concert

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noun

Pleasing agreement, as of musical sounds: accord, concord, harmony, symphony, tune. Music consonance. See beautiful/ugly.

Definition: agreement, harmony
Antonyms: disagreement, disharmony, disunity

Term for a public musical entertainment usually implying performance by an orchestra. Until the mid-19th century, a concert could be almost any type of non-theatrical entertainment. For a smaller-scale performance, the term ‘recital’ is usually preferred.

Performances at court by employed musicians have a long and obscure early history. In the 16th and 17th centuries, performances were given privately at meetings of academies or collegia musica, some open to guests. In England, concert-giving began in the late 17th century, usually in a tavern or private house; the earliest recorded such event was at the Mitre Inn, London, in 1664. Other well-known early concert-givers include John Banister, who gave subscription concerts in London from 1672, and Thomas Britton, whose Clerkenwell concerts date from 1768. The growth in the 18th century of musical societies, open to members and their guests and to visitors, led to a great increase in concert-giving. Concerts were held in the London pleasure gardens; the Bach-Abel concerts (1765) and the Concert of Ancient Music (1776) are two of the best known of many London series. In France, the most important early concerts were those given by the Concert Spirituel during Lent when the opera was closed; this series, begun in 1725, was important until the Revolution, though the Concert des Amateurs (later Concert de la Loge Olympique) had a more forward-looking musical policy. In Germany, concert life began early in the 18th century in Frankfurt, Hamburg and especially Leipzig, where the Gewandhaus concerts, founded in 1781, grew from an earlier series. The first known concert in North America was in Boston in 1731; series in Philadelphia and Charleston soon followed.

In the 19th century, the best-known concert series were organized by such institutions as the Gesell-schaft der Musikfreunde of Vienna (1801), the Philharmonic Society of London (1813) and the Société des Concerts du Conservatoire in Paris (1828); but numerous concerts were organized by rival groups, smaller associations and such institutions as choirs (e.g. the Berlin Singakademie, 1791, or the Sacred Harmonic Society of London, 1832). More popular concert series, such as the Promenade Concerts in London (1895), arose towards the end of the 19th century. In the 20th, 19th-century traditions have broadly been continued; the predominant pattern in most large cities is of a local orchestra (often with a linked, amateur choir) giving regular concerts, sometimes arranged in subscription series, in a central concert hall.

For further information on concert institutions, see under individual names.

A public performance of music.

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• Musicians and Performance - concert: live performance of music before audience

For other uses, see Concert (disambiguation).

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A classical music concert in the Rod Laver Arena, Melbourne, Australia, 2005

A concert is a live performance (typically of music) before an audience. The performance may be by a single musician, sometimes then called a recital, or by a musical ensemble, such as an orchestra, a choir, or a musical band. Concerts are held in a wide variety and size of settings, from private houses and small nightclubs, dedicated concert halls, entertainment centres and parks to large multipurpose buildings, and even sports stadiums. Indoor concerts held in the largest venues are sometimes called "arena concerts". Regardless of the venue, musicians usually perform on a stage. Concerts often require live event support with professional audio equipment. Before recorded music, concerts would provide the only opportunity one would generally have to hear musicians play. Informal names for a concert include "show" and "gig".

Contents 1 Types of concert 1.1 Theatrical 1.2 Festivals 1.3 Concert tour 2 Revenue 3 See also 4 References 5 External links

Types of concert

Jessie J performing in a concert

"Concert" by Bernardo Strozzi, 1630/31, Kadrioru kunstimuuseum.

The nature of a concert will vary by musical genre and the individual performers. Concerts by a small jazz combo or small bluegrass band may have the same order of program, mood, and volume, but vary in music and dress. In a similar way, a particular musician, band, or genre of music might attract concert attendees with similar dress, hairstyle, and behavior. For example, the hippies of the 60s often toted long hair (sometimes in dread lock form), sandals and inexpensive clothing made of natural fibers. The regular attendees to a concert venue might also have a recognizable style, comprising that venue's "scene".

