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commodity

 
Dictionary: com·mod·i·ty   (kə-mŏd'ĭ-tē) pronunciation

n., pl., -ties.
  1. Something useful that can be turned to commercial or other advantage: "Left-handed, power-hitting third basemen are a rare commodity in the big leagues" (Steve Guiremand).
  2. An article of trade or commerce, especially an agricultural or mining product that can be processed and resold.
  3. Advantage; benefit.
  4. Obsolete. A quantity of goods.

[Middle English commodite, from Old French , convenience, from Latin commoditās, from commodus, convenient. See commodious.]


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Investment Dictionary: Commodity
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1. A basic good used in commerce that is interchangeable with other commodities of the same type. Commodities are most often used as inputs in the production of other goods or services. The quality of a given commodity may differ slightly, but it is essentially uniform across producers. When they are traded on an exchange, commodities must also meet specified minimum standards, also known as a basis grade.

2. Any good exchanged during commerce, which includes goods traded on a commodity exchange.

Investopedia Says:
1. The basic idea is that there is little differentiation between a commodity coming from one producer and the same commodity from another producer - a barrel of oil is basically the same product, regardless of the producer. Compare this to, say, electronics, where the quality and features of a given product will be completely different depending on the producer. Some traditional examples of commodities include grains, gold, beef, oil and natural gas. More recently, the definition has expanded to include financial products such as foreign currencies and indexes. Technological advances have also led to new types of commodities being exchanged in the marketplace: for example, cell phone minutes and bandwidth.

2. The sale and purchase of commodities is usually carried out through futures contracts on exchanges that standardize the quantity and minimum quality of the commodity being traded. For example, the Chicago Board of Trade stipulates that one wheat contract is for 5,000 bushels and also states what grades of wheat (e.g. No. 2 Northern Spring) can be used to satisfy the contract.

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Business Dictionary: Commodity
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Any tangible Good; product that is the subject of Sale or barter. Bulk goods such as grains, metals, and foods are traded on a commodities exchange or on the Spot Market.

Thesaurus: commodity
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noun

    A product or products bought and sold in commerce: good (used in plural), line, merchandise, ware. See matter, transactions.

Geography Dictionary: commodity
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Object of economic value, intended for exchange in a capitalist system. Two key commodities are labour and money. Commodity chains (or commodity networks, also known as filières) are the connections between the production, circulation, and consumption of goods; for example, the supermarket and wholesale chains which bring cut flowers from Kenya to the UK. These chains may constitute vertical or horizontal linkages, or a set of firms making similar commodities; for example, aerospace industries. These last still depend on face-to-face contacts, and tend to develop as agglomerations. The commodity chains developed by transnational corporations, in contrast, tend to be global.

Commodification is a feature of modernity, and the possible valuing of the images of commodities above the commodities themselves, it has been claimed (and disputed), is a feature of postmodernity. The reported rise of a global culture is based on the ubiquity of certain commodities, from soft drinks to software, and clusters of commodified culture—entertainment, media, museums, and heritage tourism, and other tourist attractions—have made their mark on contemporary urban morphology. see geographies of consumption.

Philosophy Dictionary: commodity
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A commodity is the form a product takes when the material means of existence are organized through exchange. Commodities have two values: their immediate use in satisfying some need or desire, and their use as vehicles of exchange. Money is simply a measure of the second kind of value, enabling different goods to be commensurated in the market. Commodity fetishism is, in Marxist thought, the process whereby the products of labour come to appear to have an independent value separated from the labour of the people who created them. The role commodities have in exchange disguises the way that their value ought to be entirely derivative from the labour that produces them. In the analysis of Lukács all human relationships come to be treated as commodities, a species of false consciousness characteristic of capitalist ideology.

Law Encyclopedia: Commodity
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This entry contains information applicable to United States law only.

A tangible item that may be bought or sold; something produced for commerce.

Commodities are defined as marketable goods or wares, such as raw or partially processed materials, farm products, or jewelry. Intangibles, such as human labor, services, or advertising, are generally not considered to be commodities.

Economics Dictionary: commodity
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Any product manufactured or grown.

Veterinary Dictionary: commodities
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In cattle feeding, a term used for feedstuffs such as cotton seed hulls, brewers grains, etc. that are usually by-products from other food industries.

