that still makes balloons today.

Raw Materials

Although rubber can be made synthetically, natural latex is preferred for its great elasticity. It can be stretched to seven or eight times its original length and still return to its former shape. Synthetic rubber has not proven to be as elastic and resilient as natural latex.

Raw, natural latex is a white or yellowish opaque liquid, similar in appearance to milk. Latex is the secretion of certain plants, in particular the Hevea tree originally found in Brazil. The most important sources of natural rubber today are plantations in Malaysia and Africa.

Producers of rubber must harvest the raw material from these trees, which involves scoring the trees with shallow cuts and letting the sap ooze from the cuts into buckets. The latex is collected in large containers, filtered to remove foreign particles, and mixed with alkali to prevent coagulation. It is then shipped in liquid form to processing centers in different parts of the world.

Latex must be mixed with additives before it can be used in industrial processes. Certain chemicals are mixed in to achieve a desired thickness, rate of drying, and other properties. Other chemicals (collectively known as antidegradants) are added to slow the oxidation and decomposition of the rubber. To give it color, pigments are mixed into the latex. The pigments may be fine metal oxide powders or organic dyes.

The Manufacturing
Process

In essence, the process of making a toy balloon involves dipping a mold into liquid latex. The mold, or form, is shaped like a deflated balloon.

The earliest balloon forms were disposable, made from cardboard attached to dowels. Modern forms are reusable and usually made from stainless steel, aluminum, or porcelain. The forms must be smooth and polished. A number of such forms are attached upside down to a board or rack. The boards are moved mechanically from one station to another in the factory.

To be efficient in terms of cost and number of balloons produced, balloon manufacture has become a highly automated, continuous loop process. Balloons are made in batches, all of the same color and size, since changing the color and form is time-consuming and requires manual intervention. Manual intervention is usually only needed for setting up a run and then later for packaging the finished product, and for dealing with occasional mechanical problems that may arise.

Preparing the latex

• Prior to its use, the latex may need to be colored. This involves mixing a pigment into the latex. It may be done at the balloon factory, or the balloon maker may purchase already-pigmented latex from a supplier.
• The latex must be poured into tanks into which the forms will be dipped. The tanks are kept at a certain temperature and may include stirring mechanisms to keep the latex circulating to avoid settling.

Dipping the forms

• The balloon forms are first heated, then immersed in a tank of coagulant solution for a few seconds. When the forms are immersed in the liquid latex, the coagulant will cause the rubber to gel in a thin sheet around the forms. A commonly used coagulant solution is a mixture of water, a calcium-based salt, soap, and talc powder. The salt is the actual coagulant; the soap helps the latex spread in an even film, and the talc helps ease the removal of the rubber from the forms in a later step.
• The forms are heated to a temperature between 100°F (38°C) and 200°F (93°C), and then immersed in a tank of colored latex. The coagulant causes the latex to coat the forms. The longer the forms are left in the tank, the thicker the coating that sticks to them. For balloons, a very thin layer of latex is desired, so the forms are immersed only for a few seconds. The forms must be inserted and removed at carefully controlled speeds to avoid trapping air bubbles and to achieve an even, thin coating.

Making the ring

• A lip is formed on the neck of the balloon by rolling the edges of the rubber using brushes or rollers. This creates the ring seen around the opening of the balloon.

Removing excess coagulant

• Next, the forms are immersed in a tank of leaching solution (often plain water) to dissolve and leach away excess coagulant from the rubber.

Curing the rubber

• The rubber on the forms must be dried and cured. The method used varies among manufacturers. Some balloon makers use a latex that already contains a vulcanizing agent, in which case the rubber is dried at a moderate temperature. Other makers induce vulcanization by putting the rubber-coated forms into an oven and curing for as long as an hour.

Removing the balloons

• The balloons are then mechanically removed from their forms. One approach is to blow them off using a spray of water or air and collecting the balloons in a basket or net.
• If the balloons are removed using a spray of water, they are next placed in a centrifuge, where excess water is removed by spinning the balloons around at high speed.
• The balloons are then dried in large tumble dryers.

