- A heavy, driver-operated machine for clearing and grading land, usually having continuous treads and a broad hydraulic blade in front.
- An overbearing person; a bully.
bulldozer
Dictionary:
bull·doz·er (bʊl'dō'zər)  |
n.
| How Products are Made: How is a bulldozer made? |
Background
Popularized in the 1920s and used heavily ever since, the bulldozer, commonly termed a dozer, is a clear offspring of the crawler tractor. Used in conjunction with other earthmoving vehicles, the bulldozer is a powerful and necessary tool utilized in almost every construction site in the world.
Primarily manufactured in the United States by Caterpillar, John Deere, and Case Tractor Company, the bulldozer provides for many industrial applications such as construction, waste management, and farming.
Raw Materials
Bulldozers and crawlers, characterized for their immense blade and versatile track, are comprised of many structural, hydraulic, and engine assemblies. The core body of the bulldozer, consisting of the mainframe and undercarriage, is primarily fabricated from low carbon structural steel plates and a giant casting. The cab contains many glass, rubber, and plastic components which enhance the ergonomic feel of the machine. Supplying the power for the dozer and its various systems, the engine contains many high strength steel parts, which endure high operating temperatures. The other necessary components, the blade, power train, and various systems components, are formed from structural and high carbon steel. The track, which is fashioned from many standard grade steel links, adds to the already tremendous weight of this mostly steel machine. Once the dozer is filled with fuel, hydraulic fluid, coolant, oil, and other types of fluids, its weight increases by several hundred pounds. Decorative trim, decals, and paint complete the dozer's aesthetics and add distinctive appeal.
Design
Two distinct features characterize the bulldozer, the long, vertical steel blade in the front of the vehicle and the rotating twin tracks, which facilitate the bulldozer movement. The blade, which can weigh up to 16,000 lb (7,264 kg), is useful for pushing material from one spot to another. Perpendicular to the ground, the curved blade is attached to the frame by a long lever arm that can tilt and move up and down under hydraulic power.
The familiar flexible track of a bulldozer is widely utilized in industrial machinery equipment and military tanks. In fact, some farming tractors are considered to be cousins to the bulldozer, since they also utilize the flexible track instead of standard wheels. Steel links, sometimes more than 2 ft (61 cm) in length, are connected with lubricated pins to provide for fluid motion and stability. Moreover, many bulldozers have incorporated an elevated sprocket design which suspends the power train, and thereby, improves its reactivity to the terrain. The diesel engine of the bulldozer can generate anywhere from 50-700 horsepower, so rough terrain and steep slopes are not a problem for this machine.
Mounted above the flexible track, the operator cabin contains the complex hydraulic mechanisms, which power the blade in a limited vertical range. The cabin design has seen many improvements in operator comfort and ergonomics and has provided for many improved automotive features, such as air conditioning, AM/FM radio, automatic seat adjustments, electronic controls, and systems-monitoring equipment. In these areas of dozer design, the engineering and research that precedes the manufacturing mimic the automotive industry in many ways.
The power train includes the transmission, differential, and gears that rotate the track. Coupled to the engine crankshaft, the power train will transmit power from the engine to the elevated sprocket gear. Many new bulldozers have independent steering, which allows each sprocket to rotate at full power even while one is rotating slower as the dozer is in a turn. Other innovations in recent years include differential steering, hydraulic power, and planetary gear transmissions.
The Manufacturing
Process
The bulldozer, a seemingly endless network of bulky steel components, complex systems, and intricate assemblies, begins its manufacturing process on an assembly line. Prior to final assembly, much machining, fabrication, and sub-assembly must take place. Manufacturing begins with engineering prints and drawings taken from a computer-aided drafting (CAD) program that outlines the method of construction for each component part. Some of these programs can be used to set up machines for which most of the manufacturing will take place, that is, in fabrication cells, large machining centers, and sub-assembly lines. This is called computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) and is used to produce the components and assemblies that join together on the main line. Some of these components will then undergo heat treating, annealing, or painting after their respective fabrication cell, sub-assembly line, or machining center step. An overhead conveyor system will then transport the pieces through the rough paint or powder coating operation and lift them to the main assembly line, where they arrive in time to be assembled. These pieces may also be transported by lift truck, hand cart, or floor conveyor to arrive at the staging area before they are assembled to the bulldozer.
