1) Ribosomes- A small Organelle constructed in the nucleoid,
consisting of two subunits and functions as the site of protein
synthesis in the cytoplasm. They are the free black dots in the
cell diagram. 2) Mesosome- The infolding of a cytoplasmic membrane.
Involved in the separation of chromosomes in reproduction. In the
diagram, it is the black infolding of the cell surface membrane. 3)
Cell Surface Membrane- First, if not only, layer of every living
cell, prokaryotic or eukaryotic, that acts as a selective barrier.
It lets certain substances leave and enter the cell. Regulates the
cell's chemical composition. The third outermost layer in the
diagram. 4) Cell Wall- A protective layer external to the plasma
membrane and internal to the slime capsule in prokaryotes. Also
found in eukaryotes such as plants, fungi, and some protists.
Protects and supports the organism. It is the second outermost
layer in the diagram. 5) Slime Capsule- Secretion by prokaryotes of
sticky substances that form another protective layer outside of the
cell wall. Enable the organisms to adhere to their substrate and
provide additional protection, including an increased resistance of
pathogenic bacteria to host defenses. The outermost layer of the
prokaryotic cell in the diagram above. 6) Flagellum- A long
cellular appendage specialized for locomotion. Formed from a core
of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single
microtubules, ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane. Helps
to move the cell by whipping the appendage back and forth. They are
the long thin strands extending from the cell in the cell diagram.
7) Plasmid- Plasmids are circular, double-stranded DNA molecules
capable of replication within living cells. Although not essential
for the survival of their host, they may encode a wide variety of
genes that increase survival in adverse environmental conditions.
They are not represented in the diagram because they are very
small. 8) Naked Nucleic Acid- They are the DNA usually found in the
nucleus of eukaryotes but in prokaryotes they are in the nucleoid.
Naked Nucleic Acids serve as the genes (chromosomes) that control
the cell. It is the entire pink area in the cell diagram.
