bocce

Bocce

Bocce players scoring a match
Highest governing body	International Bocce Federation
Nickname(s)	Bocci
First played	Ancient Rome
Characteristics
Contact	non-contact
Team members	individual
Categorization	boules
Equipment	bocce (ball) & pallino (jack)
Olympic	non-Olympic

Italian men playing Bocce in San Giorgio a Cremano, Naples, Italy

Bocce play in Cape Coral, Florida in 2007

Bocce (sometimes anglicized as bocci or boccie)^{[1][2][3][4][5]} is a ball sport belonging to the boules sport family, closely related to bowls and pétanque with a common ancestry from ancient games played in the Roman Empire. Developed into its present form in Italy, (where it is called Bocce, the plural of the Italian word boccia which means "bowl"),^[6] it is played around Europe and also in overseas areas that have received Italian migrants, including Australia, North America, and South America (where it is known as bochas; bolas criollas in Venezuela, bocha (the sport) in Brazil), initially among the migrants themselves but slowly becoming more popular with their descendants and the wider community. The sport is also very popular in Slovenia (known as balinanje^[7]) and Croatia (under the name of boćanje or simply boće, originating in Italian boccie^[8][9]). In Southern France the sport is also popular and known as Boule Lyonnaise.

Rules and play

Bocce is traditionally played on natural soil and asphalt courts 27.5 metres (90 ft) in length and 2.5 to 4 metres (8.2 to 13 ft) wide.^[10] Bocce balls can be made of metal^[11] or various kinds of plastic. Unlike lawn bowls, bocce balls are spherical and have no inbuilt bias. A game can be conducted between two players, or two teams of two, three, or four. A match is started by a randomly chosen side being given the opportunity to throw a smaller ball, the jack (called a boccino or pallino in some areas), from one end of the court into a zone 5 metres (16 ft) in length, ending 2.5 metres (8.2 ft) from the far end of the court. If the first team misses twice, the other team is awarded the opportunity to place the jack anywhere they choose within the prescribed zone.

The side that first attempted to place the jack is given the opportunity to bowl first. Once the first bowl has taken place, the other side has the opportunity to bowl. From then on, the side which does not have the ball closest to the jack has a chance to bowl, up until one side or the other has used their four balls. At that point, the other side bowls its remaining balls. The team with the closest ball to the jack is the only team that can score points in any frame. The scoring team receives one point for each of their balls that is closer to the jack than the closest ball of the other team. The length of a game varies by region but is typically from 7 to 13 points.^[12]

Players are permitted to throw the ball in the air using an underarm action. This is generally used to knock either the jack or another ball away to attain a more favorable position. Tactics can get quite complex when players have sufficient control over the ball to throw or roll it accurately.

Video of the sport of bocce

Player of the 20th Century

A bocce player of note is Umberto Granaglia (May 20, 1931 – December 13, 2008), who was awarded the honor of "Player of the Twentieth Century" by the Confédération Mondiale des Sports de Boules.^[13] Between 1957 and 1980 Granaglia won a record 13 World Championships, 12 European Championship titles, and 46 Italian National Championships.^[14]

See also

Bocce being played

• Boccia
• Bowls
• Fédération Internationale de Boules
• Pétanque

References

External links

• BocceVolo.com - World Class Bocce
• Confederation Mondiale des Sports de Boules
• International Bocce Federation (FIB)