basal

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adjective

1. Of or treating the most basic aspects: basic, beginning, elementary, rudimental, rudimentary. See simple/complex, start/end.
2. Arising from or going to the root or source: basic, foundational, fundamental, original, primary, radical, underlying. See surface/depth.

IN BRIEF: adj. - Especially of leaves adj. - Of primary importance; Serving as or forming a base.

Tutor's tip: You will find "basil" (an herb) included in any "basal" (fundamental) discussion of herb lore.

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1. at, of, or being a base (def. 4).
2. at, of, or being the minimum level for maintaining the normal or essential functioning of an organism.

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Next:	basal body, basal granule, basal lamina

Pertaining to or situated near a base; in physiology, pertaining to the lowest possible level.

• b. body — the structure that acts as a template for the characteristic 9 + 2 arrangement of the microtubules of eukaryotic cilia and flagella.
• b. cell tumors — neoplasms of the multipotential cells within the stratum germinativum of the skin. They are common in dogs and cats, are locally expansive and do not metastasize.
• b. energy requirements (BER) — see energy requirements.
• b. ganglia — a collection of masses of gray matter at the base of the cerebral hemispheres, subthalamus and midbrain which are responsible for much of the organization of the activity of somatic muscles. The individual nuclei are the caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, endopeduncular nucleus, subthalamic nucleus and the substantia nigra. Other nuclei which have a similar function but are usually not included in the group are the amygdaloid nuclei and the red nucleus.
• b. layer — see stratum basale.
• b. membrane — the deepest layer of the epidermis in the avian skin. Called also dermoepidermal junction.
• b. metabolic rate — see metabolic rate.
• b. metabolism — the minimal energy expended for the maintenance of respiration, circulation, peristalsis, muscle tonus, body temperature, glandular activity and the other vegetative functions of the body. See also metabolic rate.
• b. metabolism test — a method of measuring the body's expenditure of energy by recording its rate of oxygen intake and consumption. Once a major test of thyroid gland function, it is being replaced by diagnostic tests requiring less extensive preparation and capable of producing more accurate test results, e.g. the determination of the levels of thyroid hormones in the blood and the radioiodine uptake test.
• b. nuclei — see basal ganglion.
• b. plate — the ventral plate of the developing neural tube of the embryo; associated with motor output from the CNS.
• b. tone — degree of contractile tension remaining in blood vessels after complete elimination of all external excitatory influences.

adj

1. describing the minimal functions necessary for life. adj 2. located at or forming the base of a structure. n 3. the fundamental structures from which an organism is derived.

For a list of words related to basal, see:

• Physiology - basal: (adj) at resting level
• Curricula, Studies, Learning, and Tests - basal: (adj) fundamental, esp. of a reading book

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Dansk (Danish)
adj. - basal, tilgrundliggende

Nederlands (Dutch)
basis-, fundamenteel

Français (French)
adj. - (lit, fig) fondamental, (Physiol) basal

Deutsch (German)
adj. - Grund-, grundlegend

Ελληνική (Greek)
adj. - βασικός, θεμελιώδης

Italiano (Italian)
basilare

Português (Portuguese)
adj. - básico, basal

Русский (Russian)
основной, основополагающий

Español (Spanish)
adj. - básico, fundamental

Svenska (Swedish)
adj. - grundläggande, bas-

中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
基础的, 基本的

中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
adj. - 基礎的, 基本的

한국어 (Korean)
adj. - 기초의, 기저의

日本語 (Japanese)
adj. - 基礎的な, 根元から出ている

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(صفه) اساسي, قاعدي‏

עברית (Hebrew)
adj. - ‮יסודי, בסיסי‬

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