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bicarbonate

  (bī-kär'bə-nāt', -nĭt) pronunciation
n.

The radical group HCO3 or a compound, such as sodium bicarbonate, containing it.


 
 
World of the Body: bicarbonate

A salt of carbonic acid, or the dissociated ion HCO-3. The extracellular fluids of the body (blood plasma and tissue fluid) contain 20-25 mmol/litre of bicarbonate (about a quarter of the concentration of chloride). Regulation of its concentration (by the kidneys) relative to that of carbon dioxide (altered by changes in breathing) is crucial to the function of maintaining acid-base homeostasis. Ingestion of bicarbonate is a common remedy for ‘indigestion’, because it neutralizes stomach acid.

— Stuart Judge

See acid-base homeostasis; body fluids.

 
Dental Dictionary: bicarbonate

n

A salt resulting from the incomplete neutralization of carbonic acid such as from passing excess carbon dioxide into a base solution.

 

Ions formed as a by-product of carbonic acid. Bicarbonate ions are the main form by which carbon dioxide is transported in the blood. Bicarbonate is an important extracellular buffer, which helps neutralize the effects of hydrogen ions produced during anaerobic respiration.

 
or hydrogen carbonate, chemical compound containing the bicarbonate radical, [sbond]HCO3. The most familiar of such compounds is sodium bicarbonate (baking soda). See carbonate.


 

Any salt containing the HCO3 anion.

  • blood b. — the bicarbonate of the blood plasma, an important parameter of acid–base balance measured in blood gas analysis. Called also plasma bicarbonate.
  • b. buffering — major body buffering system in acid–base balance.
  • plasma b. — see blood bicarbonate (above).
  • b. of soda — sodium bicarbonate.


 
Word Tutor: bicarbonate
pronunciation

IN BRIEF: A variety of carbonate, usually used in baking or as an antacid.

pronunciation Sodium bicarbonate is used in making biscuits.

 
Wikipedia: bicarbonate

In inorganic chemistry, a bicarbonate (IUPAC-recommended nomenclature: hydrogencarbonate) is an intermediate form in the deprotonation of carbonic acid.

Chemical properties

Structure of bicarbonate
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Structure of bicarbonate

The bicarbonate ion (hydrogen carbonate) is an anion with the empirical formula HCO3 and a molecular mass of 61.01 daltons; it consists of one central carbon atom surrounded by three oxygen atoms in a trigonal planar arrangement, with a hydrogen atom attached to one of the oxygens. The bicarbonate ion carries a negative one formal charge and is the conjugate base of carbonic acid, H2CO3; it is the conjugate acid of CO32−, the carbonate ion as shown by these equilibrium reactions.

CO32- +2 H2O ⇋ HCO31- + H2O + OH1- ⇋ H2CO3 +2 OH1-

H2CO3 +2 H2O ⇋ HCO31- + H3O1+ + H2O ⇋ CO32- +2 H3O1+


A bicarbonate salt forms when a positively charged ion attaches to the negatively charged oxygen atoms of the ion, forming an ionic compound. Many bicarbonates are soluble in water at standard temperature and pressure, particularly sodium bicarbonate and magnesium bicarbonate; both of these substances contribute to total dissolved solids, a common parameter for assessing water quality.

Uses

The most common salt of the bicarbonate ion is sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3, which is used as baking soda. When exposed to an acid such as acetic acid (vinegar), bicarbonates release carbon dioxide. This is used to cause bread to rise in baking and to propel toy rockets.


This chemical is also found in the blood. It is a crucial component of the acid/base system of the body (maintaining homeostasis). 86%-90% of CO2 in the body is converted into H2CO3, a diprotic acid, which also can turn into its basic form HCO3. When close to equal amounts of Carbonate ions and Carbonic acid are present it forms a buffer system. This helps maintain the pH of the blood at a level needed for tissues and enzymes to work adequately.

The flow of bicarbonate ions from rocks weathered by the carbonic acid in rainwater is an important part of the carbon cycle.

Bicarbonate also serves a use in the digestive system. It neutralizes the exceedingly acidic pH of the stomach after the stomach digests the food.

Bicarbonate Compounds

See also

External links


 
Translations: Translations for: Bicarbonate

Dansk (Danish)
n. - bagepulver, tvekulsurt natron

idioms:

  • bicarbonate of soda    bagepulver, tvekulsurt natron

Nederlands (Dutch)
bicarbonaat

Français (French)
n. - bicarbonate

idioms:

  • bicarbonate of soda    bicarbonate de soude

Deutsch (German)
n. - Bikarbonat

idioms:

  • bicarbonate of soda    Natriumbicarbonat, Natron

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - διττανθρακικό νάτριο, μαγειρική σόδα

idioms:

  • bicarbonate of soda    διττανθρακικό νάτριο, μαγειρική σόδα

Italiano (Italian)
bicarbonato

idioms:

  • bicarbonate of soda    bicarbonato di sodio

Português (Portuguese)
n. - bicarbonato (m) (Quím.)

idioms:

  • bicarbonate of soda    bicarbonato (m) de sódio (Quím.)

Русский (Russian)
двууглекислая соль

idioms:

  • bicarbonate of soda    двууглекислый натрий, питьевая сода

Español (Spanish)
n. - bicarbonato

idioms:

  • bicarbonate of soda    bicarbonato de sodio o sosa

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - bikarbonat

中文(简体) (Chinese (Simplified))
重碳酸盐

idioms:

  • bicarbonate of soda    碳酸氢钠, 小苏打

中文(繁體) (Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 重碳酸鹽

idioms:

  • bicarbonate of soda    碳酸氫鈉, 小蘇打

한국어 (Korean)
n. - 중탄산염, 중조

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - 炭酸水素塩, 重炭酸塩

idioms:

  • bicarbonate of soda    重炭酸ソーダ, 重曹

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) ثاني كربونات‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮סודה לשתיה‬


 
 

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Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2007. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
World of the Body. The Oxford Companion to the Body. Copyright © 2001, 2003 by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.  Read more
Dental Dictionary. Mosby's Dental Dictionary. Copyright © 2004 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.  Read more
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