Chauvinism is, essentially, a prejudice loyalty to a specific gender or group. An example sentence would be: His chauvinism was absolutely disgusting.

Pigheadedness.

It depends on what type of chauvinism you are talking about;

male chauvinism= female chauvinism (and vice-versa)

human chauvinism (anthropocentrism)= environment chauvinism (ecocentrism)

etc...etc...

His chauvinism was evident in the way he always believed his nation was superior to others.

He displayed his chauvinism by belittling women in the workplace.