Basic fibroblast growth factor

Fibroblast growth factor 2 (basic)
PDB rendering based on 1bas.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1BAS, 1BFB, 1BFC, 1BFF, 1BFG, 1BLA, 1BLD, 1CVS, 1EV2, 1FGA, 1FQ9, 1II4, 1IIL, 2BFH, 2FGF, 4FGF
Identifiers
Symbols	FGF2; BFGF; FGFB; HBGF-2
External IDs	OMIM: 134920 MGI: 95516 HomoloGene: 1521 GeneCards: FGF2 Gene
Gene Ontology Molecular function • protein tyrosine kinase activity • fibroblast growth factor receptor binding • cytokine activity • voltage-gated calcium channel activity • protein binding • growth factor activity • heparin binding • fibroblast growth factor binding • ligand-dependent nuclear receptor transcription coactivator activity • chemoattractant activity Cellular component • extracellular region • extracellular space • nucleus • cytoplasm Biological process • activation of MAPKK activity • activation of MAPK activity • MAPK import into nucleus • branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis • organ induction • positive regulation of protein phosphorylation • positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation • cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis • cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis • phosphatidylinositol biosynthetic process • C21-steroid hormone biosynthetic process • apoptotic process • chemotaxis • signal transduction • intracellular protein kinase cascade • Ras protein signal transduction • synaptic transmission • nervous system development • positive regulation of cell proliferation • negative regulation of cell proliferation • insulin receptor signaling pathway • fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway • fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway • fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway • fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway • organ morphogenesis • glial cell differentiation • positive regulation of phospholipase C activity • regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis • substantia nigra development • positive regulation of cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation • negative regulation of cell growth • lung development • inositol phosphate biosynthetic process • wound healing • positive regulation of cell fate specification • positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration • negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration • positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity • positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation • regulation of angiogenesis • positive regulation of angiogenesis • negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent • positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • regulation of retinal cell programmed cell death • embryonic morphogenesis • response to axon injury • stem cell development • positive chemotaxis • release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol • regulation of cell cycle • positive regulation of cell division • positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell proliferation • corticotropin hormone secreting cell differentiation • thyroid-stimulating hormone-secreting cell differentiation • negative regulation of cell death • chondroblast differentiation • mammary gland epithelial cell differentiation • positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	2247	14173
Ensembl	ENSG00000138685	ENSMUSG00000037225
UniProt	P09038	P15655
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_002006.4	NM_008006.2
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001997.5	NP_032032.1
Location (UCSC)	Chr 4: 123.75 – 123.82 Mb	Chr 3: 37.21 – 37.3 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]
This box: view talk edit

Basic fibroblast growth factor, also known as bFGF, FGF2 or FGF-β,^[1] is a member of the fibroblast growth factor family.^[2]

Function

In normal tissue, basic fibroblast growth factor is present in basement membranes and in the subendothelial extracellular matrix of blood vessels. It stays membrane-bound as long as there is no signal peptide.

It has been hypothesized that, during both wound healing of normal tissues and tumor development, the action of heparan sulfate-degrading enzymes activates bFGF, thus mediating the formation of new blood vessels, a process known as angiogenesis.

In addition, it is synthesized and secreted by human adipocytes and the concentration of bFGF correlates with the BMI in blood samples. In this study, bFGF was also shown to act on preosteoblasts - in the form of an increased proliferation - after binding to fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 and activating phosphoinositide 3-kinase.^[3]

bFGF has been shown in preliminary animal studies to protect the heart from injury associated with a heart attack, reducing tissue death and promoting improved function after reperfusion.^[4]

Recent evidence has shown that low levels of FGF2 play a key role in the incidence of excessive anxiety. [3]

Additionally, bFGF is a critical component of human embryonic stem cell culture medium; the growth factor is necessary for the cells to remain in an undifferentiated state, although the mechanisms by which it does this are poorly defined. It has been demonstrated to induce gremlin expression which in turn is known to inhibit the induction of differentiation by bone morphogenetic proteins.^[5] It is necessary in mouse-feeder cell dependent culture systems, as well as in feeder and serum-free culture systems.^[6]

Interactions

Basic fibroblast growth factor has been shown to interact with casein kinase 2, alpha 1,^[7] RPL6^[8] and ribosomal protein S19.^[9]

See also

• Angiogenesis
• Anxiety disorders
• Cytokine
• Fibroblast growth factor
• Growth factor
• Proteases in angiogenesis
• Receptor (biochemistry)
• Signal transduction

References

Further reading

v t e PDB gallery 1bas: THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES OF ACIDIC AND BASIC FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTORS   1bfb: BASIC FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR COMPLEXED WITH HEPARIN TETRAMER FRAGMENT   1bfc: BASIC FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR COMPLEXED WITH HEPARIN HEXAMER FRAGMENT   1bff: THE 154 AMINO ACID FORM OF HUMAN BASIC FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR   1bfg: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF BASIC FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR AT 1.6 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION   1bla: BASIC FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR (FGF-2) MUTANT WITH CYS 78 REPLACED BY SER AND CYS 96 REPLACED BY SER, NMR   1bld: BASIC FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR (FGF-2) MUTANT WITH CYS 78 REPLACED BY SER AND CYS 96 REPLACED BY SER, NMR   1cvs: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF A DIMERIC FGF2-FGFR1 COMPLEX   1ev2: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF FGF2 IN COMPLEX WITH THE EXTRACELLULAR LIGAND BINDING DOMAIN OF FGF RECEPTOR 2 (FGFR2)   1fga: REFINEMENT OF THE STRUCTURE OF HUMAN BASIC FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR AT 1.6 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION AND ANALYSIS OF PRESUMED HEPARIN BINDING SITES BY SELENATE SUBSTITUTION   1fq9: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF A TERNARY FGF2-FGFR1-HEPARIN COMPLEX   1ii4: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF SER252TRP APERT MUTANT FGF RECEPTOR 2 (FGFR2) IN COMPLEX WITH FGF2   1iil: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF PRO253ARG APERT MUTANT FGF RECEPTOR 2 (FGFR2) IN COMPLEX WITH FGF2   2bfh: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF BASIC FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR AT 1.6 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION   2fgf: THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN BASIC FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR, A STRUCTURAL HOMOLOG OF INTERLEUKIN 1BETA   4fgf: REFINEMENT OF THE STRUCTURE OF HUMAN BASIC FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR AT 1.6 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION AND ANALYSIS OF PRESUMED HEPARIN BINDING SITES BY SELENATE SUBSTITUTION

External links

• MeSH Basic+Fibroblast+Growth+Factor

This article on a gene on chromosome 4 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e