Originating in Asia, the black-eyed pea is thought to have been introduced to the United States through the African slave trade. This small beige bean has a black circular "eye" at its inner curve. It can be purchased fresh or dried. Though originally cultivated for animal fodder, black-eyed peas are now a popular legume (particularly in the South) and are essential in the traditional dish hoppin' john. Also called cowpea and, if the "eye" is yellow, yellow-eyed pea.

Food Lover's Companion. Copyright © 2001 by Barron's Educational Series, Inc. All rights reserved.