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Bob Gibson

 

(born Nov. 9, 1935, Omaha, Neb., U.S.) U.S. baseball pitcher. Gibson was an outstanding high-school baseball and basketball player. As a right-handed pitcher for the St. Louis Cardinals (1961 – 75) who was at his best in crucial games, Gibson won seven of the nine World Series games in which he pitched. In 1968 he started 34 games, completed 28, and had an earned run average of 1.12. He pitched quickly, and his best pitches were a fastball and a slider. During his career he had 3,117 strikeouts, making him the first pitcher to accumulate more than 3,000 since Walter Johnson in the 1920s.

For more information on Bob Gibson, visit Britannica.com.

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Biography: Bob Gibson
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One of the fiercest competitors of any era in baseball, St. Louis Cardinals pitcher Bob Gibson (born 1935) dominated the National League in the 1960s and early 1970s. The hard-throwing Hall of Fame right-hander was at his best when the pressure was most intense, winning seven of his nine World Series starts, eight of them complete games. Gibson was the first pitcher in almost 50 years to finish his career with more than 3,000 strikeouts.

Batters feared to step up to the plate against the scowling, intimidating Bob Gibson. Like the pitchers of an earlier era, he wasn't afraid to throw inside, sometimes knocking down hitters. Gibson's will to win was unquenchable. He led the Cardinals to three league championships and two World Series titles. His pitching performance in 1968 is among the very best in baseball history.

Beat the Odds

Bob Gibson was born and raised in poverty during the years of the Great Depression and World War II. He was the youngest of seven children, and he never knew his father, who died of tuberculosis before he was born. His mother, Victoria, supported her large family by working in a laundry. They lived in an inner-city slum in Omaha, Nebraska.

As a child, Gibson's own health was problematic. He suffered from asthma and hay fever. He had a heart murmur. While very young, he contracted rickets and almost died of pneumonia. Yet he overcame his maladies to become a star athlete at Omaha Technical High School, excelling in track and basketball as well as baseball, where he was primarily a catcher.

Gibson applied to the University of Indiana, but that school turned him down because in those days it had a quota on black athletes. Instead, he went to Creighton University in Omaha on a basketball scholarship. At Creighton, he also played baseball, starring as a shortstop and outfielder.

In 1957, the St. Louis Cardinals gave Gibson a small bonus and signed him to a professional baseball contract. They decided he was best suited to be a pitcher. Yet Gibson was still undecided about which sport to pursue, and he played one season of basketball with the barnstorming Harlem Globetrotters before casting his lot with baseball.

Gibson spent parts of three seasons in the minor leagues, refining his pitching skills, before earning a spot on the Cardinals roster in 1959. He was unimpressive in his first two seasons, winning six games and losing 11, and was twice sent down to the minors. Thirteen consecutive winning seasons in the major leagues would follow.

Pitched with Heart

Gibson threw the ball hard, but he had trouble throwing it over the plate with any consistency at the beginning of his career. His walk totals were unacceptably high: 69 free passes in 87 innings in 1960, and a league-high 119 in 211 innings in 1961, his first year as a regular member of the Cardinals' starting rotation. But even while he struggled with his control, his opponents were struggling to get hits off him, and his strikeout totals kept rising. In 1962, when he won 15 games, Gibson struck out 208 batters and allowed only 174 hits in 234 innings. He would strike out more than 200 batters in eight of the next ten seasons.

When he perfected a devastating slider to go with his intimidating fastball, Gibson became a complete pitcher. In 1964, Gibson pitched 287 innings and won 19 games, despite battling arthritis in the elbow of his throwing arm most of the season. St. Louis won the National League pennant, thanks largely to Gibson's great stretch run: he won 9 of his final 11 decisions. The Cardinals edged out two other teams as Gibson won the deciding game on the last day of the season with a gutsy performance in relief.

In the second game of the World Series, Gibson pitched eight strong innings but was pulled for a pinch-hitter with his team trailing, 4-3. Never again would he be removed from a World Series game. The series was tied at two games apiece when Gibson took the mound for Game Five. He dominated for ten innings, striking out 13 and allowing only two runs, and the Cardinals won. Three days later, a weary Gibson gutted out nine more innings in the decisive Game Seven. He allowed three home runs, but the Cardinals hung on for a 7-5 victory and a world championship.

The next season was the first of five in which Gibson would win at least 20 games. He was also establishing his reputation as an intimidator. He believed that the inside part of the plate belonged to him, and batters who would dare to lean in close could expect a fastball up and in.

"Actually, I didn't drill many guys," Gibson told the Sporting News long after his career ended. "You thought you might get it." The inside pitch was a key part of Gibson's psychological arsenal. "People don't really understand about pitching inside," he explained. "They think when you throw inside, you are trying to intimidate somebody, you are trying to knock them down, you are trying to hit them. It's none of the above. You pitch inside to make them think inside."

Gibson said that when he did hit a batter, often it was a mistake. But he wouldn't acknowledge it was unintentional. "I wasn't throwing at them and they didn't know it, because they expected me to throw at somebody," he recalled. "So I never apologized. That's the worst thing in the world to do. You just stand out there like you did it on purpose."

