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Baptist successionism is one of several theories on the origin and continuation of the Baptist churches - also known as "Baptist perpetuity".
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Definition and history
Baptist successionism is the theory that there exists an unbroken chain of churches that have held the beliefs (though not always the name) of the current Baptist churches since the time of Christ. This theory, once commonly held among Baptists, is now mostly identified with Landmarkism, though not exclusively. Some Southern Baptists, Primitive Baptists, Regular Baptists and United Baptists hold a similar view. It may have been originally developed as a reactionary doctrine to the Catholic Church's apostolic succession.
This theory is built more on a theological and scriptural foundation rather than a historical one. Historical documentation needed to support this theory, however, is completely absent. It also rejects falsifiability because it only requires the existence of at least one single congregation (could be as small as two or three people - according to Christ's promise to be with His church where even two or three were gathered together (Matthew 18:20) during any particular point in history to be true.
Ancient anti-paedobaptist groups, such as the Waldenses, Albigenses, Cathari, and later the Paulicians and Anabaptists, are often claimed to be within this chain of tradition. However, some of those mentioned groups that have continued existence up today, such as the Mennonites, Waldenses, and Paulicians, deny any link with the modern Baptist churches and the Albigenses and Cathari (in reality the same group) had Gnostic and anarchistic views which contrast very sharply with Baptist ones.
John T. Christian's History of the Baptists is general Baptist history written from a successionist perspective. Christian also wrote two other books (Did They Dip? and Baptist History Vindicated) which deal with the narrower question of baptism of immersion among the 16th and 17th century Anabaptists. J. M. Carroll's The Trail of Blood is a widely distributed popular pamphlet promoting belief in "Baptist successionism".
External links
- A Critique of the English Separatist Descent Theory in Baptist Historiography
- A History of the Baptists
- A Vindication of the Continued Succession of the Primitive Church of Jesus Christ
References
Pro
- Bryan, Philip, A Critique of the English Separatist Descent Theory in Baptist Historiography. Unpublished M.A. dissertation, Baylor University, 1966
- Christian, John Taylor, A History of the Baptists. 2 vols. Nashville: Broadman Press, 1922
- Christian, Did They Dip? An Examination into the Act of Baptism as Practiced by the English and American Baptists Before the Year 1641, Louisville: Baptist Book Concern, 1896
- Christian, Baptist History Vindicated, Louisville: Baptist Book Concern 1899
- Ford, S. H., The Origin of the Baptists, Traced Back by Milestones on the Track of Time. rev. ed. Memphis: Baptist Book House, 1876
- Jarrel, W. A., Baptist Church Perpetuity. Dallas: W. A. Jarrel, 1894
- Ray, D. B., Baptist Successionism. Rosemead, Ca.: The King's Press, 1949
Con
- McGoldrick, James Edward, Baptist Successionism: A Crucial Question in Baptist History. Metuchen, NJ: The American Theological Library Association and The Scarecrow Press, Inc. 1994
- Patterson, William Morgan, Baptist Successionism: A Critical View. Valley Forge, Pa.: The Judson Press, 1969
- Tull, James E., A Study of Southern Baptist Landmarkism in the Light of Historical Baptist Ecclesiology. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Columbia University, 1960
- Tull, James E., A History of Southern Baptist Landmarkism. New York: Arno Press, 1980
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