Theatrical

Some performers or groups put on very elaborate and expensive affairs. In order to create a memorable and exciting atmosphere and increase the spectacle, the artist will frequently include additional entertainment devices within their concerts. These tend to include elaborate stage lighting; an image magnification (IMAG) system and/or pre-recorded video; inflatables, artwork or other set pieces; various special effects such as theatrical smoke and fog and pyrotechnics; and unusual costumes or wardrobe. Some singers, especially in genres of popular music, augment the sound of their concerts with pre-recorded accompaniment, back-up dancers, and even broadcast vocal tracks of the singer's own voice. Activities which may take place during these concerts include dancing, sing-alongs, and moshing. Some performers well known for including these elements in their performances include: Pink Floyd, Jean Michel Jarre, Sarah Brightman and KISS.

A Girl Scout passing out printed programs at a Municipal Band concert in Eau Claire, Wisconsin

Festivals

Main article: Music festival

Concerts involving a greater number of artists, especially those that last for multiple days, are known as festivals. Unlike other concerts, which typically remain in a single genre of music or work of a particular artist, festivals often cover a broad scope of music and arts. Due to their size, festivals are almost exclusively held outdoors. New platforms for festivals are becoming increasingly popular such as Jam Cruise which is a festival held on a cruise ship, as well as Mayan Holidaze which is a destination festival held in Tulum. A few examples of the hundreds of festivals include the Big Day Out, Coachella, Falls Festival, Glastonbury Festival, Newport Jazz Festival, Oxegen, Parachute Music Festival, Rock In Rio, Rockwave Festival, Salzburg Festival, Summer Sonic Festival, Woodstock Music and Art Festival, and the Warped Tour.

For a more complete listing of festivals from around the world, see: List of music festivals.

Concert tour

Members of the Grateful Dead performed at Red Rocks Amphitheater in Colorado on August 11, 1987.

A concert tour is a series of concerts by an artist or group of artists in different cities or locations. Oftentimes concert tours are named, to differentiate different tours by the same artist and associate a specific tour with a particular album or product (for example: Michael Jackson's Bad Tour). Especially in the popular music world, such tours can become large-scale enterprises that last for several months or even years, are seen by hundreds of thousands or millions of people, and bring in millions of dollars (or the equivalent) in ticket revenues.

Different segments of longer concert tours are known as "legs". The different legs of a tour are denoted in different ways, dependant on the artist and type of tour, but the most common means of separating legs are dates (especially if there is a long break at some point), countries and/or continents, or different opening acts. In the largest concert tours it is becoming more common for different legs to employ separate touring production crews and equipment, local to each geographical region. Concert tours are often administered on the local level by concert promoters or by performing arts presenters.

Revenue

The U2 360° Tour.

While admission to some concerts is free, it is common practice to charge money for concerts by selling admission tickets. Historically, concerts were the primary source of revenue for musicians. Revenue from ticket sales typically goes to the performing artists, producers, venue and organizers. In the case of benefit concerts, a portion of profits will often go towards a charitable organization.

Additional revenue is also often raised through in-concert advertising, from free local concerts for local sponsorships to sponsorships from corporations during major tours e.g. 2009's "Vans' Warped Tour Presented by AT&T". Both Vans and AT&T would have paid significant amounts to have their company names included at the forefront in all marketing material for the Warped Tour.

Concessions and merchandise are also often sold during and after concerts; often by the venue in the case of the former, and by the performing band or artist in the case of the latter.

