The fourth gospel was attributed to the disciple John, late in
the second century CE, and has since been known as the Gospel
According to Saint John, or more commonly as John's Gospel. It
appears to have been written quite a few decades after the
crucifixion of Jesus, thus suiting the notion of being written by a
disciple who would not die.
However, the gospel is clearly derivative and therefore is now
considered not to have been written by an eyewitness to the events
described. The second century Roman teacher, Gaius, called the
Gospel of John "heretical" and claimed that it was written by
John's worst enemy, Cerinthus.
Many scholars are now convinced that the Gospel of John emerged
from an intense debate over who Jesus was, with its purpose to
defend certain views and oppose others. The gospel appears to have
been written in layers, by anonymous authors from a Christian sect
now known as the "Johannine Community".