His catcher, Tim McCarver, knew how tough Gibson could be. Often, when McCarver went to the mound to settle him down, Gibson would scowl and wave him away. "The only thing you know about pitching is how hard it is to hit," Gibson once told McCarver as he approached the mound.

Gibson's athleticism helped him be an all-around contributor to his team. He was one of the smoothest-fielding pitchers of any era, jumping on bunts and grounders like a cat. He was awarded the league's Gold Glove as the best fielder at his position for nine consecutive years, from 1965 through 1973. He also was a formidable hitter, batting a respectable .206 for his career and clouting 24 home runs.

Big Game Pitcher

In 1967, Gibson's leg was fractured by Roberto Clemente's hard line drive. He was out eight weeks, but returned in time to pitch the Cardinals to another league championship, winning the pennant-clinching game against Philadelphia. Back in the World Series, he dominated the Boston Red Sox in his three starts, allowing only three runs, 14 hits and five walks while striking out 26 in 27 innings. He won the opener, 2-1, shut out Boston in Game Four, and was again the winning pitcher in the decisive seventh game. For the second time, he was named the Most Valuable Player of the World Series.

No longer was control a problem for Gibson. In his peak years, he struck out three or four times as many batters as he walked. Recognized as the most dominant pitcher in the game, Gibson in 1968 became almost impossible to score runs against. That season was widely regarded as "the year of the pitcher," with defensive play dominating so much that baseball officials responded after the season by lowering the height of the pitching mound. But even though batting averages were depressed throughout major league baseball, Gibson's performance still was astounding. He completed 28 of his 34 starts, hurled 305 innings, gave up only 198 hits and 62 walks, and struck out a league-high 268 batters. He led the league with 13 shutouts and compiled a microscopic 1.12 earned run average, meaning that opponents averaged barely one run a game against him. He won 22 games and lost nine, but the losses were due mainly to poor run support from the light-hitting Cardinals.

Many baseball experts consider Gibson's 1968 season as the greatest pitching achievement since the pre-1920 "dead ball" era. His 1.12 ERA was the fourth-best all-time and by far the lowest since the 1910s. During one stretch of the season, he gave up only two runs over 95 consecutive innings. "That season was different because of my control," Gibson later told the Sporting News . "I really didn't have to think about where I wanted to throw the ball … all I had to do was throw it and it got there."

In the World Series, the Cardinals were heavily favored to beat the Detroit Tigers. The Opening Game pitted Gibson against Denny McLain, who had won 31 games for Detroit, the most by any pitcher after 1934. Gibson set a new World Series record by striking out 17 Tigers, shutting out Detroit on six hits. In Game Four, Gibson again easily beat McLain and even added a home run in the Cards' 10-1 rout.

Gibson now had won seven consecutive World Series games, finishing all of them, and for the third time he took the mound for a decisive Game Seven. This time he faced Mickey Lolich, who also had two complete-game victories in the series. The two battled in a tense scoreless pitching duel through six innings. Then, in the seventh inning, the usually reliable Curt Flood misread a line drive by Jim Northrup and fell down while trying to reverse course. The drive went over his head for a triple and the Tigers won the game, 4-1. Gibson had struck out a record 35 batters in the series, but the Cardinals lost despite his heroic efforts.

It was the last World Series for Gibson, but he continued to be a major star and a big-game pitcher. He won a second Cy Young Award in 1970 when he won 23 games, lost only seven, and struck out 274 batters. The next season, he pitched a no-hitter against Pittsburgh. Battling arthritis and injuries into his late 30s, he continued to be a workhorse on the mound. Finally, his pain-racked body gave way, and in 1975, at age 40, he fell to a 3-10 record and was forced to retire. He finished his career with 56 shutouts. Walter Johnson was the only player of the time able to surpass his 3,117 strikeouts. Gibson was inducted into base-ball's Hall of Fame in 1981.

A Winning Reputation

After his playing career ended, Gibson served as a coach with the New York Mets in 1981 and with the Atlanta Braves from 1982 to 1984. He also spent several seasons as a television broadcaster. For awhile he served as a special advisor to American League President Gene Budig. In 1995 he returned to the Cardinals as a bullpen coach and, starting in 1996, became a special instructor for St. Louis during spring training. He became very active in raising money for charities, and continued to be outspoken about racial barriers in baseball that he claimed kept qualified African Americans like himself from advancing in management ranks.

Gibson even complained that his reputation as a "headhunter" - a pitcher who throws bean balls - was the byproduct of racial prejudice. "I resent the fact that the only thing I get credit for is being a headhunter," he told the Sporting News in 1998. "I suspect [it was] because I was one of the first black pitchers that was relatively successful. I pitched just like everybody else, but when I did it, it was three times worse."

Gibson is best remembered as a competitor who used his heart and brains and guts to win. "We were taught from the time we were kids to kill, to take no prisoners - as far as winning," he said in the same interview. "And that doesn't change. We get a little bit older, but you go out to win at all costs."

Books

Gibson, Bob, and Lonnie Wheeler, Stranger to the Game: The Autobiography of Bob Gibson, Viking, 1994.

Periodicals

Sporting News, August 3, 1998.

Online

"Big Game Bob," ESPN.com,http://espn.go.com/classic/000726bobgibson.html.

