William B. "Bill" Watterson II (born July 5, 1958), is an American cartoonist and the author of the comic strip Calvin and Hobbes cartoon series. He also produced several drawings for Target: The Political Cartoon Quarterly.
Biography
Watterson was born in Washington, D.C., where his father, James G. Watterson, worked as a patent examiner while going to George Washington University Law School before becoming a patent attorney in 1960. The family moved to Chagrin Falls, Ohio, where his mother, Kathryn Watterson, became a city council member when Bill was six years old. He has a younger brother, Thomas, who is currently an English teacher at McCallum High School in Austin, Texas.[1][2]
Early career
In 1980, Watterson graduated from Kenyon College with a B.A. in political science. Immediately, the Cincinnati Post offered him a job drawing political cartoons for a six-month trial period:
The agreement was that they could fire me or I could quit with no questions asked if things didn't work out during the first few months. Sure enough, things didn't work out, and they fired me, no questions asked.
My guess is that the editor wanted his own Jeff MacNelly (a Pulitzer winner at 24), and I didn't live up to his expectations. My Cincinnati days were pretty Kafkaesque. I had lived there all of two weeks, and the editor insisted that most of my work be about local, as opposed to national, issues. Cincinnati has a weird, three-party, city manager government, and by the time I figured it out, I was standing in the unemployment lines. I didn't hit the ground running. Cincinnati at that time was also beginning to realize it had major cartooning talent in Jim Borgman at the city's other paper[3], and I didn't benefit from the comparison.
—
Watterson explaining his short career with the Cincinnati Post[4]
Bill Watterson designed grocery advertisements for four years prior to creating Calvin and Hobbes.[5]
Rise to success
Inspiration
Watterson believes in his work for the personal fulfillment it brings. As he told the graduating class of 1990 at Kenyon College, "It's surprising how hard we'll work when the work is done just for ourselves." Calvin and Hobbes was first published on November 18, 1985. Bill Watterson wrote in his Calvin and Hobbes Tenth Anniversary Book[6] that his influences include Charles Schulz, for his work in Peanuts; Walt Kelly for his comic Pogo; and George Herriman for Krazy Kat. (Watterson also wrote the introduction to the first volume of The Komplete Kolor Krazy Kat.) Watterson's style also reflects the influence of Little Nemo in Slumberland, a popular early-20th-century comic strip by Winsor McCay.[7][8]
Additionally, he has woven parts of his life into the comic. He is an avid cyclist and has incorporated much of this theme into Calvin and Hobbes.[9] The theme of Calvin's father making Calvin suffer in order to "build character" came from his own father. Watterson's cat, "Sprite," very much inspired the personality and physical features of Hobbes.[10]
Watterson spent much of his career trying to change the climate of newspaper comics. He believed that the artistic value of comics was being undermined, and that the space they occupied in newspapers continually decreased, subject to arbitrary whims of shortsighted publishers. Furthermore, he opined that art should not be judged by the medium for which it is created (i.e., there is no "high" art or "low" art—just art).[11]
Changing the format of the Sunday strip
Watterson opposed the structure publishers imposed on Sunday newspaper cartoons: the standard cartoon starts with a large, wide rectangle featuring the cartoon's logo or a throwaway panel tangential to the main area so that newspapers pressed for space can remove the top third of the cartoon if they wish; the rest of the strip is presented in a series of rectangles of different widths. In Watterson's opinion, this format limited the cartoonist's options of allowable presentation. After his sabbatical year in 1991 he managed to gain an exception to these constraints for Calvin and Hobbes, allowing him to draw his Sunday cartoons the way he wanted. In many of his strips, the panels overlap or contain their own panels; in some, the action progresses diagonally across the strip.[12]
Fight against merchandising the cartoon characters
Watterson also battled against pressure from publishers to merchandise his work, something he felt would cheapen his comic.[13] He refused to merchandise his creations on the grounds that pasting Calvin and Hobbes images on commercially sold mugs, stickers, and T-shirts would devalue the characters and their personalities.[14] At a certain time period, he had to consider whether if his characters were to appear in an animated series or not. In the end, he ended up refusing the offer, much to his and many fans' disappointment.
