cantonment

For other uses, see Cantonment (disambiguation). See also Canton and Cantonist.

A cantonment (pronounced /kænˈtɒnmənt/, /kænˈtoʊnmənt/, or UK: /kænˈtuːnmənt/) is a temporary or semi-permanent military quarters.^[1] The word cantonment is derived from the French word canton meaning corner or district.^[2] In Southern Asia, the term cantonment also describes permanent military stations.^[1] Cantonments can be found in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, South Africa, Ghana and Sri Lanka. In United States military parlance, a cantonment is an essentially permanent residential (i.e. barracks) section of a fort or other such military installation. See, for example Fort Hood.

The are often abbreviated "cantt."

Campaigning

During a campaign, cantonments are places of encampment formed by troops for a more permanent stay, or while in winter quarters.^[1] For example at the start of the Waterloo campaign in 1815, while the Duke of Wellington's headquarters were in Brussels, most of his Anglo-allied army of 93,000 were cantoned to the south of Brussels.^[3]

List of permanent cantonments

Bangladesh

• Dhaka Cantonment
• Chittagong Cantonment
• Kadirabad Cantonment
• Jahangirabad Cantonment
• Ghatail Cantonment
• Mirpur Cantonment
• Khagrachari Cantonment
• Khulna Cantonment
• Rajshahi Cantonment
• Bogura Cantonment
• Jessore Cantonment
• Rangamati Cantonment
• Savar Cantonment
• Sayedpur Cantonment
• Mymensing Cantonment
• Sylhet Cantonment
• Comilla Cantonment
• Rangpur Cantonment
• Jahanabad Cantonment
• Banderban Cantonment
• Ruma Garrison

Ghana

• Cantonments, Accra

British India

Many cities in the Indian subcontinent, such as Ahmedabad, Belgaum, Bangalore, Ambala, Kanpur, Bathinda, Delhi, Pune, Sialkot and Rawalpindi, contained large cantonments of the former British Indian Army.^[4]. While in the 18th and 19th century cantonments in India were viewed as semi-permanent, by the turn of the 20th century they became permanent garrisons, and were further entrenched as such via the military reforms of Lord Kitchener in 1903 and the Cantonments Act of 1924.^[5]

India

India currently has 62 cantonments in 17 different states, not including smaller 'sub-cantonments' in the same regional area. Majority of Indian cantonments are spread across Northern, Northwestern and Northeastern India. The British Army too was positioned for threats from across India's northern frontiers, as when the Great Game was in play in the 19th century. The vast majority of modern Indian Army cantonments date from the British era, though all have been modernized, expanded and reconfigured to suit modern warfare, training requirements and inter-service considerations. A few have, over the decades, also been dissolved and/or combined with other cantonments. Now the Cantonment Act of 2006 has come into force.

They include:

• Agra Cantonment
• Ahmedabad (Gandhinagar) Cantonment
• Ahmednagar Cantonment, Maharashtra
• Allahabad Cantonment
• Almora Cantonment
• Ambala Cantonment
• Aurangabad cantonment
• Hyderabad Cantonment
• Badami Bagh Cantonment, Srinagar
• Bangalore Cantonment
• Bareilly Cantonment
• Bathinda Cantonment
• Cannanore Cantonment
• Chakrata
• Chandimandir Cantonment, Panchkula (Chandigarh)
• Chennai (Madras) Cantonment
• Dehradun Cantonment (Clement Town)
• Dehradun, New Cantonment ("New Cantt.")
• Delhi Cantonment
• Ferozepur Cantonment
• Hisar Cantt
• Jabalpur Cantonment
• Jaipur Cantonment
• Jalandhar Cantonment
• Jodhpur Cantonment
• Kanpur Cantonment
• Kapurthala Cantonment
• Khadki Cantonment
• Kolkata Cantonment
• Landour (Mussoorie) Cantonment
• Lansdowne, Garhwal
• Lucknow Cantonment
• Mathura Cantonment
• Meerut Cantonment
• Mhow
• Nagpur (Kamptee) Cantonment
• Nagrota Cantonment, Jammu
• Nainital Cantonment
• Nashik Cantonment
• Patna Cantonment
• Pune Cantonment
• Ranikhet Cantonment
• Roorkee Cantonment
• Secunderabad Cantonment
• Shillong Cantonment
• Shimla Cantonment (ARTRAC)
• Tiruchirapalli (Trichy) Cantonment
• Udhampur Cantonment
• Wellington Cantonment

Pakistan

• Abbottabad Cantonment
• Attock Cantonment
• Bannu Cantonment
• Bhawalpur Cantonment
• Chaklala Cantonment
• Clifton Cantonment, Karachi
• Dera Ismail Khan Cantonment
• Faisal Cantonment, Karachi
• Faisalabad Cantonment
• Gujranwala Cantonment
• Hyderabad Cantonment
• Jhelum Cantonment
• Kamra Cantonment
• Karachi Cantonment
• Kharian Cantonment
• Khuzdar Cantonment^[6]
• Korangi Creek Cantonment, Karachi
• Lahore Cantonment ^[5]
• Walton Cantonment: Created out of the southern parts of the original Lahore Cantt.^[5]
• Loralai Cantonment
• Malir Cantonment, Karachi
• Mangla Cantonment
• Manora Cantonment, Karachi
• Mardan Cantonment
• Multan Cantonment
• Murree Cantonment
• Nowshera Cantonment
• Okara Cantonment
• Ormara Cantonment
• Pano Aqil Cantonment
• Peshawar Cantonment ^[7]
• Quetta Cantonment
• Rawalpindi Cantonment
• Sanjwal Cantonment
• Sargodha Cantonment
• Shorkot Cantonment (PAF Rafiqui)
• Sialkot Cantonment
• Taxila Cantonment
• Wah Cantonment
• Zhob Cantonment

Bangladesh

• Dhaka Cantonment
• Mirpur Cantonment
• Savar Cantonment
• Chittagong Cantonemnt
• Khagrachari Cantonemnt
• Rangamati Cantonment
• Jessore Cantonment
• Khulna Cantonment
• Rajshahi Cantonment
• Bogra Cantonment
• Rangpur Cantontment
• Sayedpur Cantonment
• Ghatail Cantonment
• Mymensing Cantonment
• Sylhet Cantonment
• Mainamati (Comilla) Cantonment
• Zamuna satu(Tangail)cantonment

Sri Lanka

• Panagoda Cantonment

See also

• Army Cantonment Board, Pakistan

References

1. ^ ^{a b c} Oxford English Dictionary cantonment
2. ^ Oxford English Dictionary cantonment and canton, v.
3. ^ Encyclopaedia Britannica Eleventh Edition Waterloo Campaign
4. ^ Maya, Jayapal. Bangalore: The Story of a City. East West Books (Madras) Pvt. Ltd
5. ^ ^{a b c} Sheikh, M. O. Lahore Cantonment http://www.geocities.com/momers_termpapers/ss153LahoreCantonment.htm
6. ^ "Military: Khuzdar Cantonment" Global Security
7. ^ Sarhad Conservation Network Reports: Book on Peshawar Cantonment Launched

External links

• Cantonment Boards in India