Printing and packaging

• Next, the balloons may either be packaged, or first printed and then packaged. If they are packaged directly, they are moved on a conveyor belt past a counting device and placed into bags. When an appropriate number of balloons has been placed in each bag, the bags are sealed.
• Printing designs on balloons, such as logos or faces, actually involves several steps. First, the balloons must be inflated in order to allow even printing. This requires a worker to manually place each balloon on the inflating device. Next, a pattern is carefully printed on each balloon. Finally, the balloons are removed and passed on to the packaging stage.

Quality Control

The balloon manufacturing environment must be strictly controlled in order to achieve high quality and consistency. Throughout the manufacturing process, computer-based instrumentation records and controls air humidity, air temperature, latex tank temperature, the temperature in the ovens, dryers, and other parameters.

The latex and other chemicals used in the process must be carefully formulated for specific properties, and carefully maintained. For example, the latex must have certain viscosity and speed of drying. The tanks in which it is held must have devices to keep the latex circulating to avoid forming a "skin," and to prevent ingredients from settling.

Byproducts/Waste

It is in the manufacturers' best interests to waste as little rubber as possible because the cost of latex is high compared to the selling price of individual balloons. Balloon makers also reclaim much of the coagulant that ends up in the leaching solution. Unfortunately, what is not reclaimed ends up as liquid waste in the environment. The amount of chemical waste that can be released by a factory is regulated by government laws. Balloons also result in some waste after they are manufactured because they are invariably thrown away after they deflate or pop. However, because latex is natural, it eventually breaks down into other substances.

Safety Concerns

Toy balloons can be a source of joy, but they can also be unexpectedly hazardous. Young children have been known to die from accidentally choking on balloons. Latex balloons may also end up in water, where they eventually lose their color and can resemble jellyfish. Sea animals such as whales and turtles have attempted to eat them and have died because the latex clogs their digestive systems.

The Future

The toy balloon industry is very competitive. Manufacturers are constantly looking for ways to make the process more automatic and efficient, especially by reducing manual intervention. Currently the most labor-intensive portions are the printing and packaging steps. Increasing automation in these steps is an area for potential future improvement.

In recent years balloons made of metal films have become popular. The manufacturing process of these balloons is very different. They are made from a sandwich of two swatches of mylar—a polyester film—often circular in shape, which are sealed together around the edges. A small opening is left through which the balloon may be inflated. Because the material is initially flat, these balloons can be printed more easily than balloons made of rubber. The foil can be made very shiny and reflective, allowing for very bright designs. They are stronger and more durable than rubber balloons, but for some uses, this is also a disadvantage. For example, they cannot be twisted into various shapes nor can they be filled with water. The foil also takes much longer to degrade in the environment than rubber.

Where To Learn More

Books

Barlow, Fred W. Rubber Compounding: Principles, Materials, and Techniques. Marcel Dekker, Inc. 1988.

Coates, Austin. The Commerce in Rubber: The First 250 Years. Oxford University Press, 1987.

Hofmann, Werner. Rubber Technology Handbook. Oxford University Press, 1989.

[Article by: Renee M. Rottner]

A nonporous envelope of thin material filled with a lifting gas and capable of lifting any surrounding material and usually a suspended payload into the atmosphere. A balloon which is supported chiefly by buoyancy imparted by the surrounding air is often referred to as an aerostat. The balloon rises because of a differential displacement of air according to Archimedes' principle, which states that the total upward buoyant force is equal to the weight of the air displaced. The upper practical limit for useful ballooning is approximately 34 mi (55 km). Beyond this altitude, the exponential nature of the atmosphere would require balloons of enormous size and delicately thin skin. A record altitude of 32.2 mi (51.8 km) has been recorded.

Balloons have been configured in many geometrical shapes, but the most common are spheres, oblate spheroids, and aerodynamic configurations. The materials used in the manufacture of the balloon envelope have been paper, rubber, fabric, and various plastics. Several types of lifting gases have been used to inflate balloons, but the most common in use are helium, hydrogen, and heated air.

The many types of balloons in use fall into twin main categories: extensible (expandable) and nonextensible. There are three methods of balloon operation: free balloons which are released into the atmosphere, tethered or moored balloons, and powered or controlled free balloons. The various types of balloons in use are the hot-air balloon, meteorological balloon, zero-pressure balloon, superpressure balloon, tethered balloon, and powered balloon (airship). See also Airship.

