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| Bidar | |
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| Coordinates | 17°54′N 77°33′E / 17.90°N 77.55°E |
| Country |  India |
| State | Karnataka |
| District(s) | Bidar |
| Municipal commissioner | |
| Population • Density |
170,204 • 3,958 /km2 (10,251 /sq mi) |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) |
| Area • Elevation |
43 km2 (17 sq mi) • 614 m (2,014 ft) |
| Website | www.bidarcity.gov.in |
Bidar is a city and taluka in Karnataka state, India. It is the administrative seat of Bidar District. Bidar is also known as Karnatakda kerita.
Bidar city is known for its unique Bidri handicraft products. Manjeera is one of the main rivers supplying drinking water for Bidar and Hyderabad cities.
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History
Bidar (Mohammadabad) was one of the most prosperous cities of south India during the period of 11th century to 16th century.
The first Rashtrakuta capital, Mayurkhandi, was in Bidar district. The regal capital was later moved by Amoghavarsha I to Manyakheta in the present Gulbarga district.
Kalyani (today called Basavakalyan, after Basaveshwara) in Bidar district was the capital of Western Chalukyas, who were also called Kalyani Chalukyas after their capital. The Kalachuris continued with Kalyani as their capital.
Later, Bidar was ruled in succession by the Sevuna Yadavas of Devagiri and the Kakatiyas of Warangal, before being ruled by Allauddin Khilji, Malik Kafur and Muhammad bin Tughluq.
The generals of Muhammad Bin Tughlaq who were nominated as viceroys of the newly conquered Deccan region broke up and formed the Bahmani Sultanate under Allauddin Hasan Gangu Bahman Shah.
The Bahmani capital was shifted from Ahsanabad (Kalburgi or Kalubaruge, pronounced as Gulbarga by the Muslim newcomers), to Muhammadabad (Bidar, as it was called then), in 1425 and remained capital until the Sultanate's breakup after 1518. It then became the center of the Barid Shahis, one of the five independent sultanates known as the Deccan sultanates, that were the successor states to the Bahmani kingdom.
The Bidar Sultanate was absorbed by the Bijapur Sultanate to the west in 1619, which was in turn conquered by the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb in 1686.
Bidar became part of the dominions of the Nizam of Hyderabad from 1724 to 1948. When Hyderabad was annexed to India, Bidar became a part of the Indian Union, but still being a part of the Hyderabad state.
In 1956, it became a part of Mysore state, later renamed Karnataka.
Bidar, along with Gulbarga, Raichur and Koppal are collectively referred to as Hyderabad Karnataka. Bellary, though ceded by the Nizam to the British in 1796 AD, is also grouped together with these areas.
Notable rulers of Bidar
- Chalukyas
- Rashtrakutas
- Western Chalukyas
- Kalachuris
- Sevuna Yadavas
- Kakatiyas
- Qasim Barid Shah I 1492–1504
- Amir Shah I 1504–1542
- Ali Shah I 1542–1579
- Ibrahim Shah 1579–1586
- Qasim Shah II 1586–1589
- Amir II 1589–1601
Geography
Bidar is located at 17°54′N 77°33′E / 17.9°N 77.55°E[1]. It has an average elevation of 615 metres (2017 feet).
Tourism
Bidar has lots of historical monuments from Bahmani era. The structure of the great Mahmud Gawan Arabic University is reminiscent of the rich architecture of the Bahmani era. The Bidar Fort situated next to the city is one of the biggest forts in India. Unfortunately, these monuments have been neglected post independence.
 Panaromic Entrance View of Bidar Fort |
 Arabic University Mahmud Gawan |
Talukas
Following are the five talukas of Bidar district: Aurad, Basavakalyan Bhalki, Bidar and Humnabadand it has many other big villages known to be popular with good population and response.
Places of interest
Following are the major places of interest: Hazrath Shamsuddin Quadri Shrine popularly known as multani Badshah. Another well known place of visit is Choukhandi.The popular barid shahi tombs and a Jail made by the British before independence. Narasimha Zarna (Lord Narasimha Temple), Papa nashini (Shiva Temple), Guru Nanak Jhira Gurudwara, Bidar fort at Bidar, the great Friday mosque at Bidar, Nayee kamaan (fell down - so no more), Madarsa (university) of Mehmood Gawan, choubara (watch tower)at Bidar, several dargahs (mausoleums) of local Islamic saints, Basvesvara Temple, Barid shahi garden, Tomb of Mehmood Gawan, Kalyani shariff, 12th Century Cave, Kalyan shariff, Kalyan Fort, Kalyan shairff, Bidri Art Materials at Old City.