"Bob Gibson," Encylopedia Brittanicahttp://www.blackhistory.eb.com/micro/233/94/html.

"Bob Gibson," Total Baseball,http://totalbaseball.com/player/g/gibsb101/gibsb101.html.

Black Biography: Bob Gibson
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baseball player; athletic coach

Personal Information

Born Robert Gibson on November 9, 1935, in Omaha, NE, son of Pack and Victoria Gibson; married Wendy Nelson (second wife); children: Annette, Renee (previous marriage), Chris (with Nelson).

Career

Baseball player, coach. Signed with the St. Louis Cardinals, 1957; made first major league appearance, 1959; pitcher for the Cardinals, 1959-1975; Atlanta Braves, assistant coach, 1982-84; broadcaster for ABC, ESPN, and the Cardinals radio program, 1985-94; Cardinals, assistant coach, 1995-97.

Life's Work

Hall of Fame pitcher Bob Gibson was a member of the St. Louis Cardinals' lineup for nearly twenty years. He began his career as a pitcher in the Major Leagues when he first signed with the Cardinals in 1957. Gibson remained with the Cardinals until the mid-1970s, pitching in several World Series and winning MVP honors. After retiring from play, Gibson went on to coach for the Atlanta Braves, as well as the Cardinals.

Gibson was born on November 9, 1935 in Omaha, Nebraska. Gibson's father died three months before he was born, leaving his mother to provide for a family of seven children by doing laundry. The Gibsons moved into the Logan Fontenelle projects in Omaha in 1942. The move was a big step up from rented houses where family had been living. Bob Gibson grew up in an integrated housing project. Though the family was poor, Gibson's young life was filled with sports--baseball, football, and his favorite sport, basketball. In high school, he played baseball for his local YMCA team in the summer, but he was not able to play at Omaha Technical High School until his senior year. At Omaha Tech, whites played baseball, and blacks ran track.

As a senior on the baseball team, he made the varsity team as an outfielder and utility player. Though he hit .368 in baseball, he was really known as a basketball player. His coach even wrote to Indiana University about him, but the basketball program wrote back informing the All-State player that the team had filled their quota of blacks for the year (which was one). So Gibson turned to baseball. He rejected an offer from the famous Negro League Kansas City Monarchs because the Negro Leagues no longer interested him after Jackie Robinson broke into Major League Baseball in 1947. The St. Louis Cardinals had a minor league team in Omaha. The Cardinals offered him a contract, but Gibson's big brother, Josh, who had coached and mentored him all his life, told him he must get an education. Gibson finally accepted a scholarship to play basketball from Creighton, a private Catholic university in Nebraska.

Gibson started on the varsity basketball team at Creighton for three years. After his senior season Gibson stood as the school's all-time leading scorer, but he attracted very little attention at the professional level from the NBA. In the end he was able to parlay a great performance at a college All-Star game into a deal with the Harlem Globetrotters. In the spring of 1957 Gibson focused in on baseball, which had always been his second sport. While in college he still played in the outfield, but he did possess a 95-mile-an-hour fastball. Again, Gibson received little interest from professional teams, but he was good enough to sign with the Cardinals for a $1,000 bonus.

When Gibson showed up to practice for the first day, Omaha Cardinal manager Johnny Keane told him to throw some batting practice. Right then and there Keane decided Gibson was a pitcher. He could throw hard, but had little control so he was sent to Columbus, Georgia--a team playing in a league integrated only four years before by Hank Aaron. Gibson finished the season with a 4-3 record and then immediately reported to the Harlem Globetrotters, where Gibson became roommates with Meadowlark Lemon. After one winter with the Globetrotters, the Cardinals offered him money not to play basketball and he quit for good to become a big league pitcher.

Made It To The Majors

In 1958 Gibson made his way from a minor league training center, back to Omaha, and, by the end of the season, to the Cardinals' Triple A team in Rochester, New York, where he finished with a 5-5 record and the hardest fastball in the league. Gibson made the big league club in 1959 but split his time between St. Louis and Omaha. It took Gibson until the middle of the 1961 season, when the Cardinals brought in Johnny Keane to manage the club, to get into the starting rotation for good.

The appointment of Keane was key to Gibson's career at that point. Instead of being constantly criticized, Keane built up the young pitcher comparing him favorably in the press with Los Angeles Dodger great Sandy Koufax. Gibson told William Ladson of The Sporting News about the effect Keane had on his career: "He saw something. I don't know what it was. But I was a pretty good athlete ... I was a good ballplayer until I got into pro ball and then I couldn't pitch anymore ... I just knew that Johnny Keane had confidence in me." By the middle of the next season, Gibson had made the All-Star team. But late in the year with Gibson at 15-13 and a 2.85 earned run average (ERA) he fractured his ankle and was finished for the rest of the 1962 season.

Though he started slowly, recuperating from the injury, Gibson and the Cardinals were a much-improved team in 1963. In the following campaign, the team and its ace would get better. In 1964 the Cardinals won the National League pennant with Gibson coming out of the bullpen for the last game of the year. He brought his 19 victories to the World Series against the Yankees. Three days after winning the season-ender, Gibson lost the second game of the series to the Yankees 8-3. Gibson started the fifth game at Yankee Stadium with the series tied 2-2. Gibson cruised through the powerful line up to take a 2-0 lead into the ninth. With a man on first the next Yankee batter Joe Pepitone connected with a shot that hit Gibson square in the backside and bounced toward third base. Instead of going down, Gibson pounced on the ball and somehow managed to throw the runner out. It turned out to be a game-saving play as the next batter tied the game with a home run. Gibson and the Cardinals were able to hang on to the victory in the tenth.

