The same as it has been used for thousands of years: doing
calculations.
An expert abacus operator can visualise numbers and do
calculations (usually) faster than someone with an electronic
calculator - using an abacus visualised in their head, a skilled
operator can often do calculations faster than with a physical
abacus.
Abaci have the advantage that the batteries don't wear out (as
there aren't any), which makes their use in places with limited
supply of power preferable.