Pap Nash Temple: It is believed that Lord Sri Rama, on the way to Ayodhya from Lanka after defeating Ravana, visited this place and that resulted in the temple which would wash off his act of killing Ravana who is a Shiva Bhakt.
Narasimha Zarna: The temple virtually runs into a cave waterbody and is one of the unique in the world. The water in the cave will guide the pilgrims to the idol.
Madarasa: One of the oldest universities which was founded by Md. Gawan.
Bidar Fort: The fort is one the largest and strongest forts in India. It was built in 15th century.
Gurudwara: Most popular gurudwara among sikh community all over the India.
Girija B Kudre's Farm House: B. S. Kudre a great visionary & a social reformer from Bidar has developed an Organic Mangoes / Amla plantation in about 65 acres of land at Andura. Having developed a cold storage along with it, exporting the Mangoes & Grapes to US, UK & Middle Eastern Countries. By adopting the primitive method of Agriculture / Horticulture, showing the importance of Indian Breed Cow's, their Medicinal values in day to day life, made a benchmark for all the researcher's to visit at least once in lifetime. By proving that a Rural Indian youth can do much better than a Urban youth.
Demographics
As of 2001[update] India census[2], Bidar had a population of 172,298. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Bidar has an average literacy rate of 69%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with male literacy of 75% and female literacy of 62%. 14% of the population is under 6 years. Urdu, Kannada and Marathi are the main languages spoken.
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The literacy rate is far better than the national average. NGOs are required to work very hard and also the government so that the district achieves the 90% literacy rate which is not impossible. The villages and the structured self help groups are a success in Bidar and this needs to implemented to all across the country. The literacy rate is directly proportional to the general health, social, economical and political awareness among the people. Politicians have played a major role in worsening the situation in Bidar who never cared about the development and plights and requirements of the common man of the city. To enter in old city there were total 14 (Aprox.) historic doors (Darwaza's)cosntructed during the construction of BIDAR FORT boundary wall, but right now only some doors are remaining like Fathe darwaza, Mangalpet darwaza, Dulhan darwaza etc.
Educational Institutions
- Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Narayanpur,Basavakalyan,Bidar[1]
- Orchid Public School, Dargah Road, Bidar
- Karnataka Veterinary and Fisheries Sciences University (KVAFSU), Bidar.[3]
- Karnataka Art, Science and commerce college
- Veterinary college, Bidar.
- Gurayya Bacha High School, Bidar.
- Bidar Institute of Medical Sciences, Bidar (Brims)
- N.K.Jabshetty Ayurvedic Medical College
- Engineering Colleges - Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Bidar; Rural Engineering College, Bhalki
- Dental Colleges - S. B. Patil Dental College, Bidar.
- Smt.MC Vasantha college of nursing naubad Bidar. Colleges - B.V. Bhoomreddy College, Karnatak College, Dr. Ishwar Koujalgi. Memorial National Pre-University College, Guru Nanak Dev College, Vidya Science Pre-University College
- Schools - Seventh Day Adventist High School, Guru Nanak Public School (CBSE), Bidar, Air Force School Bidar; B.V.V. Sangh's National School, Bidar; Saint Joseph's School, Bidar; Saraswathi Vidya Mandir; Government Boys and Girls School; Siddharoodha Matha School; Kendriya Vidyalaya, Bidar; National High School, Bidar
- R.R.K.Samithi's college of Pharmacy
- M.H. Goel college of Pharmacy
- Mehraj Ali institute of Pharmacy education, Pratap Nagar, Bidar
- Basaveshwar college of education gumpa road Bidar, [Principal: Mallappa Menthe]
- Govt. Polytechnic, Bidar
- Govt. Polytechnic, Aurad
- Jawaharlal Nehru Polytechnic (Aided), Thanakushnoor
- The millennium public school,Shive Nagar North,Bidar
- INC (ICFAI National College), Shivakala Complex, Udgir Road, Bidar
Famous Industry
- B.K.Enterprises- Leading manufactureres of White and color CHALKS. Contact- 9916441509
- Karanja Papers - Leading Paper manufacturing
- Karanja Rubber's - Naubad, Bidar
- B.S.S.K - Sugar Factory, Hallikhed, Bidar
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Bidar |
References
- ^ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Bidar
- ^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. http://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
- ^ http://www.kvafsu.edu.in
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