But Gibson was not done yet. Gibson had pitched four games in ten days and then was sent out to the hill to determine the series in Game seven. After six innings Gibson had a 6-0 lead. In the seventh Mickey Mantle hit a three-run home run, but Cardinal manager Keane left his starter in. In the ninth Keane told Gibson to just throw as hard as he could. Though the Yankees hit two home runs to make the score 7-5, Gibson got the last outs and secured the Cardinals first World Championship in 18 years. Gibson won two games and set a World Series record for strikeouts with 31. He was named Most Valuable Player (MVP) by Sport Magazine. Gibson told Rick Hummel of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch about pitching during the World Series: "People will ask, 'Were you tired?' You don't get tired till after the Series is over. The World Series is once in a lifetime. If you don't want it, go home."

The next two seasons the Cardinals stumbled but Gibson won 20 and 21 games respectively. The 1967 season was a different matter. By the all-star break Gibson had won 10 games and the Cardinals were three and a half games ahead of their closest opponents. In his next start against Pittsburgh, Pirate great Roberto Clemente lined a shot right off Gibson's shin. The mark left a baseball imprint in his tibia, but Gibson would not come out of the game. Two batters later, Gibson came down on the leg and the bone snapped between the knee and the ankle. Gibson, whose leg had been fractured after the initial contact, would be out for eight weeks.

He came back to finish the season and lead the Cardinals into the World Series against the Boston Red Sox. Gibson won the first game, the fourth game, and then it was his turn again to take the mound for the seventh game. Gibson rose to the occasion again pitching a three-hitter and adding a home run of his own to win the game 7-2. Gibson went on to win his second World Series MVP on the strength of his three-win and 27-strikeout performance. Gibson tied a World Series record set in 1905 for fewest hits allowed in three series starts with 14. Gibson was even invited to Washington D.C. for a state dinner with the Japanese president where he met President Lyndon Johnson.

Pitched Landmark Season

Gibson's 1968 season, considered by many in baseball to be the greatest single season by a pitcher in the history of the game, started slowly. After his first three starts he was winless and then won only three of his first ten appearances. After a third of the season was over, Gibson's record stood at 3-5, but his ERA was a sparkling 1.32. He even lost a one-hitter early in the season. Gibson and the Cardinals got on a roll in June. He pitched five straight shutouts and 47 consecutive scoreless innings. By the mid point in the season, Gibson's ERA was an otherworldly 1.06. By the end of July Gibson's ERA was even lower at 0.96 and he had not been taken out of the game for three months.

At the end of the 1968 season, Gibson's statistics were staggering. Gibson finished the year at 22-9, with 300 innings pitched, 13 shutouts, and an ERA of 1.12. And all for a club that averaged 2.8 runs a game on the nights he pitched. Gibson talked about his lack of run support with Edes Gordon of Baseball Digest: "In '68, I had 13 shutouts and lost five 1-0 games. That's 18 games in which I gave up one run of less. I lost nine games with and ERA of one. How do you do that? It drove me crazy. And people wonder why I was always grumpy--when I'd get one run, win or lose." Gibson won the league MVP and the Cardinals again won the National League pennant to face the Detroit Tigers in the 1968 World Series.

True to form, Gibson started and won the first game of the series setting a World Series record by striking out 16 batters. With the Cardinals up two games to one Gibson won his seventh straight World Series game--a record that still stands--and led the Cardinals to a three game to one advantage. But St. Louis lost the next two games, and as was the custom for the Cardinals, they would let Gibson win the seventh. Through six innings the score was tied at zero. Gibson had retired 20 of 21 batters and broken Sandy Koufax's record of 31 strikeouts in a World Series. But it was not to be Gibson's day. The Tigers scored four runs in the seventh and went on to win the World Series, spoiling Gibson's near-perfect season. After Gibson and other pitchers of 1968 dominated the game so totally, baseball decided to make several rule changes. The pitchers mound was lowered from 15 to 10 inches and the strike zone was shrunk. The umpires also cracked down on the inside pitch, one of Gibson's most feared weapons.

The 1969 season brought more of the same excellence from Gibson, though his team stumbled to fourth place in a six-team division. Gibson won his 20th game on the last day of the season against 14 losses. He pitched a career high 314 innings and despite the rule changes racked up an ERA of 2.18. The consequence of the season's failing was that the Cardinals were broken up. In 1970 the club was not the same despite Gibson's 23 wins and a second Cy Young Award. He also won his sixth straight Gold Glove award and hit .303 to become the last pitcher in Major League Baseball to hit .300 and win 20 games in a season.

In 1971 Gibson struggled with a pulled thigh muscle through the first half of the season but won 10 of his last 13 decisions to finish the year at 16-13 including a no-hitter against Pittsburgh on August 14. The 1972 season brought more milestones for Gibson including the Cardinals record for most career victories (211). At the age of 36 Gibson finished the year 19-11 with a 2.46 ERA. He also hit five home runs--only Ted Simmons and Joe Torre hit more for the Cardinals that season.

