Buerger`s disease tends to be associated with smokers, particularly those who smoke heavily. It seems to be an auto-immune reaction to some chemical in tobacco which triggers the body to attack itself.

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Approximately 40% of the patients have a history of inflammation of a vein (phlebitis), which may play a role in the development of Buerger's disease.

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Smoking is the only known causative agent for this disease and should be avoided.