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verb

To curve outward past the normal or usual limit: bag, beetle, belly, bulge, jut, overhang, pouch, project, protrude, protuberate, stand out, stick out. See convex/concave.

Idioms beginning with balloon:
balloon goes up, the

In addition to the idiom beginning with balloon, also see go over (like a lead balloon); trial balloon.

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v

Definition: increase rapidly
Antonyms: plummet

v

Definition: swell
Antonyms: flop, sag

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The advent and use of balloons spans the history of the United States and has made substantial contributions to science, military technology, and entertainment.

The notion of ballooning gained acceptance in the seventeenth century, but it was not until the late eighteenth century that the first designs were successfully tested. In France in 1783 the Robert brothers built the first hydrogen balloon, designed by Jacques Charles. Later in the year, the Montgolfier brothers demonstrated their own designs, one of which lifted two noblemen, Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier and François d'Arlandes, on the first human flight.

News of such experiments reached the United States, and several projects were tested in Philadelphia. One of these projects, that of Peter Carnes, was a tethered balloon that successfully lifted thirteen-year-old Edward Warren in Baltimore on 24 June 1784. The experiment also suggests that Carnes had successfully solved most of the problems associated with early ballooning without access to information about the French designs. But it was not until January 1793 that an American untethered manned balloon flight took place, when the Frenchman Jean-Pierre Blanchard traveled from Philadelphia to Gloucester County, New Jersey.

During the Civil War both the Union and the Confederacy made use of ballooning for observation purposes. In the North, Thaddeus Lowe distinguished himself through his enthusiasm and his capacity for convincing authority figures, including President Lincoln, who authorized him to organize what Lowe would later call "the Aeronautic Corp." Lowe had seven balloons built (an-other three may have been added to the inventory later on) and enlisted the help of several fellow balloonists. His team provided valuable intelligence. Both the army and navy would make use of ballooning units until World War II.

Ballooning also found an application in the realm of science. In the late nineteenth century, atmospheric measurements were undertaken to further meteorological knowledge, and the practice was carried on through the use of unmanned sounding balloons.

In the twentieth century new balloon models set altitude records. Travel into the stratosphere was first achieved in 1931 by the Swiss scientist Auguste Piccard aboard a Belgian-funded balloon, and U.S. balloonists soon followed suit at the "Century of Progress" exhibit in Chicago in 1933. Two years later two army aeronauts aboard Explorer II, a helium-filled balloon, set an altitude record by reaching 72,395 feet and sent radio broadcasts from their pressurized gondola. In 1962 high altitude ballooning enabled the highest parachute jump ever, from 113,739.9 feet. NASA was also involved in the use of high-altitude balloons. In 1966, for example, it worked with the Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories to launch a mylar crib balloon to an altitude of 139,800 feet before deflating it to test a parachute recovery for a possible landing on Mars.

By far the biggest application for balloons today is the recreational use of hot-air balloons. In the early twentieth century, aerial races such as the Gordon Bennett Cup captivated the general public, but the sport remained an expensive and dangerous undertaking. Tests of various plastics after World War II yielded promising results (partly because they are cheaper to produce and can be sealed easily), and in 1955 Ed Yost built a thirty-nine-foot-diameter polyethylene balloon in his backyard and added a multiple-burner propane heater to inflate it. In 1960 he completed the first successful modern hot-air balloon flight, ascending to 9,300 feet before landing three hours and fifteen minutes later. His design included a "rip panel" that allows quick deflation for rapid descent, first imagined in 1859 by John Wise. In the early 1950s Don Piccard, Robert McNair, and Peter Wood formed the Balloon Club of America, which became part of the new Balloon Federation of America in 1961. The largest balloon gathering is the annual World Hot Air Balloon Championship.

Though much more expensive, some helium balloons have been used for long-range flights. Several such flights have set new records and received wide publicity. Among them were the first Atlantic crossing, in 1978 aboard Double Eagle II; the first Pacific crossing, in 1981 aboard Double Eagle V; Joe Kittinger's solo transatlantic flight in 1984; and Steve Fossett's round-the-world flight in 2002.