As Gibson grew older his life on and off the field was becoming more complicated. He and his wife, Charline, were on their way to a divorce and very few of his old Cardinals teammates were left from the days when they won three National League pennants. Gibson helped found the Community Bank of Nebraska with the help of financier Warren Buffett and was principal investor in an Omaha radio station.

Retired Due to Injuries

Gibson missed much of the middle of the 1973 season after tearing cartilage in his knee. He finished 1973 with a record of 12-10 and a realization that at the age of 38 wondering if his body could take much more of the pounding. Every time he pitched in 1974 he was forced to undergo the draining of his knee. His elbow sometimes swelled up so that he could not straighten his arm. Still he battled his way to an 11-13 record, but after losing the last game of the season, he announced that 1975 would be the last year of his glorious career.

Though he had high hopes for his final season, Gibson was now raising his two daughters, Annette and Renee, alone. The physical and mental stress of being a professional athlete and a full-time parent caused both facets of his life to suffer. In baseball, he was demoted to the bullpen, but at home he hired Wendy Nelson, who Gibson later married, to look after his girls while he was gone. Gibson got his first victory coming out of the bullpen on July 28. Win number 251 would be the final victory of his career because he was used very little for the rest of the season.

Gibson received a motor home from the Cardinals on Bob Gibson Day and went traveling after his retirement. He also opened a restaurant, but still looked to get back into baseball. In 1981 he became the New York Mets "attitude coach" under his former teammate Joe Torre. Before joining the Mets, Gibson became a father again, this time to a son, Chris. Also in 1981 Gibson was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame on the first ballot.

Torre and all the coaches were fired after the 1981 season, but Gibson thought 1982 would be better. He was lead to believe that he would be managing the Cardinals minor-league club, but senior Cardinals management vetoed the idea. In the end, Gibson went back to work for Torre, this time as an assistant coach for the Atlanta Braves. Gibson and Torre stayed in Atlanta until after the 1984 season when all the coaches were fired.

After coaching Gibson began broadcasting on the radio, first on ABC's Monday Night Baseball and then mainly with the Cardinals. Gibson still wanted a job in baseball, and after Joe Torre was named manager of the Cardinals, Gibson came home in 1995. Before introducing his new assistant coach to the media, Torre told Bob Klapisch of The Sporting News about his long time friend: "Just say he's proud, he's opinionated, sometimes he doesn't have a lot of tact. But above all, Bob Gibson loves baseball."

Awards

World Series MVP, 1964, 1967; National League MVP, 1968; National League Cy Young Award, 1968; National League All-Star, 1962, 1965-70, 1972; National League Gold Glove, 1965-73; elected to Major League Baseball Hall of Fame on first ballot, 1981.

Further Reading

Books

  • Gibson, Bob and Lonnie Wheeler, Stranger to the Game: The Autobiography of Bob Gibson Viking Penguin, 1994.
Periodicals
  • Baseball Digest, September 2000.
  • The Sporting News, February 27, 1995; August 3, 1998.
  • St. Louis Post-Dispatch, November 2, 2001.

— Michael J. Watkins

Artist: Bob Gibson
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Bob Gibson

Similar Artists:

Influenced By:

Followers:

Worked With:

  • Born: November 16, 1931, New York, NY
  • Died: September 28, 1996, Portland, OR
  • Active: '50s, '60s, '70s, '80s, '90s
  • Genres: Folk
  • Instrument: Banjo, Vocals, Guitar
  • Representative Albums: "Joy Joy! The Young and Wonderful Bob Gibson," "Stops Along the Way," "I Come for to Sing"
  • Representative Songs: "Well, Well, Well," "I Hear America Singing," "Wayfaring Stranger"

Biography

While Bob Gibson's recordings may sound like run-of-the-mill white-boy folk to modern listeners, he played an important role in popularizing folk music to American audiences in the 1950s at the very beginning of the folk boom. His 12-string guitar style influenced performers like Gordon Lightfoot and Harry Chapin; he was a mainstay at one of the first established folk clubs in the U.S., the Gate of Horn in Chicago; and he wrote songs with Shel Silverstein and Phil Ochs, as well as performing in a duo with Hamilton Camp. Most of all, he was one of the first folkies on the scene--when he began performing and recording in the mid-'50s, there was hardly anyone else playing guitar-based folk music for an educated, relatively affluent audience.

Gibson was a salesman for a developmental reading company before he was inspired by take up folk music in 1954, after hearing Pete Seeger perform. He learned Jamaican music while working cruise boats off Florida, and taught some to the Terriers, who recorded the "Banana Boat Song" (made famous by Harry Belafonte). On his first recordings for the Riverside label in the late '50s, he played banjo and 12-string guitar with light accompaniment, presenting a wide assortment of traditional folk tunes, as well as some originals.

