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Chorąży ("Standard-bearer") is a military rank in Poland and neighboring countries. A chorąży was once a knight who bore a standard — the emblem of an armed troop, a province (województwo), a land (ziemia), a duchy, or the kingdom. This function later evolved into a non-hereditary noble title.
From the end of the 14th century in the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and later in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, there were four "central" Chorąży positions:
- Grand Standard-Bearer of the Crown;
- Grand Standard-Bearer of Lithuania;
- Court Standard-Bearer of the Crown;
- Court Standard-Bearer of Lithuania.
At the same time, Chorąży was also an honorary office in a land.
From the 16th century, Chorąży was the title of the military leader of a Cossack community, and later a rank in the Cossack Hosts. The title, written khorunzhiy (хорунжий) in Russian, was officially recognized in the 1792 Table of Ranks.
In the Republic of Poland in 1919-1922 and from 1963 in the People's Republic of Poland (from 1989, in contemporary Poland), it has been an officer's rank, above sergeant and below second lieutenant. Warrant Officer OR-7, OR-8, OR-9. Between 1944 and 1957, it was the lowest officer's rank.
See also
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