Dictionary:
con·junc·ti·va (kŏn'jŭngk-tī'və)  |
[Middle English, from Medieval Latin (membrāna) coniūnctīva, connective (membrane), feminine of Late Latin coniūnctīvus, connective, from Latin coniūnctus, past participle of coniungere, to join together. See conjoin.]
conjunctival con'junc·ti'val (-vəl) adj.| 5min Related Video: conjunctiva |
| Dental Dictionary: conjunctiva |
The mucous membrane lining the inner surfaces of the eyelids and anterior part of the sclera.
| Veterinary Dictionary: conjunctiva |
Pl. conjunctivae [L.] the delicate membrane lining the eyelids and covering parts of the eyeball. Is in several parts, bulbar, fornical, marginal, nictital, palpebral and tarsal, named for anatomical reasons.
| Wikipedia: Conjunctiva |
| Conjunctiva | |
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| The upper half of a sagittal section through the front of the eyeball. (Label for 'Conjunctiva' visible at center-left.) | |
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| Horizontal section of the eyeball. (Conjunctiva labeled at upper left.) | |
| Gray's | subject #227 1026 |
| Artery | lacrimal artery, anterior ciliary arteries |
| Nerve | lacrimal nerve |
| MeSH | Conjunctiva |
The conjunctiva is a clear mucous membrane consisting of cells and underlying basement membrane that covers the sclera (white part of the eye) and lines the inside of the eyelids. It is made of epithelial tissue.
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It helps lubricate the eye by producing mucus and tears, although a smaller volume of tears than the lacrimal gland.[1] It also contributes to immune surveillance and helps to prevent the entrance of microbes into the eye.
The conjunctiva is typically divided into three parts:
| Part | Area |
|---|---|
| Palpebral or tarsal conjunctiva | lines the eyelids |
| Fornix conjunctiva | where the inner part of the eyelids and the eyeball meet, the palpebral conjunctiva is reflected at the superior fornix and the inferior fornix to become the bulbar conjunctiva. It is loose and flexible, allowing the free movement of the lids and eyeball. An ophthalmologist or optometrist can insert eye drops into the lower eyelid space. The substance works its way up the surface of the eyeball and diffuse into the internal eye. [2] |
| Bulbar or ocular conjunctiva | covers the eyeball, over the sclera. This region of the conjunctiva is bound tightly and moves with the eyeball movements. |
Disorders of the conjunctiva and cornea are a common source of eye complaints.
The surface of the eye is exposed to various external influences and is especially suspectible to trauma, infections, chemical irritation, and allergic reactions.
The conjunctiva is best known because of its inflamed state, conjunctivitis (more commonly known as pinkeye).
Conjunctival irritation is one of the adverse health effects that can take place after overexposure to VOCs (Volatile organic compounds).
 Sagittal section through the upper eyelid. |
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Copyrights:
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 | Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Dental Dictionary. Mosby's Dental Dictionary. Copyright © 2004 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Veterinary Dictionary. Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary 3rd Edition. Copyright © 2007 by D.C. Blood, V.P. Studdert and C.C. Gay, Elsevier. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Conjunctiva". Read more |