Mainframe core
- The mainframe core, which forms the rigid inner body, is cut from steel plate and structural shaped, so that it easily resists high impact shock loads and torsional forces normally incurred by the dozer. The main structural skeleton, formed through the welding of steel plates to machined casting, is comprised of two boxed-in rail sections connected to the main casing. The fabrication is normally performed in a fabrication cell, where the burned plate arrives ready to be mounted into fixtures and manually or robotically welded to the stationary central casting. Far too massive to be lifted by hand, the frames are then transported by overhead crane to different stations, where steel mounting blocks and trunions, or cross members, are welded on as a support for the other components of the bulldozer. Once completed, the frame is rotary sanded on all plated surfaces and sent to the paint booth and the main assembly line.
Diesel engine and transmission
- At the assembly line, the independently manufactured diesel engine and transmission join the mainframe. The engine is usually purchased completely assembled as it is a complex system with machined components that can be used in many different vehicular applications. In fact, the engine (which has been subjected to various performance tests) is certified to operate on arrival. The engine mounts in the front of the bulldozer; however, it is connected to the transmission, which sits in the back. The two are connected by a long shaft and supported by couplings and bearings. The transmission is then connected to a series of gears and differentials to comprise the rest of the power train. By mounting on pads previously welded to the frame, the engine/transmission assembly can be bolted directly to the base on the main assembly line.
Radiator and additional assemblies
- On the front of the bulldozer, an engine casing is mounted to support the radiator and hydraulic lifting cylinders. The radiator, another finished assembly, will then sit between the engine casing and mount to the front drive shaft. Connections can then be made to attach water lines from the engine to the radiator. Additional assemblies for the hydraulic, lubrication, cooling, and fuel systems are also constructed at other locations and purchased as a finished assembly ready to be fastened directly to the engine or base. These include hydraulic lines composed of tubes, hoses, and fittings pre-assembled and mounted on the engine or frame and connected to pumps, valves, tanks, and cylinders, each of which can be brought to the main assembly line as a finished component. Fuel, exhaust, hydraulic, and coolant lines also arrive ready for assembly and mate to other finished components. Many of these components and sub-assemblies must be inspected and approved for dimensional compliance at an incoming inspection station prior to assembly.
Large component assembly
As the entire assembly of the frame, engine, transmission, and line groups move along the main production line, larger assemblies and components are brought in by overhead cranes, overhead conveyors, automatic guided vehicles (AGV), or lift trucks. These components include the cab, larger hydraulic cylinders, undercarriage components, and the front blade.
- The cab, which can also be purchased as a finished assembly, is usually manufactured at a different facility and shipped for assembly. Usually complete in its array of electronics and controls, the cab will be mounted on steel blocks or pads located on the dozer frame. After mounting, connections will be made to the various controls, and power can supplied to the fully functioning cab.
- Concurrent with the engine/transmission mounting, the undercarriage, composed of tubular roller frames, drive sprockets, and bogey independent suspension rollers, will be mounted on the frame and assembled to the drive train. The axle assembly will turn the outer sprockets that rotate the track, allowing the vehicle to maneuver. The sprockets, typically 2 ft (61 cm) in diameter, will fit into the track with case hardened teeth, which move the track as they rotate. In many manufacturing operations, the undercarriage can be machined, assembled, and painted in the same facility as the main assembly line, but various smaller components like bearings and lubrication bushings need to be outsourced to other facilities or outside contractors. The track, which is often pre-assembled from machined steel links, can be fitted around the drive sprockets, rollers, and front/back guide gears only after the engine/transmission and undercarriage components are in place. The exhaust stack, attached directly to the engine, is supported by brackets and flanges at its base.
- After the cab controls are connected to the engine and hydraulic systems, prefabricated cowlings or body panels are mounted directly on the base frame to cover the engine, transmission, radiator, and fluid lines. The body panels are designed to fold back, making the inside of the dozer easily accessible for regular maintenance. They are assembled into hinges already fastened to structural supports. Tooling and storage compartments may also be built into the dozer once the lines have all been connected. Deck plates lie around the cabin and are welded to support brackets.
- The front blade is attached to hydraulic cylinders, which can position the blade at different angles of tilt. The cylinders, each comprised of a hardened steel piston inside a honed cylinder, are attached at one end to engine casing in the front of the bulldozer to move the blade vertically. Initially in the assembly process, the cylinders are left unattached at the one end until the roll formed steel blade is assembled, and then hydraulic lines can be fitted and tightened. The lower end of the blade is attached at two joints with large steel pins which rotate and tilt the blade with two more cylinders. Arms extending from the undercarriage are attached to the blade and then are assembled along with the other undercarriage components.