Reuben
Watterson was awarded the National Cartoonists Society's Humor Comic Strip Award in 1988 and the society's Reuben Award in 1986;[15] he was the youngest person ever to receive the latter award. In 1988, Watterson received the Reuben Award a second time. He was nominated a third time in 1992.
Watterson wrote a brief, tongue-in-cheek autobiography in the late 1980s.[16]
Thirty-six of his Sunday cartoon strips were exhibited at Ohio State University's Cartoon Research Library from September 10, 2001 to January 16, 2002.
Retirement
Watterson announced his retirement on November 9, 1995, with the following letter to newspaper editors:
Dear Reader:
I will be stopping Calvin and Hobbes at the end of the year. This was not a recent or an easy decision, and I leave with some sadness. My interests have shifted, however, and I believe I've done what I can do within the constraints of daily deadlines and small panels. I am eager to work at a more thoughtful pace, with fewer artistic compromises. I have not yet decided on future projects, but my relationship with Universal Press Syndicate will continue.
That so many newspapers would carry Calvin and Hobbes is an honor I'll long be proud of, and I've greatly appreciated your support and indulgence over the last decade. Drawing this comic strip has been a privilege and a pleasure, and I thank you for giving me the opportunity.
Sincerely,
Bill Watterson
The last strip of Calvin and Hobbes was published on December 31, 1995. Shortly after finishing the strip, Watterson moved from Arizona, where he was living while producing the strip, back to his hometown of Chagrin Falls, Ohio. Since retiring, Bill Watterson has taken up painting, often drawing landscapes of the woods with his father. He has also published several anthologies of Calvin and Hobbes strips.
Since ending the strip, Watterson has kept away from the public eye and has given no indication of resuming the strip, creating new works based on the characters, or embarking on other projects. He refuses to sign autographs or license his characters, staying true to his stated principles. In previous years, he was known to sneak autographed copies of his books onto the shelves of the Fireside Bookshop, a family-owned bookstore in his home of Chagrin Falls, Ohio. However, after discovering that some people were selling the autographed books online for high prices, he ended this practice as well. Valuing privacy, he is very reluctant to give interviews or make public appearances.
In 2005, Watterson and his wife, Melissa, moved from Chagrin Falls to Cleveland.[17][18] On December 21, 1999, a short piece called "Drawn Into a Dark But Gentle World," written by Watterson to mark the forthcoming end of the comic strip Peanuts, was published in the Los Angeles Times.[19] In October 2005, Watterson answered fifteen questions submitted by readers.[20] His most recent foray into public life was on October 17, 2007, with a review of Schulz and Peanuts, a biography of Charles Schulz, in The Wall Street Journal.[21] In 2008, he provided a foreword for the first book collection of Richard Thompson's Cul De Sac comic strip.
Legacy
Bill Watterson's Calvin and Hobbes series has remained popular over the years despite the fact that it is no longer syndicated.
Awards
- 1986: Reuben Award, Cartoonist of the Year [15]
- 1988: Reuben Award, Cartoonist of the Year
- 1988: National Cartoonists Society, Newspaper Comic Strips Humor Award
- 1988: Sproing Award, for Tommy og Tigern (Calvin and Hobbes)
- 1989: Harvey Award, Special Award for Humor, for Calvin and Hobbes
- 1990: Harvey Award, Best Syndicated Comic Strip, for Calvin and Hobbes
- 1990: Max & Moritz Prize, Best Comic Strip, for Calvin and Hobbes
- 1991: Harvey Award, Best Syndicated Comic Strip, for Calvin and Hobbes
- 1991: Adamson Award, for Kalle och Hobbe (Calvin and Hobbes)
- 1992: Harvey Award, Best Syndicated Comic Strip, for Calvin and Hobbes
- 1992: Eisner Award, Best Comic Strip Collection, for The Revenge of the Baby-Sat
- 1992: Angoulême International Comics Festival, Prize for Best Comic Book, for En avant tête de thon!
- 1992: Eisner Award, Best Comic Strip Collection, for Attack of the Deranged Mutant Killer Monster Snow Goons
- 1993: Harvey Award, Best Syndicated Comic Strip, for Calvin and Hobbes
- 1994: Harvey Award, Best Syndicated Comic Strip, for Calvin and Hobbes
- 1995: Harvey Award, Best Syndicated Comic Strip, for Calvin and Hobbes
- 1996: Harvey Award, Best Syndicated Comic Strip, for Calvin and Hobbes
Sources
- ^ Steven Powell (2007). "McCallum Staff Directory". http://www.austin.isd.tenet.edu/schools/details.phtml?id=012&opt=directory. Retrieved on 2007-05-03.