Gibson helped Joan Baez and Phil Ochs in their early days, and was managed by Albert Grossman, who later handled the affairs of such giants as Bob Dylan and Peter, Paul & Mary. In fact, Gibson has said that Grossman wanted to team Bob and Hamilton Camp up with a female singer before hitting upon the same type of trio approach with Peter, Paul & Mary, although Gibson wasn't interested in the idea. But Gibson probably was a little too retro for bigtime folk success in the '60s anyway. He was older than most of the performers on the scene, and his approach too tame and clean-cut, even though he and similar performers had helped created the sparks of the folk boom just by playing such material to begin with. In the latter period of his life he did continue to perform in Chicago, and help out with programs for that's city's Old Town School of Folk Music. He died in September 1996 at the age of 64. ~ Richie Unterberger, All Music Guide
Wikipedia: Bob Gibson
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Bob Gibson
Pitcher
Born: November 9, 1935 (1935-11-09) (age 74)
Omaha, Nebraska
Batted: Right Threw: Right 
MLB debut
April 15, 1959 for the St. Louis Cardinals
Last MLB appearance
September 3, 1975 for the St. Louis Cardinals
Career statistics
Win-Loss record     251-174
Earned run average     2.91
Strikeouts     3,117
Teams
Career highlights and awards

MLB Records

  • 35 strikeouts during a World Series
  • 17 strikeouts in a World Series game
  • 1.12 ERA in 1968
Member of the National
Empty Star.svg Empty Star.svg Empty Star.svg Baseball Hall of Fame Empty Star.svg Empty Star.svg Empty Star.svg
Induction     1981
Vote     84.0% (first ballot)

Pack Robert "Bob" Gibson (born November 9, 1935) is a former right-handed baseball pitcher, having played for the St. Louis Cardinals from 1959 to 1975.[1] He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1981.[2]

Gibson was a fierce competitor who rarely smiled and was known to throw close, fast inside pitches to let batters know who was in charge, similar to his contemporary and fellow Hall of Famer Don Drysdale.[3] Even so, Gibson had good control and hit only 102 batters in his career (fewer than Drysdale's 154).[1] Revered by St. Louis baseball fans, Gibson dominated with his fastball, sharp slider and a slow, looping curveball. He now resides in the Omaha suburb of Bellevue with his wife and son, and is a special instructor coach for the St. Louis Cardinals.

Contents

Youth and early career

Born Pack Gibson, after his father who died 3 months before his birth, Gibson changed his name to Robert when he turned 18. Despite a childhood filled with health problems, including rickets, asthma, pneumonia, and a heart murmur, he was active in sports as a youth, particularly baseball and basketball. After a standout career in baseball and basketball at Tech High in Omaha[citation needed], Gibson won a basketball scholarship to Creighton University.[4]

In 1957, Gibson received a $3,000 bonus to sign with the Cardinals. He delayed his start with the organization for a year, playing basketball with the Harlem Globetrotters,[5] earning the nickname "Bullet" and becoming famous for backhanded dunks. Gibson continued to play basketball even after starting his career with the Cardinals, until general manager Bing Devine offered Gibson a bonus if he would quit playing basketball during baseball's off-seaon. In 1958 he spent a year at the triple-A farm club in Omaha. He graduated to the major leagues in 1959 and had the first of nine 200-strikeout seasons in 1962. Cardinals fans gave Gibson the nickname, "Hoot".

The Dominator

In the eight seasons from 1963 to 1970, he won 156 games and lost 81, for a .658 winning percentage.[1][6] He won nine Gold Glove Awards, was awarded the World Series MVP Award in 1964 and 1967, and won Cy Young Awards in 1968 and 1970.[7][8][9]

In Game 7 of St. Louis's World Series triumph on October 15, 1964, Gibson held on to earn the win despite allowing ninth-inning home runs to New York Yankees Phil Linz and Clete Boyer.[10]

In 1967, Gibson made a remarkable recovery from a broken leg to become the premier pitcher in that year's World Series. Gibson's normal follow-through included landing hard on his right leg. On July 15, he was hit by a line drive off the bat of Roberto Clemente. The broken leg put Gibson on the disabled list until early September, while the Cardinals continued to play exceptionally well, with Nelson Briles who took Gibson's spot in the rotation, reeling off nine consecutive wins. With Gibson back in the lineup, the Cardinals secured the National League pennant on September 18, 10½ games ahead of the San Francisco Giants.[11][12]

In the 1967 World Series against the Boston Red Sox, Gibson allowed only three earned runs and 14 hits over three complete game victories (Games 1, 4, and 7), the latter two marks tying Christy Mathewson's 1905 World Series record. He also hit a vital home run in Game 7.[13][14]

The 1968 season became known as "The Year of the Pitcher", and Gibson was at the forefront of pitching dominance. His earned run average was 1.12, a live-ball era record, as well as the major league record in 300 or more innings pitched, and was the lowest major league ERA in 54 years (see Dutch Leonard).[2] He threw 13 shutouts, just three behind Grover Alexander's 1916 major league record of 16, and in one phenomenal stretch allowed only two earned runs in 92 innings (0.20 ERA).[15] Gibson also pitched 47 consecutive scoreless innings, at the time the third-longest scoreless streak in major league history, to Walter Johnson's 56 in 1913, and Don Drysdale's 58⅔ set earlier during the 1968 season. Gibson also won the National League MVP Award, the last MVP won by a National League pitcher to date.[16] With the batting anemic even on the Cardinal team, Gibson lost nine games against 22 wins, despite his record-setting low 1.12 ERA; the team could not score many runs. He lost five 1-0 games, one of which was Gaylord Perry's no-hitter on September 17.[17] Gibson was never "knocked from the box" in 34 starts.