Final assemblies
- Once the dozer has been outfitted with its primary components, more hoses, electrical lines, and fluid lines are attached at fitted connections. Items such as the batteries, which are connected to the starter on the engine, lie underneath a cowling in a compartment located near the engine. Lights, one of the last items installed on the dozer, will be placed in a number of different areas and connected to their power source. In addition, hand or guard rails and foot pegs are bolted on the frame which complete main line assembly.
Paint
- At Caterpillar's Track-Type Tractor (TTT) division located in Peoria, Illinois, Caterpillar bulldozers and crawlers use the same paint and final prep lines as many other tracked vehicles. Applied manually with spray guns, the final paint booth will deliver paint to any area not blocked off with paper or plastic wrapping. The paint dries quickly and the bulldozer will move to the next station where decals and trim are applied by hand templates.
Fluids
- Various fluids are added, and the vehicle is then sent to a testing station where the operation of all systems is mechanically verified and recorded. The vehicle is transported from the manufacturing site to a staging area for customization and shipping. The completed bulldozer is shipped on a flat bed trailer and is ready for field operation upon arrival.
Byproducts/Waste
Waste produced by the manufacturing operations may include machining coolants, oils, parts-cleaning detergents, paint, and diesel fuel. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) places strict regulations on manufacturers to mandate that these potentially harmful liquids are disposed of in a proper manner. Companies contract a waste removal firm to recycle most of the liquid waste. Metal chips and shavings are recycled and sold to scrap dealers in an effort to reduce waste.
The Future
Bulldozers consistently undergo component design modernization efforts, and innovations appear inevitable. Improvements in cab comfort and diesel engine efficiency will probably be the driving force for many of these changes, while design and operational changes will be limited to individual components. In spite of the fact these enhancements in both the manufacturing process and streamlining of material flow will probably not change the face of bulldozers, costs may improve. Therefore, as a useful member of any earth-moving team, the bulldozer will continue to serve a unique purpose in building construction, waste management, and many industries.
Where to Learn More
Books
D7R Track-Type Tractor Specifications. Caterpillar, 1996.
D9R Track-Type Tractor Specifications. Caterpillar, 1995.
DllR Track-Type Tractor Specifications. Caterpillar, 1996.
[Article by: Jason Rude]
| Thesaurus: bulldozer |
noun
- One who is habitually cruel to smaller or weaker people: browbeater, bully, hector, intimidator. Archaic brave. See over/under.
| Word Origin: bulldozer |
Origin: 1930
The bulldozer as we know it, "a large caterpillar tractor with a plow on the front end for moving earth," pushed its way into our vocabulary by 1930. It was noted in the magazine Water Works and Sewerage for June of that year: "The bulldozer is built for heavy duty." The name suggests a machine with the strength of a bull.
However, the first bulldozers back in the 1870s were not machines at all, nor bulls. They were people who could be said to give others a dose of maltreatment fit for a bull. In Louisiana during Reconstruction, bulldozers were racist bullies. According to an account in a New York newspaper of 1877, they were "an organization of armed white men, whose ostensible business it is to keep the Negroes from stealing the cotton crop. On election day, however, the 'Bulldozers' go gunning for Negroes who manifest a disposition to vote the Republican ticket." That year the Congressional Record reported, "A band of bull-dozers came into Saint Francisville [Louisiana], and by their yelling and hallooing...put the entire inhabitants in a mortal terror."
But bulldozing was not confined to the South, nor to racist attacks. In 1892, for example, the Louisville Courier-Journal wrote, "The people of Louisville...will never surrender their rights to Johnny Davenport's proposed gang of ballot-box stuffers and bulldozers." And politicians declared that they should not, or would not, be bulldozed.
Bulldozer so effectively describes the force of the modern machine, able to overpower the resistance of the earth in a way that pick and shovel could never do, that it is no wonder that the term was appropriated for the earthmoving engine. To bulldoze still means "to intimidate, to push through regardless of opposition." But because someone chose to give the name bulldozer to a machine, we no longer associate the word with mean-spirited humans.
| Architecture: bulldozer |
A tractor or other prime mover equipped with a blade attached by arms or brackets to its front end; used in pushing or piling earth or rock.
 |
| Wikipedia: Bulldozer |
For other uses, see Bulldozer (disambiguation).
 |
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2008) |
A bulldozer is a crawler (caterpillar tracked tractor), equipped with a substantial metal plate (known as a blade), used to push large quantities of soil, sand, rubble, etc., during construction work. The term "bulldozer" is often used to mean any heavy equipment (sometimes a loader and sometimes an excavator), but precisely, the term refers only to a tractor (usually tracked) fitted with a dozer blade. That is the meaning used here.
