(medicine) Temporary narrowing of the bronchi due to violent, involuntary contraction of the smooth muscle of the bronchi.
Bronchospasm
| Sci-Tech Dictionary: bronchospasm |
(′bräŋ·kō′spaz·əm)
| 5min Related Video: Bronchospasm |
| Dental Dictionary: bronchospasm |
(brong′kō-spaz′əm)
n
n
A spasmodic contraction of the muscular coat of the bronchial tubes such as occurs in asthma.
| Sports Science and Medicine: bronchospasm |
A sudden contraction of the smooth muscle lining a bronchiole, restricting airflow in and out of the lungs. It may be triggered by an allergen, as in asthma, or it may be associated with bronchitis.
| Veterinary Dictionary: bronchospasm |
Bronchial spasm; spasmodic contraction of the muscular coat of the smaller divisions of the bronchi, such as occurs in asthma.
| Wikipedia: Bronchospasm |
Bronchospasm or a bronchial spasm is a sudden constriction of the muscles in the walls of the bronchioles. It is caused by the release (degranulation) of substances from mast cells or basophils under the influence of anaphylatoxins. It causes difficulty in breathing which can be very mild to severe.
Bronchospasms appear as the feature of asthma, chronic bronchitis, anaphylaxis, as a possible side-effect of the drug pilocarpine (which is used to treat illness resulting from the ingestion of deadly nightshade as well as other things) and also as a side effect for beta blockers (used to treat hypertension) and other drugs.
Bronchospasms are one of several conditions associated with cold housing.[1]
Some of the things that can cause bronchospasms are consuming foods, taking medicines or getting insect bites or stings when one is allergic to them.
A few of the more common allergens are foods such as eggs, milk, peanuts, tree and other nuts, fish, especially shellfish, soy and wheat; insect bites and stings, especially bee stings; and other medicines, especially penicillin and its derivatives.
The overactivity of the bronchioles' muscle is a result of exposure to a stimulus which under normal circumstances would cause little or no response. The resulting constriction and inflammation causes a narrowing of the airways and an increase in mucus production; this reduces the amount of oxygen that is available to the individual causing breathlessness, coughing and hypoxia.
Bronchospasms are a serious potential complication of placing a breathing tube during general anesthesia. When the airways spasm or constrict in response to the irritating stimulus of the breathing tube, it is difficult to maintain the airway and the patient can become apneic.
References
- ^ Marsh et al. (2000), "Housing Deprivation and Health: A Longitudinal Analysis", Housing Studies 15 (3), p. 413
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 | Sci-Tech Dictionary. McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms. Copyright © 2003, 1994, 1989, 1984, 1978, 1976, 1974 by McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Dental Dictionary. Mosby's Dental Dictionary. Copyright © 2004 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Sports Science and Medicine. The Oxford Dictionary of Sports Science & Medicine. Copyright © Michael Kent 1998, 2006, 2007. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Veterinary Dictionary. Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary 3rd Edition. Copyright © 2007 by D.C. Blood, V.P. Studdert and C.C. Gay, Elsevier. All rights reserved. Read more |
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