Book debt represents payments due the company by customers
(typically in the form of accounts receivable). When a company
cedes book debt, they are effectively giving some creditor the
rights to some or all of that book debt, so when it is paid, the
creditor, not the company, gets the payments.
Book debt is sometimes used when companies have cash flow
challenges. Some companies will cede their book debt to cover what
they already owe so they are able to move on with their
business.
A standard type of ceding of book debt is known as
"Non-Recoverable Factoring," effectively a company ceding their
accounts receivables to another organization. In turn, the second
organization gives them between 50% and 85% of the value of those
receivables. The "Non-Recoverable" portion means that if the buyer
is able to collect more than what they paid, the buyer keeps it and
they do not pass it on to the company ceding the debt.