Contents |
History
The first bulldozers were adapted from Holt farm tractors that were used to plough fields. Their versatility in soft ground for logging and road building led directly to their becoming the armoured tank in World War I.
In 1923, a young farmer named James Cummings and a draftsman named J. Earl McLeod made the first designs for a bulldozer. A replica is on display at the city park in Morrowville, Kansas where the two built the first bulldozer.[1]
By the 1920s, tracked vehicles became common, particularly the Caterpillar 60. To dig canals, raise earth dams, and do other earthmoving jobs, these tractors were equipped with a large thick metal plate in front. This metal plate (it got its curved shape later) is called a "blade". The blade peels layers of soil and pushes it forward as the tractor advances. In some early models the driver sat on top in the open without a cabin. There are three main types of bulldozer blades: a U-blade for pushing and carrying dirt relatively long distances, a straight blade for "knocking down" and spreading piles of dirt, and a brush rake for removing brush and roots. These attachments (home-built or built by small equipment manufacturers of attachments for wheeled and crawler tractors and trucks) appeared by 1929. Widespread acceptance of the bull-grader does not seem to appear before the mid-1930s. The addition of power down-force provided by hydraulic cylinders instead of just the weight of the blade made them the preferred excavation machine for large and small contractors alike by the 1940s, by which time the term "bulldozer" referred to the entire machine and not just the attachment.
Over the years, bulldozers got bigger and more powerful in response to the demand for equipment suited for ever larger earthworks. Firms like Caterpillar, Komatsu, Fiat-Allis, John Deere, International Harvester, Case, Liebherr, Terex, and JCB manufactured large tracked-type earthmoving machines.
Bulldozers grew more sophisticated as time passed. Important improvements include drivetrains analogous to (in automobiles) an automatic transmission instead of a manual transmission, blades controlled by hydraulic cylinders instead of early models' cable winch/brake, and automatic grade control. Hydraulic cylinders enabled more precise manipulation of the blade and automated controls.
Bulldozers can be equipped with a rear attachment.
The most common attachment is a ripper to loosen densely-compacted soils. A large bulldozer usually has only one shank on the ripper, and a small bulldozer usually has multiple shanks. Each shank has a replaceable tooth on its end.
A less common attachment is a stumpbuster, which is a single spike that protrudes horizontally and can be raised to get it (mostly) out of the way. A stumpbuster is used to split a tree stump. A bulldozer with a stumpbuster is used for landclearing operations, and probably has a brush-rake blade.
A more recent innovation is the outfitting of bulldozers with GPS technology, such as manufactured by Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc., Trimble Inc, Leica Geosystems or Mikrofyn for precise grade control and (potentially) "stakeless" construction.
The best known maker of bulldozers is probably Caterpillar in the USA, which earned its reputation by making tough, durable, reliable machines. Komatsu JCB and John Deere are present-day competitors. Although these machines began as modified farm tractors, they became the mainstay for big civil construction projects, and found their way into use by military construction units worldwide. The best known model, the Caterpillar D9, was also used to clear mines and demolish enemy structures.
History of the word
- 1800s: term used in engineering for a horizontal forging press.
- 1886: "bulldozer" meant a large-caliber pistol and the person who wielded it. [2]
- Around 1880: In the USA, a "bull-dose" was a large and efficient dose of any sort of medicine or punishment. 'Bull-dosing' meant a severe whipping or coercion, or other intimidation such as at gunpoint. [2]
- Late 1800s: "bulldozing" meant using big force to push over or through any obstacle. [2]
- 1930s: applied to the vehicle.
These appeared as early as 1929, but were known as "bull grader" blades, and the term "bulldozer blade" did not appear to come into widespread use until the mid 1930s, and now refers to the whole machine not just the attachment. In contemporary usage, "bulldozer" is often shortened to "dozer".
