Christopher Marlowe
(baptized Feb. 26, 1564, Canterbury, Kent, Eng. — died May 30, 1593, Deptford, near London) British poet and playwright. The son of a Canterbury shoemaker, he earned a degree from Cambridge University. From 1587 he wrote plays for London theatres, starting with
Tamburlaine the Great (published 1590), in which he established dramatic
blank verse.
Tamburlaine was followed by
Dido, Queen of Carthage (published 1594), cowritten with
Thomas Nashe;
The Massacre at Paris (
c. 1594); and
Edward II (1594). His most famous play is
The Tragicall History of Doctor Faustus (published 1604), which uses the dramatic framework of a
morality play in its presentation of a story of temptation, fall, and damnation.
The Jew of Malta (published 1633) may have been his final work. His poetry includes the unfinished long poem
Hero and Leander. Known for leading a disreputable life, he died a violent death at age 29 in a tavern brawl; he may have been assassinated because of his service as a government spy. His brilliant, though short, career makes him
William Shakespeare's most important contemporary in English drama.
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