n.
A colorless, odorless, viscous liquid, C10H6Cl8, used as an insecticide. It may be toxic to humans and wildlife as a result of its effect on the nervous system.
[CHLOR(O)- + (IN)D(ENE) + -ANE.]
chlordane
Dictionary:
chlor·dane (klôr'dān', klōr'-)  also chlor·dan
|
(-dăn')
n.
A colorless, odorless, viscous liquid, C10H6Cl8, used as an insecticide. It may be toxic to humans and wildlife as a result of its effect on the nervous system.
n.
A colorless, odorless, viscous liquid, C10H6Cl8, used as an insecticide. It may be toxic to humans and wildlife as a result of its effect on the nervous system.
| 5min Related Video: chlordane |
| Medical Dictionary: chlor·dane |
(klôr'dān')
n.
n.
A chlorinated hydrocarbon used as an insecticide that may be absorbed through the skin with resultant severe toxic effects.
| Wikipedia: Chlordane |
| Chlordane | |
|---|---|
 |
|
 |
|
| IUPAC name |
Octachloro-4,7-methanohydroindane
|
| Other names | Chlordan, Ortho |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 57-74-9 |
| PubChem | 5993 |
| SMILES |
ClC1CC2C(C1Cl)[C@@]3(Cl)C(=C(Cl)[C@@]2(Cl)C3(Cl)Cl)Cl
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| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C10H6Cl8 |
| Molar mass | 409.779 g/mol |
| Density | 1.60 g/cm3 |
| Melting point |
106 °C |
| Boiling point | |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) | |
| Infobox references | |
Chlordane, or chlordan, is an organochlorine compound that was used as a pesticide. This white solid was sold in the U.S. until 1983 as an insecticide for crops like corn and citrus and on lawns and domestic gardens. [2]
Contents |
Production and uses
Chlordane is one so-called cyclodiene pesticide, meaning that it is derived from hexachlorocyclopentadiene. Hexachlorocyclopentadiene forms an adduct with cyclopentadiene, and chlorination of this adduct give two isomers, α and β. The mixture is called chlordane. The β isomer is more bioactive.[2] It was sold in the United States from 1948 to 1988 both as a dust and an emulsified solution.
Because of concern about damage to the environment and harm to human health, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) banned all uses of chlordane in 1983 except termite control. The EPA banned all uses of chlordane in 1988. The EPA recommends that children should not drink water with more than 60 parts of chlordane per billion parts of drinking water (60 ppb) for longer than 1 day. EPA has set a limit in drinking water of 2 ppb.
Environmental impact
Being hydrophobic, chlordane adheres to soil particles and enters groundwater only slowly owing to its low solubility (0.009 ppm). It degrades only over the course of years.[3] Chlordane bioaccumulates in animals. It is highly toxic to fish, with an LD50 of 0.022–0.095 mg/kg (oral).
Health effects
Exposure to chlordane metabolites may be associated with testicular cancer. The incidence of seminoma in men with the highest blood levels of cis-nonachlor was almost double that of men with the lowest levels.[4] Prostate cancer has been associated with trans-nonachlor levels, a component of chlordane.[5] Japanese workers who used chlordane over a long period of time had minor changes in liver function.[6]
References
- ^ Lide, David R. (1998), Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87 ed.), Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, pp. 3-100, ISBN 0849305942
- ^ a b Robert L. Metcalf “Insect Control” in Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry” Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2002. doi:10.1002/14356007.a14_263
- ^ http://organic.com.au/pesticides/Chlorodane/
- ^ McGlynn, Katherine A.; Quraishi, Sabah M.; et al. (April 29, 2008), "Persistent Organochlorine Pesticides and Risk of Testicular Germ Cell Tumors", Journal of the National Cancer Institute published ahead of print: 663, doi:, http://jnci.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/djn101v1.
- ^ http://www.ehponline.org/members/2009/0900919/0900919.pdf doi:10.1289/ehp.0900919
- ^ http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/tfacts31.html
External links
- Chlordane Technical Fact Sheet - National Pesticide Information Center
- Chlordane General Fact Sheet - National Pesticide Information Center
- Chlordane Pesticide Information Profile - Extension Toxicology Network
- ATSDR - ToxFAQs: Chlordane
- www.ecoinfo.ec.gc.ca - For chemical structure of chlordane
This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)
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 | chlorinated hydrocarbons |
| persistent organic pollutant |
| Grasshoppers (American history) |
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 | Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Medical Dictionary. The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Read more |
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| Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Chlordane". Read more |
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Mentioned in
- chlorinated hydrocarbons
- persistent organic pollutant
- Grasshoppers (American history)
- chlorine (element – in chemistry)