Description
Most often, bulldozers are large and powerful tracked heavy equipment. The tracks give them excellent ground hold and mobility through very rough terrain. Wide tracks help distribute the bulldozer's weight over large area (decreasing pressure), thus preventing it from sinking in sandy or muddy ground. Extra wide tracks are known as 'swamp tracks'. Bulldozers have excellent ground hold and a torque divider designed to convert the engine's power into improved dragging ability. The Caterpillar D9, for example, can easily tow tanks that weigh more than 70 tons. Because of these attributes, bulldozers are used to clear areas of obstacles, shrubbery, burnt vehicles, and remains of structures.
Sometimes a bulldozer is used to push another piece of earthmoving equipment known as a "scraper". The towed Fresno Scraper, invented in 1883 by James Porteous, was the first design to enable this to be done economically, removing the soil from the cut and depositing it elsewhere on shallow ground (fill). Many dozer blades have a reinforced center section with this purpose in mind, and are called "bull blades."
The bulldozer's primary tools are the blade and the ripper.
Ripper
The ripper is the long claw-like device on the back of the bulldozer. Rippers can come singly (single shank/giant ripper) or in groups of two or more (multi shank rippers). Usually, a single shank is preferred for heavy ripping. The ripper shank is fitted with a replaceable tungsten steel alloy tip.
Ripping rock lets the ground surface rock be broken into small rubble easy to handle and transport, which can then be removed so grading can take place. Agricultural ripping lets rocky or very hard earth (such as podzol hardpan) be broken up so otherwise unploughable land can be farmed. For example, much of the best land in the California wine country consists of old lava flows. With heavy bulldozers the lava is shattered, allowing agriculture. Also, hard earth can be ripped and decompacted to allow planting of orchards where trees could not otherwise grow.
Blade
The bulldozer blade is a heavy metal plate on the front of the tractor, used to push objects, and shoving sand, soil and debris. Dozer blades usually come in three varieties:
- A Straight Blade ("S-Blade") which is short and has no lateral curve, no side wings, and can be used for fine grading.
- A Universal Blade ("U-Blade") which is tall and very curved, and has large side wings to carry more material.
- A "S-U" combination blade which is shorter, has less curvature, and smaller side wings. This blade is typically used for pushing piles of large rocks, such as at a quarry.
In military use, dozer blades are fixed on combat engineering vehicles and can optionally be fitted on other vehicles, such as artillery tractors like the Type 73 or M8 Tractor. Dozer blades can also be mounted on Main battle tanks, where it can be used to clear antitank obstacles, mines, and dig improvised shelters. Combat applications for dozer blades include clearing battlefield obstacles and preparing fire positions.[3]
Modifications
Bulldozers have been further modified over time to evolve into new machines which can work in ways that the original bulldozer cannot.
One example is that loader tractors were created by removing the blade and substituting a large volume bucket and hydraulic arms which can raise and lower the bucket, thus making it useful for scooping up earth and loading it into trucks, these are often known as a Drott.
Other modifications to the original bulldozer include making it smaller to let it operate in small work areas where movement is limited, such as in mining. A very small bulldozer is sometimes called a calfdozer.[4]
Some lightweight form of bulldozer are commonly used in snow removal and as a tool for preparing winter sports areas for ski and snowboard sports.
Nevertheless, the original earthmoving bulldozers are still irreplaceable as their tasks are concentrated in deforestation, earthmoving, ground levelling, and road carving. Heavy bulldozers are mainly employed to level the terrain to prepare it for construction. The construction, however, is mainly done by small bulldozers and loader tractors.
Armored bulldozers
Main article: Armored bulldozers
Some bulldozers, especially bulldozers in military usage, have been fitted with armor to protect the driver from enemy fire, enabling the bulldozer to operate in battle zones. The best-known use of an armored bulldozer is probably the use by the Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) of the IDF Caterpillar D9, for earth moving, clearing terrain obstacles, opening routes, detonating explosive charges and demolishing structures whilst under fire. The extensive use of armored bulldozers during the Second Intifada drew controversy and criticism from human rights organizations while military experts saw it as a key factor in reducing IDF casualties.
Some bulldozers have been fitted with armor by non-government civilian operators to prevent bystanders or police from interfering with the work performed by the bulldozer, as in the case of strikes or demolition of condemned buildings. This has also been done by civilians with a dispute with the authorities, such as Marvin Heemeyer, who outfitted his Komatsu D355A bulldozer with homemade armor to then demolish government buildings.
