(virology) A family of nonenveloped ribonucleic acid viruses with characteristic hollow surface structures that resemble cups.
Caliciviridae
| Sci-Tech Dictionary: Caliciviridae |
(kə′lē·sē′vī·rə′dē)
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| Dental Dictionary: Caliciviridae |
(kal′isēvir′idā)
n
n
A grouping of nonenveloped, 20-sided RNA viruses, whose most notorious member is the Norwalk gastroenteritis virus, named for the Ohio city where an outbreak was isolated.
| Veterinary Dictionary: Caliciviridae |
A family of viruses that are about 35 nm in diameter, with a capsid, composed of a single major capsid protein of about 60 kilodaltons that carries 32 shallow, cup-like circular indentations and a single-stranded, plus sense RNA genome of about 8 kilobases. The family comprises four genera, Vesivirus that includes feline calicivirus, vesicular exanthema of swine virus, and San Miguel sealion virus, Lagovirus that includes rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus and European Brown hare syndrome virus, Norovirus, a cause of gastroenteritis in humans, and Sapovirus which comprise viruses that primarily cause diarrheic infections in humans and some other animal species.
| Wikipedia: Caliciviridae |
| Caliciviridae | |
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| Virus classification | |
| Group: | Group IV ((+)ssRNA) |
| Family: | Caliciviridae |
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The Caliciviridae family are a family of viruses, members of Class IV of the Baltimore scheme. They are positive-sense, single stranded RNA which is non-segmented. The caliciviruses have been found in a number of organisms such as humans, cattle, pigs, chickens, reptiles, dolphins and amphibians. The caliciviruses have a simple construction and are not enveloped. The capsid appears hexagonal/spherical and has icosahedral symmetry with a diameter of 35-39 nm.
Caliciviruses are not very well studied because they do not grow in culture and there is no suitable animal model. The viral genome has been sequenced.
The name calicivirus is derived from the Latin word calyx meaning cup or goblet. This name is appropriate as many strains have visible cup-shaped depressions.
The Caliciviridae family include the following genera:
- Genus Vesivirus; type species: Vesicular exanthema of swine virus
- Genus Lagovirus; type species: Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus
- Genus Norovirus; type species: Norwalk virus
- Genus Sapovirus; type species: Sapporo virus
Australia and New Zealand, in an effort to control their rabbit populations, have intentionally spread calicivirus.
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Transmission
Transmission of caliciviruses is generally by the fecal-oral route, but they can also be transmitted via the respiratory route.
Human disease
Calicivirus infections commonly cause acute gastroenteritis,which is the inflammation of the stomach and intestines. Symptoms can include vomiting and diarrhoea. These symptoms emerge after an incubation time of 2 days and the symptoms only generally last for 3 days. Most calicivirus infections do not call for medical attention, but those who are immunocompromised may need to be hospitalised for rehydration therapy.
See also
References
- International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses
- MicrobiologyBytes: Caliciviruses
- Human Caliciviruses
- Stanford University
External links
- Caliciviridae (from PATRIC the PathoSystems Resource Integration Center, a NIAID Bioinformatics Resource Center)
- Viralzone: Caliciviridae
This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)
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| Vesivirus |
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| Dental Dictionary. Mosby's Dental Dictionary. Copyright © 2004 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Veterinary Dictionary. Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary 3rd Edition. Copyright © 2007 by D.C. Blood, V.P. Studdert and C.C. Gay, Elsevier. All rights reserved. Read more |
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