Bibliography

Baldwin, Munson. With Brass and Gas: An Illustrated and Embellished Chronicle of Ballooning in Mid-Nineteenth-Century America. Boston: Beacon, 1967.

Crouch, Tom D. The Eagle Aloft: Two Centuries of the Balloon in America. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1983.

Devorkin, David H. Race to the Stratosphere: Manned Scientific Ballooning in America. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1989.

Jackson, Donald Dale. The Aeronauts. Alexandria, Va.: Time Life, 1980.

—Guillaume de Syon

"Get in a supply of taffeta and of cordage, quickly, and you will see one of the most astonishing sights in the world" (Gillispie, 1983, p, 17). These were the words of Joseph Montgolfier (1740–1810) to his brother Étienne (1745–1799) in 1782, and he was right: the hot-air balloon would soon astonish the world. It rose in public for the first time on 4 June 1783 in Annonay, a small town in southeastern France, and again before the royal family at Versailles on 19 September. Considerably larger than the original at 17.4 meters in height and 12.5 meters in diameter, this second model, equipped with a basket containing a sheep, a rooster, and a duck, reached an altitude of 470 meters and traveled about 3,300 meters. Astronomers armed with quadrants measured the flight, and veterinarians determined that the animals had not suffered ill effects during their ten-minute journey. On 21 November, with a huge crowd present, two "aeronauts" ushered in the era of manned flight. Contemporaries believed that men had acquired a new, visible mastery of the material world and thereby shortened the distance between themselves and the gods.

Joseph Montgolfier hailed from a substantial family of paper manufacturers, and hence it is not surprising that the Annonay balloon was a large bag of sackcloth lined with thin layers of paper. Whereas his brother Étienne was carefully educated in mechanics and mathematics, a sort of industrial architect "steeped in the science" of his craft, Joseph was a largely self-tutored visionary. Still, theirs was a technologically deft and ambitious family, who considered the "vast majority" of their fellow papermakers as "simple workmen" hamstrung by "blind routine." The Montgolfiers, however, experimented restlessly with their art and believed that they would find new technologies to improve their industry; the balloon did not arise from technological innocence. Moreover, the novel science of the day was also within the Montgolfiers' grasp: Joseph was aware that Henry Cavendish had isolated inflammable air (hydrogen) in 1766 and that Joseph Priestley had detected dephlogisticated air (oxygen) eight years later.

Invisible forces, including Isaac Newton's gravity and Benjamin Franklin's electricity, were in the air during the twilight of the Old Regime. But the Montgolfiers soon turned away from relatively expensive hydrogen to boost their device. Instead, their attention focused on heating the air until it was sufficiently rarefied to propel the balloon. (Joseph evidently believed that this process was accompanied by a chemical transformation, rather than simply by the expansive power of heat, which yielded a distinctively light, hence propulsive, gas.) Meanwhile, J.-A.-C. Charles, a popular lecturer in experimental physics, released a hydrogen balloon on the Champ de Mars in Paris on 27 August 1783. Mistakenly assuming that the Montgolfiers had also relied on hydrogen, Charles thought that he was merely replicating the brothers' feat. But rather than a rarefied royal entourage, Charles's device was subsidized by a subscription and its ascent witnessed by a throng of perhaps fifty thousand spectators. The balloon craze had taken off.

"One hundred thousand souls, at least," supposedly wept, cheered, and fainted as a balloon levitated over Nantes in the summer of 1784. Already in December 1783, the chancellor of the Academy of Dijon warned his colleagues that "the public would be astonished that in a town which flourishes in the sciences and the arts, no one has attempted to repeat the wonderful experiments of the Montgolfiers" (Gillespie, p. 259). Emboldened by a provincial zeal to emulate the capital's achievements, the Dijon society sought funds for the construction of a balloon; on 25 April 1784, the chancellor and a companion floated triumphantly to an altitude of 3,200 meters over the city. A wave of barnstorming ensued, as men like J.-F. Blanchard, who raised the funds for his Parisian ascent through newspaper solicitations, capitalized on the craze. Blanchard, in fact, replicated his feat in Rouen, in England, and in North America. Even ballooning's first two casualties, the victims of an attempt to cross the English Channel in 1785, took only some of the air out of the mania. And countless prints turned these men into martyrs, among technology's first, while those aeronauts who returned home were paraded through town like conquering heroes.