Rio de Janeiro's police elite squad BOPE have recently acquired one bulldozer of military purposes to open routes and make way for the police in Rio de Janeiro's slums which are controlled, and blocked, by drugdealers.[5] They've nicknamed it "the skull's transformer", the skull being a reference to how they call themselves, "the skulls".
Education
The National Association of Heavy Equipment Training Schools (NAHETS), established 2002, uses practical tests and theory training schools as a method to teach bulldozer users safe and practical operational skills.
Uses
Bulldozers can be found on a wide range of small scale and large construction sites, mines and quarries, military bases, heavy industry factories, and large governmental and public Engineering projects as well as farming.
See also
- Civil Engineering
- Demining - used for land mine clearance
- Mining Simulation
- National Association of Heavy Equipment Training Schools – US educational organisation
- ACCO super bulldozer >Site about the biggest bulldozer ever built.
Derivative word uses
- The bulldozer shrimp is a tropical sea shrimp so named because it spends much of its time pushing sand out of the hole in which it stays.
- Tracked Loaders (also known as Crawler Loaders) are sometimes incorrectly referred to as bulldozers because of the similarity in design.
- The "Bulldozer" is a popular mixed drink consisting of one shot of Jägermeister and a half can of Red Bull. The drink is also known as a "Jäger Bomb".
- Bill Dauterive (from the TV series King of the Hill) was known as "the Billdozer" on the Arlen, Texas High School football team due to his size and strength as a defensive lineman.
References
- ^ "World's First Bulldozer". http://www.kansasphototour.com/bulldoze.htm. Retrieved 2008-03-01.
- ^ a b c "History of the Bulldozer". http://inventors.about.com/od/bstartinventions/a/bulldozer.htm. Retrieved 2008-12-17.
- ^ Trewhitt, Philip (1999). Armoured Fighting Vehicles. Dempsey-Parr. ISBN 1-84084-328-4.
- ^ Google search for images of calfdozers
- ^ http://noticias.uol.com.br/cotidiano/2009/08/12/ult5772u4933.jhtm
External links
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Bulldozer |
- Dozer Blade Manufacturer - Leon's Mfg. Company Inc
- The mechanism of a bulldozer (Short illustrated explanations, with flash animations, fit for kids)
- Van Natta BulldozersFurther information about working bulldozers
- Images of Calf dozer
- Old engine Buldozer pages photos
- more photos
- Chetra - Russian bulldozer
This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)
| Translations: Bulldozer |
Dansk (Danish)
n. - bulldozer, rydningstraktor
Nederlands (Dutch)
bulldozer, bullebak
Français (French)
n. - bulldozer, bulldozer (en parlant d'une personne) (fam)
Deutsch (German)
n. - Planierraupe
Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - μπουλντόζα, εκσκαφέας
Português (Portuguese)
n. - escavadora (f) para terraplenagem
Español (Spanish)
n. - rasador, tractor nivelador
Svenska (Swedish)
n. - bulldozer, bandschaktare, tyrann
中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
推土机, 恐吓者
中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 推土機, 恐嚇者
日本語 (Japanese)
n. - ブルドーザー, 脅す人, ごり押しする人
العربيه (Arabic)
(الاسم) جرافه
If you are unable to view some languages clearly, click here.
To select your translation preferences click here.
| Shopping: bulldozer |
Learn More
 | calfdozer |
| stumper |
| tank dozer (ordnance) |
Post a question - any question - to the WikiAnswers community:
Copyrights:
 |
 | Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Read more |
 |
| How Products are Made. How Products are Made. Copyright © 2002 by The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved. Read more |
 |
| Thesaurus. Roget's II: The New Thesaurus, Third Edition by the Editors of the American Heritage® Dictionary Copyright © 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Read more |
|
| Word Origin. America in So Many Words, by David K.Barnhart and Allan A. Metcalf. Copyright © 1997 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Read more |
 |
| Architecture. McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Architecture and Construction. Copyright © 2003 by McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Read more |
 |
| Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Bulldozer". Read more |
 |
| Translations. Copyright © 2007, WizCom Technologies Ltd. All rights reserved. Read more |
ADVERTISEMENT
Mentioned in
- calfdozer
- stumper
- tank dozer (ordnance)
- angle dozer
- bull clam
- dozer shovel
- rake blade (engineering)
- doze
- tilting dozer (mechanical engineering)
- U blades (design engineering)
- crawler
- earthmover
- Library of Sound Effects, Vol. 8 (Album by Various Artists)
- pusher tractor (mining engineering)