In Game 1 of the 1968 World Series, Gibson struck out 17 Detroit Tigers to set a World Series record for strikeouts in one game, which still stands today (breaking Sandy Koufax's record of 15 in Game 1 of the 1963 World Series).[2][18][19]

Gibson's 1968 season was so successful that his performance is widely cited in Major League Baseball's decision to lower the pitcher's mound by five inches in 1969 from 15 inches to 10 inches. The change had only a slight effect on him; he went 20-13 that year, with a 2.18 ERA, 4 shutouts and 28 complete games.[1] Since then, Major League Baseball has put heavier emphasis on pitch counts and relief pitching; these, combined with other changes in baseball and ballparks, may make Gibson's 1968 record unrepeatable by another pitcher.

On May 12, 1969, Gibson struck out three batters on nine pitches in the seventh inning of a 6-2 win over the Los Angeles Dodgers.[20] Gibson became the ninth National League pitcher and the 15th pitcher in Major League history to throw an immaculate inning.

Gibson achieved two highlights in August 1971. On the 4th of the month, he defeated the Giants 7-2 at Busch Memorial Stadium for his 200th career victory.[5] Ten days later, he no-hit the Pittsburgh Pirates 11-0 at Three Rivers Stadium.[21][22] Three of his 10 strikeouts in the game were to Willie Stargell, including the game's final out. The no-hitter was the first in Pittsburgh in more than 60 years; none had been pitched in the 62-year (mid-1909 to mid-1970) history of Three Rivers Stadium's predecessor, Forbes Field.

He was the second pitcher in Major League Baseball history, after Walter Johnson, to strike out over 3,000 batters, and the first to do so in the National League.[5] He accomplished this at home, at Busch Stadium on July 17, 1974; the victim was César Gerónimo of the Cincinnati Reds.[23] (Gerónimo would also become Nolan Ryan's 3,000th strikeout victim, in 1980.)

Gibson was a good hitter and was sometimes used by the Cardinals as a pinch-hitter. In 1970, he hit .303 for the season, which was over 100 points higher than his teammate, shortstop Dal Maxvill. For his career, he batted .206 (274-for-1,328) with 44 doubles, 5 triples, 24 home runs (plus two more in the World Series) and 144 RBIs, plus stealing 13 bases and walking 63 times for a .206/.243/.301 line.[1] He is one of only two pitchers since World War II with a career batting average of .200 or higher, and with at least 20 home runs and 100 RBIs (Bob Lemon, who had broken into the majors as a third baseman, is the other at .232).

Gibson was above average as a baserunner and thus was occasionally used as a pinch runner, despite managers' general reluctance to risk injury to pitchers in this way.

The constant pounding on Gibson's right knee took its toll, eventually inflicting knee injuries that contributed to Gibson losing his effectiveness. In his final season 1975 he went 3-10 with a 5.04 ERA, and announced his retirement earlier that season.[1] In his final appearance, Gibson was summoned as a reliever in a 6-6 game against the Cubs and gave up the game-winner to an unheralded player, most well known for his odd name and being the son of TV personality, Peter Marshall. “When I gave up a grand slam to Pete LaCock,” Bob Gibson said later, “I knew it was time to quit.”

The Cardinals honored him by declaring a "Bob Gibson Day" in September, 1975.

Don't mess with 'Hoot'

Gibson was known for pitching inside to batters. Dusty Baker received the following advice from Hank Aaron about facing Gibson: "'Don't dig in against Bob Gibson, he'll knock you down. He'd knock down his own grandmother if she dared to challenge him. Don't stare at him, don't smile at him, don't talk to him. He doesn't like it. If you happen to hit a home run, don't run too slow, don't run too fast. If you happen to want to celebrate, get in the tunnel first. And if he hits you, don't charge the mound, because he's a Gold Glove boxer.' I'm like, 'Damn, what about my 17-game hitting streak?' That was the night it ended."[24]

Dick Allen stated that, "Bob Gibson was so mean he would knock you down and then meet you at home plate to see if you wanted to make something of it."

Gibson showed no mercy, even to players he liked. Gibson's closest friend on the Cardinals was first baseman Bill White, who was later traded to the Philadelphia Phillies. The first time White batted against Gibson as a Phillie, Gibson hit him on the arm with a fastball (there were no hard feelings, and the friends had dinner together that night).

Gibson was surly and brusque even with his teammates. When his catcher Tim McCarver went to the mound for a conference, Gibson brushed him off, saying "The only thing you know about pitching is you can't hit it."

Gibson maintained this image even into retirement. In 1992, an Old-Timers' game was played at Jack Murphy Stadium in San Diego as part of the All-Star Game festivities, and Reggie Jackson hit a home run off Gibson. When the Old-Timers' Day game was played in 1993, the 57-year-old Gibson threw the 47-year-old Jackson a brushback pitch. The pitch was not especially fast and did not hit Jackson, but the message was delivered, and Jackson did not get a hit.

