Cetyl myristoleate

Cetyl myristoleate
IUPAC name	Hexadecyl (Z)-tetradec-9-enoate
Identifiers
CAS number	64660-84-0
PubChem	6443825
SMILES	CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCC/C=C\CCCC
Properties
Molecular formula	C30H58O2
Molar mass	450.78 g/mol
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Cetyl myristoleate is the cetyl ester of myristoleic acid. It has multiple biological properties, including as an anti-inflammatory and a pain reliever, as well as being an immune system modulator. As supplied, it is a naturally derived, highly purified, and refined waxy ester prepared for oral administration. Because it is an ester form, highly resistant to oxidation, it has a relatively long life in the body. No harmful short or long term effects have ever been observed in humans or in laboratory animals, even in extremely high doses. Similar substances have been used in common foods, including cheese and chocolate and even in medicines and cosmetics. It is a perfectly safe, naturally derived substance. It is not habit-forming and contains no harsh chemicals or drugs that can cause side effects. It works in a natural manner by acting at the precise location of joint inflammation. Although not as well known as glucosamine and/or chondroitin, there is a growing awareness that CM8 equals or surpasses them in the treatment of the body pains brought on by various maladies such as bursitis, gout, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, fibromyalgia, and sports related injuries.

History

Cetyl Myristoleate studies began at the U.S. National Institutes for Health [1] than 25 years ago. It was discovered in the early 1960s by Harry W. Diehl [2]. Mr. Diehl was a research chemist working in sugar metabolism at the NIH in the Laboratory of Chemistry of the National Institute of Arthritis, Metabolic, and Digestive Diseases in Bethesda, Maryland. Dr. Diehl studied the seeming immunity of mice to arthritis, and discovered cetyl myristoleate (CM8) through his research, investigations, testing and analysis.

Diehl’s research on cetyl myristoleate was published in the March 1994 issue of the American Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, the journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association and the American Chemical Society. Mr. Diehl received three U.S. Patents for “use” on cetyl myristoleate, the first in 1977 on cetyl myristoleate [3], the second in 1978 for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis [4], and then in 1996 for the treatment on osteo-arthritis [5]. After receiving his first “use” patent, Mr. Diehl immediately approached the pharmaceutical industry stalwarts, including Pfizer and Merck, with his discovery, but they declined. This was mainly due to rules concerning patents on natural products, & because cetyl myristoleate was a natural substance and could not be granted a “product” patent, which meant that there would not be any exclusivity, thus eliminating the prospects of huge profits. Since he was a scientist and not a marketing specialist, Mr. Diehl knew of no other way to bring Cetyl Myristoleate to the public, and consequently his discovery sat on the shelf collecting dust until 1991 when he, himself, developed arthritis.

As Diehl got older, he began to experience some osteoarthritis in his hands, knees, and the heels of his feet. His family physician tried the usual regimen of cortisone and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs without much effect on the course of the disease. Finally his physician told Harry he could not have any more cortisone. "So," Diehl said, "I thought about my discovery, and I decided to make a batch and use it on myself. " He did, and the symptoms of osteo-arthritis disappeared. Cetyl myristoleate appeared on the market as a supplement in 1991.

Clinical research

An independent clinical research study was performed in 1997 by Dr. H. Siemandi, M.D., et al. [6]on the claims of Dr. Diehl as published in the March 1994 issue of the American Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, the prestigious peer review journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association and the American Chemical Society (VOL 83, #3, March 1994, pages 296-299). This trial confirmed Dr. Diehl's findings of the success of CM8.

A second Independent Clinical Trial, performed by the San Diego Clinic Immunological Center, entitled "Clinical Study On Cetylmyristoleate (CM8) vs Arthritis" further confirmed the findings of both Dr. Diehl and Dr. Siemandi, and quantified the dosage and conditions for successful treatment of arthritis using CM8, and identifying conditions which might inhibit its effectiveness. The complete results of this Independent Clinical Research Trial in their entirety can also be found on the Harry Diehl website[7].

References

This article's citation style may be unclear. The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style of citation, footnoting, or external linking. (September 2009)

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Fan, P.T., Yu, D Y,: "Spondyloarthropathies". Textbook of Rheuth-matology., Vol. 1, 4th edition. Edited by, Kelley, W.N., Harris, E.D., Ruddy, S., Jr., Sledge, C.B., Philadelphia W.B. Saunders. 1993.

Smiley, J.D., "Psoriatic arthritis.", Bulletin of Rheumatic Disease, 44:, 1995.

Rothman. D., et al. "Botanical Lipids. Effects in Inflammation." Immune Response, and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism, October 1995.

Adam, O., "Anti-inflammatory Diet in Rheumatic Disease." European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1995.

Bucci, L., PhD., "Glycosaminoglycan Supplements as Therapeutic Agents." Nutritional Report, January 1996.

Borok, G., "Rheumatoid Arthritis and Foods: A Patient Study," South African Family Practice, October 1989.

Kremer, j., Md, "Effects of Modulation of Inflammatory and Immune Parameters in Patients with Rheumatic and Inflammatory Disease Receiving Dietary Supplementation of N-3 and N-6 Fatty Acids." Lipids, 1996.

Diehl, H., and May, E.L. "Cetyl Myristoleate Isolated from Swiss Albino Mice: An Apparent Protective Agent against Adjuvant Arthritis in Rats." Journal of Pharmaceutical Science, Vol. 83 March 1994.