coke

[Perhaps from Middle English colk, core.]

For more information on coke, visit Britannica.com.

A coherent, cellular, carbonaceous residue remaining from the dry (destructive) distillation of a coking coal. It contains carbon as its principal constituent, together with mineral matter and residual volatile matter. The residue obtained from the carbonization of a noncoking coal, such as subbituminous coal, lignite, or anthracite, is normally called a char. Coke is produced chiefly in chemical-recovery coke ovens, but a small amount is also produced in beehive or other types of nonrecovery ovens.

Coke is used predominantly as a fuel reductant in the blast furnace, in which it also serves to support the burden. As the fuel, it supplies the heat as well as the gases required for the reduction of the iron ore. It also finds use in other reduction processes, the foundry cupola, and house heating.

Coke is formed when coal is heated in the absence of air. During the heating in the range of 660–930°F (350–500°C), the coal softens and then fuses into a solid mass. The degree of softening attained during heating determines to a large extent the character of the coke produced. In order to produce coke having desired properties, two or more coals are blended before charging into the coke oven. In addition to the types of coals blended, the carbonizing conditions in the coke oven influence the characteristics of the coke produced. Oven temperature is the most important of these and has a significant effect on the size and the strength of the coke. In general, for a given coal, the size and shatter strength of the coke increase with decrease in carbonization temperature.

The important properties of coke that are of concern in metallurgical operations are its chemical composition, such as moisture, volatile-matter, ash, and sulfur contents, and its physical character, such as size, strength, and density. The moisture and the volatile-matter contents are a function of manner of oven operation and quenching, whereas ash and sulfur contents depend upon the composition of the coal charged. See also Charcoal; Destructive distillation.

Tutor's tip: A "coak" is a dowel, "coke" is a solid fuel, while "colk" is a duck.

Look up coke or Coke in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Coke may refer to:

• Coca-Cola, a soft drink originally based on coca leaf extract
  • The Coca-Cola Company, makers of this drink
  • Cola, any soft drink similar to Coca-Cola
  • Soft drink, any nonalcoholic carbonated beverage
• Coke (fuel), a solid carbonaceous residue derived from destructive distillation of coal
• Petroleum coke, a solid, carbon-rich residue derived from distillation of crude oil
• Cocaine, a drug extracted from the leaf of the coca plant
• Coke County, Texas, a county in central Texas, United States
• Koch Industries, pronounced "coke," a major private US corporation

People named Coke

• Jorge Andújar Moreno (b. 1987), a Spanish football (soccer) player commonly known as Coke
• David Coke (1915–1941), a British pilot during World War II
• Edward Coke (1552–1634), English entrepreneur and jurist
• Edward Coke (1758–1837), a British politician and landowner
• Edward Coke, 7th Earl of Leicester (born 1936), a British earl
• Giles Coke, an English footballer
• John Coke (1563–1644), an English politician
• Peter Coke (1913–2008), a British actor, playwright and artist
• Phil Coke, an American major league baseball pitcher
• Philip Coke, a descendant of Thomas Coke, 1st Earl of Leicester
• Richard Coke, an American lawyer, farmer, and statesman
• Thomas Coke (bishop) (1747–1814), the first Methodist Bishop
• Thomas Coke, 1st Earl of Leicester (seventh creation) (1754–1842), agricultural reformer. see also Earl of Leicester
• Coke R. Stevenson (1888–1975), Governor of Texas from 1941 to 1947

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Dansk (Danish)
1.
n. - koks, stykke koks
v. tr. - omdanne til koks
v. intr. - forkokse

2.
n. - kokain, Coca-Cola

Nederlands (Dutch)
cokes, coca-cola, cocaïne, omzetten in cokes

Français (French)
1.
n. - coke (fuel)
v. tr. - cokéfier
v. intr. - être cokéfié

2.
n. - cocaïne, coke

Deutsch (German)
1.
n. - Koks
v. - verkoken

2.
n. - Koks, Kokain

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - κοκ, οπτάνθρακας, (καθομ.) κόκα-κόλα, κοκαϊνη
abbr. - κοκαϊνη

Italiano (Italian)
coke, cocaina, coca

Português (Portuguese)
n. - coque (m)
abbr. - coca-cola (f), cocaína (f)

Русский (Russian)
кокс, кокаин

Español (Spanish)
1.
n. - coque, cok
v. tr. - convertir en coque de petróleo
v. intr. - convertirse en coque de petróleo

2.
n. - cocaína, coca-cola

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - Coca-Cola, kokain, koks
abbr. - Coca-Cola

中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
1. 焦, 焦煤, 焦炭, 把...炼成焦炭, 炼成焦炭

2. 可卡因

中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
1.
n. - 可卡因

2.
n. - 焦, 焦煤, 焦炭
v. tr. - 把...煉成焦炭
v. intr. - 煉成焦炭

한국어 (Korean)
1.
n. - 코크스
v. tr. - 코크스로 만들다
v. intr. - 코크스로 되다

2.
n. - 코카인

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - コカコーラ, コークス, コカイン

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) فحم, مختصر كوكا كولا أو أي شراب غازي, كوكائين (اختصار) كوكائين (مخدر)‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮קוקס (פחם), קוקאין, קוקה קולה, משקע שנותר לאחרבעירה לא שלמה של דלק‬
v. tr. - ‮הפך פחם לקוקס‬
v. intr. - ‮נהפך לקוקס‬
n. - ‮קוקאין, קוקה קולה‬

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