Once, while providing commentary for a Cardinal baseball game on radio station KMOX, Gibson was queried by fellow announcer and former Cardinal, Mike Shannon, as to how Gibson might have faced home run king Babe Ruth. Shannon referred to Ruth's pointing to the centerfield bleachers (an indication that Ruth would hit the ball into the bleachers), to which Gibson responded, "If a batter ever pointed to the bleachers in front of me, he'd have some sore ribs.".

Gibson casually disregards his reputation for intimidation, though, saying that he made no concerted effort to seem intimidating. He recently joked that the only reason he made faces while pitching was because he needed glasses and could not see the catcher's signals which is given credence since Cardinal's catchers went to tapping for signals instead of the more usual hand signs.[25]

Honors

Statue of Gibson outside Busch Stadium.
CardsRetired45.PNG
Bob Gibson's number 45 was retired by the St. Louis Cardinals in 1981

His number 45 is retired by the St. Louis Cardinals, and in 1981, he was inducted into the Baseball Hall Of Fame.[26]

In 1999, he ranked Number 31 on The Sporting News' list of the 100 Greatest Baseball Players, and was elected to the Major League Baseball All-Century Team.[27]

He has a star on the St. Louis Walk of Fame.[28] A bronze statue of Gibson by Harry Weber is located in front of Busch Stadium, commemorating Gibson along with other St. Louis Cardinals greats.

In 2004, he was named as the most intimidating pitcher of all time from the Fox Sports Net series The Sports List.

The street on the north side of Rosenblatt Stadium, home of the College World Series in his hometown of Omaha, is named Bob Gibson Boulevard.

Statistics

Seasons G GS CG W L PCT ERA SHO IP H ER HR BB SO WHIP O-AVE O-OBP O-SLG ERA+
17 (1959-1975) 528 482 255 251 174 .591 2.91 56 3,884.1 3,279 1,258 257 1,336 3,117 1.19 .228 .297 .325 127

See also

References

David Halberstam's October 1964 (ISBN 0-679-43338-4; reprint ISBN 0-449-98367-6).

External links

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f Bob Gibson at Baseball Reference
  2. ^ a b c Bob Gibson at the Major League Baseball Hall of Fame
  3. ^ Hall Of Famer Defends Inside Pitches To Batter, by Art Spander, Baseball Digest, November 1987, Vol. 46, No. 11, ISSN 0005-609X
  4. ^ Bob Gibson at Hoopedia
  5. ^ a b c Bob Gibson at the Baseball Page
  6. ^ Bob Gibson at Baseball Almanac
  7. ^ National League Gold Glove Award winners at Baseball Reference
  8. ^ World Series Most Valuable Player Awards at Baseball Reference
  9. ^ National League Cy Young Award winners at Baseball Reference
  10. ^ 1964 World Series Game 7 box score at Baseball reference
  11. ^ 1967 National League Team Statistics and Standings at Baseball Reference
  12. ^ 1967 St. Louis Cardinals statistics at Baseball Reference
  13. ^ 1967 World Series at Baseball Reference
  14. ^ 1967 World Series Game 7 box score at Baseball Reference
  15. ^ 1968 National League Pitching Leaders at Baseball Reference
  16. ^ 1968 National League Most Valuable Player Award voting results at Baseball Reference
  17. ^ September 17, 1968 Cardinals-Giants box score at Baseball Reference
  18. ^ All-time and Single-Season World Series Pitching Leaders at Baseball Reference
  19. ^ 1968 World Series Game 1 box score at Baseball Reference
  20. ^ May 12, 1969 Dodgers-Cardinals box score at Baseball Reference
  21. ^ August 14, 1971 Cardinals-Pirates box score at Baseball Reference
  22. ^ August 14, 1971 Cardinals-Pirates box score at Baseball Almanac
  23. ^ www.retrosheet.org
  24. ^ www.boston.com
  25. ^ www.stlpublicradio.org
  26. ^ Cardinals Retired Numbers at MLB.com
  27. ^ Major League Baseball All-Century Team at mlb.com
  28. ^ St. Louis Walk of Fame inductees
Awards and achievements
Preceded by
Frank Robinson
Don Drysdale
Bill Singer
Major League Player of the Month
September, 1964
June & July, 1968
August 1970
Succeeded by
Joe Torre
Pete Rose
Willie Stargell
Preceded by
Sandy Koufax
Frank Robinson
World Series MVP
1964
1967
Succeeded by
Sandy Koufax
Mickey Lolich
Preceded by
Sandy Koufax
Babe Ruth Award
1964
Succeeded by
Sandy Koufax
Preceded by
Phil Niekro
National League ERA Champion
1968
Succeeded by
Juan Marichal
Preceded by
Jim Bunning
National League Strikeout Champion
1968
Succeeded by
Fergie Jenkins
Preceded by
Mike McCormick
Tom Seaver
National League Cy Young Award
1968
1970
Succeeded by
Tom Seaver
Ferguson Jenkins
Preceded by
Orlando Cepeda
National League Most Valuable Player
1968
Succeeded by
Willie McCovey
Preceded by
Tom Seaver
National League Wins Champion
1970
(with Gaylord Perry)
Succeeded by
Ferguson Jenkins
Preceded by
Bobby Shantz
National League Gold Glove Award (P)
1965-1973
Succeeded by
Andy Messersmith

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