They were conquerors. In the frenzy for lightning rods and balloon flight, awe was linked to mastery and uncoupled from fear. Whereas portents and prodigies once signaled the Lord's ungovernable wrath, lightning rods, balloons, and the recent effective harnessing of water vapor as a source of motive power were expressions of growing human dominion over the earth and its forces, and of the power of untrammeled reason. This maturing capacity was celebrated in verse inspired by balloon flight. Meanwhile, the great mathematician Leonhard Euler's last calculation explored the "laws of vertical motion of a globe rising in calm air in consequence of the upward force owing to its lightness" (Gillespie, 1983, p. 32): the earliest recorded mathematical rendering of the flight of aircraft.

Étienne Montgolfier's dream of a commercial fleet of balloons did not materialize during his lifetime. English entrepreneurs largely ignored the device, leaving the field to adventurers and popular entertainment; nor was English science deeply concerned with ballooning. But the Paris Academy of Sciences, the central scientific institution in France, avidly considered principles and practices of aeronautical engineering, pursued effective and inexpensive gas fuels, and considered military applications. For these reasons, and even more the technological awe and optimism it helped to ignite, the Montgolfiers' hot-air balloon deserves to be considered among the macroinventions of the first industrial revolution, alongside the steam engine, the Jacquard loom, and gas lighting.

Bibliography

Darnton, Robert. Mesmerism and the End of the Enlightenment in France. New York, 1968. Excellent discussion of popular science.

Daston, Lorraine, and Katharine Park. Wonders and the Order of Nature, 1150–1750. New York, 1998. Encyclopedic account of marvels and their meaning in European history.

Gillespie, Richard. "Ballooning in France and Britain, 1783–1786: Aerostation and Adventurism." Isis 75 (1984): 249–268. Clear account of the balloon craze and different national responses to the invention.

Gillispie, Charles. The Montgolfier Brothers and the Invention of Aviation, 1783–1784. Princeton, 1983. Authoritative account of the invention and diffusion of the balloon.

——. Science and Polity in France at the End of the Old Regime. Princeton, 1980. Exhaustive account of French science and technology during the second half of the eighteenth century.

Mokyr, Joel. The Lever of Riches: Technological Creativity and Economic Progress. New York, 1990. Combines valuable narrative with daring analysis.

Rosenband, Leonard. Papermaking in Eighteenth-Century France: Management, Labor, and Revolution at the Montgolfier Mill, 1761–1805. Baltimore, 2000. Concise yet evocative account of the Montgolfiers' practice of an earthbound industry.

—LEONARD N. ROSENBAND

IN BRIEF: Large tough non-rigid bag filled with gas or heated air. Also: Small thin inflatable rubber bag with narrow neck.

The balloon floated up to the ceiling when the knot was untied.

Balloons are often used to celebrate someone or something. In dreams they sometimes also represent the freeing and releasing of feelings or creative ideas, while the strings keep them from flying away. A deflated balloon may indicate disappointment.

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Dansk (Danish)
n. - ballon
v. intr. - rejse i ballon, være på ballonfærd
v. tr. - puste op, få til at svulme op
adj. - ballonagtig, oppustet

idioms:

• hot-air balloon    varmluftsballon
• the balloon goes up    ballonen går op

Nederlands (Dutch)
(lucht)ballon, opzwellen, bolvormig (cognac)glas, tekstballon, ballonvaren, zeer snel groeien (b.v. bedrijf), zweven als een ballon, uitbuigen

Français (French)
n. - (Aviat) ballon, aérostat, ballon, verre ballon, (Chim) ballon, bulle (bande dessinée)
v. intr. - gonfler, être ballonné, faire une ascension en ballon
v. tr. - enfler, faire enfler
adj. - enflé, gonflé, ballonné

idioms:

• balloon angioplasty    angioplastie par ballon-sonde
• balloon catheter    sondage par cathéter
• balloon therapy    thérapie par ballon-sonde
• before the balloon goes up    avant que l'affaire n'éclate
• hot-air balloon    montgolfière
• when the balloon goes up    lorsque l'affaire a éclaté

