Carrier Wave:
A carrier wave is a high-frequency electromagnetic wave that is used as the "carrier" or the base signal in a modulation process.
It is typically a pure sine wave with a constant frequency and amplitude.
The carrier wave by itself does not carry any information; it serves as a vehicle to carry the information from one location to another.
In AM and FM radio broadcasting, the carrier wave is the primary signal transmitted by the radio station.
Modulated Wave:
A modulated wave is the result of combining the carrier wave with an information signal, such as an audio signal or data.
Modulation is the process of varying the characteristics of the carrier wave (either its amplitude or frequency) in accordance with the information signal.
There are two common types of modulation: Amplitude Modulation (AM) and Frequency Modulation (FM).
In AM, the amplitude of the carrier wave is varied in proportion to the amplitude of the information signal. This variation encodes the information onto the carrier wave.
In FM, the frequency of the carrier wave is varied in proportion to the amplitude of the information signal. This variation encodes the information onto the carrier wave.
The modulated wave contains the information that needs to be transmitted, and it can be demodulated at the receiving end to retrieve the original information.