- ^ "Rare Bill Watterson Art :: For the Calvin Connoisseur". Calvin & Hobbes: Magic on Paper. http://ignatz.brinkster.net/cbillart.html. Retrieved on 2008-01-25.
- ^ The Cincinnati Enquirer
- ^ Andrew Christie (1987). "Bill Watterson, the creator of Calvin and Hobbes on cartooning, syndicates, Garfield, Charles Schulz, and editors". Honk Magazine, Issue 2. http://home3.inet.tele.dk/stadil/interw.htm. Retrieved on 2006-03-17.
- ^ Bill Watterson (2005). "Introduction". The Complete Calvin and Hobbes. Andrew McMeel. pp. 491 (Book 1). ISBN 0-7407-4847-5.
- ^ Watterson, Bill (1995). Calvin and Hobbes Tenth Anniversary Book. Andrews and McMeel. pp. 21. ISBN 0-8362-0438-7.
- ^ "Winsor McCay: Little Nemo; Dreams of the Rarebit Fiend". Bob's Comics Reviews. November 1996. http://www.zompist.com/bob8.html.
- ^ Winsor McCay, Richard Marschall (1987). "An Incredible Ride To the End: An appreciation by Bill Watterson". The Best of Little Nemo in Slumberland. Stewart, Tabori, & Chang. pp. 195. ISBN 1-55670-647-2. http://ignatz.brinkster.net/cslumberland.html. Retrieved on 2006-03-17.
- ^ Watterson, Bill (1995). Calvin and Hobbes Tenth Anniversary Book. Andrews and McMeel. pp. 173. ISBN 0-8362-0438-7.
- ^ Watterson, Bill (1995). Calvin and Hobbes Tenth Anniversary Book. Andrews and McMeel. pp. 22. ISBN 0-8362-0438-7.
- ^ Bill Watterson (1995). The Calvin and Hobbes Tenth Anniversary Book. Andrews McMeel. pp. 208. ISBN 0-8362-0438-7.
- ^ Watterson, Bill (1995). Calvin and Hobbes Tenth Anniversary Book. Andrews and McMeel. pp. 14. ISBN 0-8362-0438-7.
- ^ Bill Watterson (1989-10-27). "The Cheapening of the Comics". Festival of Cartoon Art, Ohio State University. http://hobbes.ncsa.uiuc.edu/comics.html. Retrieved on 2006-03-17.
- ^ Watterson, Bill (1995). Calvin and Hobbes Tenth Anniversary Book. Andrews and McMeel. pp. 10. ISBN 0-8362-0438-7.
- ^ a b "The Reuben Award, 1975 to present day". National Cartoonist Society. http://www.reuben.org/ncs/archive/divisions/reuben2.asp. Retrieved on 2006-03-17.
- ^ Bill Watterson. "The Brief Tongue-in-Cheek Autobiography of Bill Watterson". http://ignatz.brinkster.net/cautobio.html. Retrieved on 2008-05-18.
- ^ Neely Tucker, "The Tiger Strikes Again," The Washington Post 4 Oct. 2005.
- ^ Joe Milicia, "Calvin and Hobbes Creator Keeps Privacy," Associated Press 22 Oct. 2005.
- ^ Bill Watterson (1999-12-21). "Drawn Into a Dark But Gentle World". Los Angeles Times. http://ignatz.brinkster.net/cpeanuts01.html. Retrieved on 2006-03-17.
- ^ "Fans From Around the World Interview Bill Watterson". Andrews McMeel. 2005-10-04. http://www.andrewsmcmeel.com/calvinandhobbes/interview.html. Retrieved on 2006-03-17.
- ^ Bill Watterson (2007-10-12). "The Grief That Made 'Peanuts' Good". Wall Street Journal. http://online.wsj.com/public/article/SB119214690326956694.html. Retrieved on 2008-08-27.
External links
Amazingly, much of the best cartoon work was done early on in the medium's history. The early cartoonists, with no path before them, produced work of such sophistication, wit, and beauty that it increasingly seems to me that cartoon evolution is working backward.