Deutsch (German)
n. - Ballon, Sprechblase
v. - schwellen, sich blähen, eine Ballonfahrt machen
adj. - ballonförmig, Puff(ärmel)

idioms:

• balloon angioplasty    Methode ein Gefäß zu öffnen, indem man ein kleiner Ballon ins Gefäß mit Hilfe , eines Katheters reintun
• balloon catheter    Ballonkatheter
• balloon therapy    Ballontherapie
• before the balloon goes up    bevor die Sache steigt
• hot-air balloon    Heißluftballon
• when the balloon goes up    wenn die Probleme erscheinen

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - μπαλόνι, φούσκα, αερόστατο, (σε σκίτσα) πλαίσιο φράσεων ή σκέψεων εικονιζόμενου προσώπου
v. - φουσκώνω, διογκώνω/-ομαι, πετώ με αερόστατο, προσλαμβάνω (υπερβολικές) διαστάσεις

idioms:

• balloon therapy    (ιατρ.) θεραπεία με μπαλονάκι

Italiano (Italian)
gonfiarsi, viaggiare in pallone, palloncino, pallone aerostatico

idioms:

• pilot balloon    pallone sonda
• the balloon goes up    la verità monta a galla

Português (Portuguese)
n. - balão (m), balão (m) de ensaio (Quím.), bola (f) de gás
v. - navegar em balão, subir, expandir-se, disparar

idioms:

• hot-air balloon    balão (m) de ar quente
• pilot balloon    balão-piloto (m)
• sounding balloon    balão-sonda (m)
• the balloon goes up    começa o barulho

Русский (Russian)
надуть, увеличить, раздуть, воздушный шар, воздушный шарик

idioms:

• hot-air balloon    шарик, нагреваемый горячим воздухом, воздушный шар
• pilot balloon    шар-пилот
• sounding balloon    шар-зонд
• the balloon goes up    начинается (сражение)

Español (Spanish)
n. - globo, globo aerostático, bocadillo, balón
v. intr. - hincharse, inflarse
v. tr. - montar en globo, hinchar, inflar
adj. - hinchado, inflado

idioms:

• balloon angioplasty    angioplastia de balón
• balloon catheter    cateter de balón
• balloon therapy    terapia de balones
• before the balloon goes up    antes de que empiece algo
• hot-air balloon    globo aerostático
• when the balloon goes up    cuando comienza algo

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - ballong, pratbubbla
v. - stiga upp, blåsa upp, svälla, göra en ballongfärd

中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
气球, 飞船, 像气球般鼓起, 乘气球飞行, 乘气球上升, 激增, 使像气球般鼓起, 使激增, 气球状的, 像气球般鼓起的

idioms:

• balloon therapy    气球血管修复术
• hot-air balloon    热气球
• the balloon goes up    行动开始时, 发生大吵大闹时, 出乱子时

中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 氣球, 飛船
v. intr. - 像氣球般鼓起, 乘氣球飛行, 乘氣球上升, 激增
v. tr. - 使像氣球般鼓起, 使激增
adj. - 氣球狀的, 像氣球般鼓起的

idioms:

• balloon therapy    氣球血管修復術
• hot-air balloon    熱氣球
• the balloon goes up    行動開始時, 發生大吵大鬧時, 出亂子時

한국어 (Korean)
n. - 기구, 풍선
v. intr. - 기구를 타다, 부풀다
v. tr. - ~에 공기를 가득 채우다
adj. - 기구의, 풍선의

idioms:

• the balloon goes up    큰일나다

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - 気球, 風船, 吹き出し
v. - ふくらむ, 気球で上昇する, ふくれる

idioms:

• hot-air balloon    熱気球
• the balloon goes up    危機が訪れる

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) بالون, منطاد, بالون الاطفال (فعل) مارس, رياضه ركوب المناطيد, انتفخ‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮כדור פורח, בלון‬
v. intr. - ‮התנפח‬
v. tr. - ‮ניפח‬
adj. - ‮דמוי בלון‬

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balloon	dolphin balloon
Balloon Curtains	Balloon Wall Hangings