Word Tutor: commodity
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pronunciation

IN BRIEF: Something bought and sold.

pronunciation Love isn't a commodity.

Wikipedia: Commodity
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A commodity is some good for which there is demand, but which is supplied without qualitative differentiation across a market. It is a product that is the same no matter who produces it, such as petroleum, notebook paper, or milk.[1] In other words, copper is copper. The price of copper is universal, and fluctuates daily based on global supply and demand. Stereo systems, on the other hand, have many levels of quality. And, the better a stereo is [perceived to be], the more it will cost.

One of the characteristics of a commodity good is that its price is determined as a function of its market as a whole. Well-established physical commodities have actively traded spot and derivative markets. Generally, these are basic resources and agricultural products such as iron ore, crude oil, coal, ethanol, salt, sugar, coffee beans, soybeans, aluminum, copper, rice, wheat, gold, silver and platinum. Soft commodities are goods that are grown, while hard commodities are the ones that are extracted through mining.

Commoditization occurs as a goods or services market loses differentiation across its supply base, often by the diffusion of the intellectual capital necessary to acquire or produce it efficiently. As such, goods that formerly carried premium margins for market participants have become commodities, such as generic pharmaceuticals and silicon chips.

Contents

Etymology

The word commodity came into use in English in the 15th century, it came from the French, "commodité", to benefit or profit. Going further back, the French word derived from the Latin commoditatem (nominative commoditas) meaning "fitness, adaptation,". The Latin root commod- meant variously "appropriate", "proper measure, time or condition" and advantage, or benefit.

Commodity trade

In the original and simplified sense, commodities were things of value, of uniform quality, that were produced in large quantities by many different producers; the items from each different producer are considered equivalent. It is the contract and this underlying standard that define the commodity, not any quality inherent in the product.

Commodities exchanges include:

Markets for trading commodities can be very efficient, particularly if the division into pools matches demand segments. These markets will quickly respond to changes in supply and demand to find an equilibrium price and quantity. In addition, investors can gain passive exposure to the commodity markets through a commodity price index.

Commodities in Marxism

In classical political economy and especially Karl Marx's critique of political economy, a commodity is any good or service produced by human labour and offered as a product for general sale on the market. Some other priced goods are also treated as commodities, e.g. human labor-power, works of art and natural resources, even although they may not be produced specifically for the market, or be non-reproducible goods.

Marx's analysis of the commodity is intended to help solve the problem of what establishes the economic value of goods, using the labor theory of value. This problem was extensively debated by Adam Smith, David Ricardo and Karl Rodbertus-Jagetzow among others. Value and price are not equivalent terms in economics, and theorising the specific relationship of value to market price has been a challenge for both liberal and Marxist economists.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Sullivan, arthur; Steven M. Sheffrin (2003). Economics: Principles in action. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458: Pearson Prentice Hall. pp. 152. ISBN 0-13-063085-3. http://www.pearsonschool.com/index.cfm?locator=PSZ3R9&PMDbSiteId=2781&PMDbSolutionId=6724&PMDbCategoryId=&PMDbProgramId=12881&level=4. 

External links


Translations: Commodity
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Dansk (Danish)
n. - produkt, bekvemmelighed

Nederlands (Dutch)
handelswaar, handig iets

Français (French)
n. - (Comm, gén) article, denrée (alimentaire), articles de ménage (npl), (fig) denrée rare, (Fin) matière première

Deutsch (German)
n. - Ware, Erzeugnis, Gebrauchsgegenstand

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - αγαθό, αντικείμενο χρησιμότητας ή αξίας, (διαπραγματεύσιμο) εμπόρευμα

Italiano (Italian)
merce

Português (Portuguese)
n. - mercadoria (f), utilidade (f), conveniência (f) (Jur.)

Русский (Russian)
товар, предмет потребления

Español (Spanish)
n. - mercancía, artículo, producto, mercadería

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - handelsvara, artikel

中文(简体)(Chinese (Simplified))
日用品, 有用的物品, 商品

中文(繁體)(Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 日用品, 有用的物品, 商品

한국어 (Korean)
n. - 상품 , 유용한 물건

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - 日用品, 商品

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) سلعه, بضاعه‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮חפץ, מצרך‬


 
 

 

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