As of 2011^[update], the highest grossing concert tour of all time is U2 360 Tour, with gross revenues of $736,137,344.^[1] The second highest grossing concert tour of all time is The Rolling Stones' A Bigger Bang Tour which earned approximately $558 million in between 2005 and 2007.^[2] The highest earning tour by a solo artist is the Sticky & Sweet Tour by pop superstar artist Madonna, which earned $408 million in 2008 and 2009.^[3]

See also

• Benefit concert
• Guerrilla gig
• House concert
• Live PA
• Performing arts presenters
• Recorded live track
• Rehearsal
• Rock concert
• Rock festival
• Smoking concerts

References

1. ^ Waddell, Ray (29 July 2011). "U2 Set to Wrap Biggest Concert Tour Ever". Billboard.com. http://www.billboard.com/news/u2-set-to-wrap-biggest-concert-tour-ever-1005297992.story#/news/u2-set-to-wrap-biggest-concert-tour-ever-1005297992.story. Retrieved 31 July 2011. 
2. ^ Pietrolungo, Silvio (April 9, 2007). "Rolling Stones Tour Grosses More Than Half A Billion". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/news/rolling-stones-tour-grosses-more-than-half-a-billion-1003650410.story. Retrieved 2009-11-17. 
3. ^ "Madonna Closes Tour In Tel Aviv;Second Highest Grossing Trek Of All Time". Billboard. September 2, 2009. http://www.billboard.com/news/news/madonna-closes-tour-in-tel-aviv-2nd-highest-1004008911.story#/news/news/madonna-closes-tour-in-tel-aviv-2nd-highest-1004008911.story. Retrieved 2010-09-01. 

External links

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Dansk (Danish)
n. - koncert, overensstemmelse, kombination
v. tr. - planlægge i fællesskab
v. intr. - være i harmoni med

idioms:

• concert master    koncertmester
• in concert    samlet, i samråd, under optræden

Nederlands (Dutch)
concert, overeenkomst, samenwerken

Français (French)
n. - (Mus) concert, coopération (sout)
v. tr. - agir de concert
v. intr. - agir de concert ou d'un commun accord

idioms:

• concert master    (US) premier violon
• in concert    de concert, d'un commun d'accord

Deutsch (German)
n. - Konzert, Übereinstimmung
v. - abstimmen, gemeinsam besprechen, planen, (Mus.) mehrstimmig arangieren

idioms:

• concert master    Konzertmeister
• in concert    im Chor, gemeinsam

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - συνεννόηση, ομοφωνία, συμφωνία, συντονισμός (ενεργειών), (μουσ.) συναυλία

idioms:

• concert master    (μουσ.) σολίστας ή πρώτο βιολί
• in concert    από κοινού, ομόφωνα

Italiano (Italian)
concerto

idioms:

• concert master    primo violino
• in concert    in concerto

Português (Portuguese)
n. - concerto (m) (Mús.), acordo (m)
v. - combinar

idioms:

• concert master    primeiro (m) violino de uma orquestra
• in concert    de comum acordo

Русский (Russian)
концерт

idioms:

• concert master    концертмейстер
• in concert    сообща

Español (Spanish)
n. - concierto
v. tr. - concertar, acordar, convenir
v. intr. - acordarse, convenirse

idioms:

• concert master    primer violín, concertino
• in concert    en vivo, en concierto, conjuntamente

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - konsert, samklang, kör, överenskommelse

中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
音乐会, 一致, 合奏, 商议, 使协调, 协同安排, 协力, 一致行动, 协调

idioms:

• concert master    乐队首席
• in concert    一致, 同时, 一起

中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 音樂會, 一致, 合奏
v. tr. - 商議, 使協調, 協同安排
v. intr. - 協力, 一致行動, 協調

idioms:

• concert master    樂隊首席
• in concert    一致, 同時, 一起

한국어 (Korean)
n. - 음악회, 협력
v. tr. - 협정하다
v. intr. - 와 협조하다

idioms:

• in concert    일제히, 제휴하여

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - 音楽会, 協力, 協和音
v. - 協力する

idioms:

• concert master    コンサートマスター
• in concert    協力して

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) حفله موسيقيه‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮קונצרט, תיאום, מופע‬
v. tr. - ‮תיאם‬
v. intr. - ‮תכננו או פעלו בתיאום‬

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