Cook Partisan Voting Index

This article needs references that appear in reliable third-party publications. Primary sources or sources affiliated with the subject are generally not sufficient for a Wikipedia article. Please add more appropriate citations from reliable sources. (January 2009)

The Cook Partisan Voting Index (CPVI), sometimes referred to as simply the Partisan Voting Index (PVI), is a measurement of how strongly an American congressional district or state leans toward one political party compared to the nation as a whole. It was developed in 1997 by Charlie Cook of the Cook Political Report, a nonpartisan political newsletter, working with Polidata, a political statistics analysis firm.

The index for each congressional district is derived by averaging its results from the prior two presidential elections and comparing them to national results. The index indicates which party's candidate was more successful in that district, as well as the number of percentage points by which its results exceeded the national average. The index is formatted as a letter + number; in a district whose CPVI score is R+2, recent Republican presidential candidates received 2 percentage points more votes than the national average. Likewise, a CPVI score of D+3 shows the Democrats received 3 percentage points more votes than the national average.

List of PVIs

Extremes

The most Democratic congressional districts in the country are New York's 15th and 16th at D+41, while the most Republican districts are Alabama's 6th and Texas's 13th with a PVI of R+29. As for states as a whole, Utah is the most Republican at R+21, and Hawaii and Vermont are the most Democratic at D+13 (and D+39 for the District of Columbia). If all states voted exactly on partisan lines according to this index in a presidential election, the Democrats would win the election 278-260 electoral votes.

The most Republican congressional districts to be represented by Democrats are Texas's 17th congressional district and Mississippi's 4th congressional district, which have a CPVI of R+20. The districts are represented by Chet Edwards and Gene Taylor, respectively. The most Democratic congressional district to be represented by a Republican is Louisiana's 2nd congressional district, which has a PVI of D+25. The district is represented by Joseph Cao.

There are currently 8 Democratic-leaning districts represented by Republicans and 69 Republican-leaning districts represented by Democrats, for a total of 77 out of 435 Representatives from districts with a PVI opposite to their own party. Three districts represented by Republicans have Cook PVIs greater than D+5; 35 districts represented by Democrats have Cook PVIs greater than R+5.

In the Senate, the most Republican-leaning state to have a Democratic senator is Nebraska, with Democrat Ben Nelson. The most Republican-leaning state to have two Democratic senators is North Dakota, with Democrats Kent Conrad and Byron Dorgan. The most Democratic-leaning state to have a Republican senator is Maine, with Republicans Olympia Snowe and Susan Collins. There are currently 19 Democratic senators from Republican-leaning states and 5 Republican senators from Democratic-leaning states, for a total of 24 out of 100 senators from states with a PVI opposite to their own party.

By congressional district According to the Cook Political Report for the 110th U.S. Congress, calculated according to the results of the 2004 and the 2008 U.S. presidential elections. The party representations are based on the winners of the 2008 U.S. House elections. State District PVI Party of Representative Alabama 1st 085R+14 Republican Alabama 2nd 083R+16 Democratic Alabama 3rd 090R+9 Republican Alabama 4th 073R+26 Republican Alabama 5th 087R+12 Democratic Alabama 6th 070R+29 Republican Alabama 7th 118D+18 Democratic Alaska At-large 086R+13 Republican Arizona 1st 093R+6 Democratic Arizona 2nd 086R+13 Republican Arizona 3rd 090R+9 Republican Arizona 4th 113D+13 Democratic Arizona 5th 094R+5 Democratic Arizona 6th 084R+15 Republican Arizona 7th 106D+6 Democratic Arizona 8th 095R+4 Democratic Arkansas 1st 091R+8 Democratic Arkansas 2nd 094R+5 Democratic Arkansas 3rd 083R+16 Republican Arkansas 4th 092R+7 Democratic California 1st 113D+13 Democratic California 2nd 088R+11 Republican California 3rd 093R+6 Republican California 4th 089R+10 Republican California 5th 115D+15 Democratic California 6th 123D+23 Democratic California 7th 119D+19 Democratic California 8th 135D+35 Democratic California 9th 137D+37 Democratic California 10th 111D+11 Democratic California 11th 098R+1 Democratic California 12th 123D+23 Democratic California 13th 122D+22 Democratic California 14th 121D+21 Democratic California 15th 115D+15 Democratic California 16th 116D+16 Democratic California 17th 119D+19 Democratic California 18th 104D+4 Democratic California 19th 090R+9 Republican California 20th 105D+5 Democratic California 21st 086R+13 Republican California 22nd 083R+16 Republican California 23rd 112D+12 Democratic California 24th 095R+4 Republican California 25th 093R+6 Republican California 26th 096R+3 Republican California 27th 113D+13 Democratic California 28th 123D+23 Democratic California 29th 114D+14 Democratic California 30th 118D+18 Democratic California 31st 129D+29 Democratic California 32nd 115D+15 Democratic California 33rd 135D+35 Democratic California 34th 122D+22 Democratic California 35th 131D+31 Democratic California 36th 112D+12 Democratic California 37th 126D+26 Democratic California 38th 118D+18 Democratic California 39th 112D+12 Democratic California 40th 091R+8 Republican California 41st 089R+10 Republican California 42nd 089R+10 Republican California 43rd 113D+13 Democratic California 44th 093R+6 Republican California 45th 096R+3 Republican California 46th 093R+6 Republican California 47th 104D+4 Democratic California 48th 093R+6 Republican California 49th 089R+10 Republican California 50th 096R+3 Republican California 51st 108D+8 Democratic California 52nd 090R+9 Republican California 53rd 114D+14 Democratic Colorado 1st 121D+21 Democratic Colorado 2nd 111D+11 Democratic Colorado 3rd 094R+5 Democratic Colorado 4th 093R+6 Democratic Colorado 5th 085R+14 Republican Colorado 6th 091R+8 Republican Colorado 7th 104D+4 Democratic Connecticut 1st 113D+13 Democratic Connecticut 2nd 106D+6 Democratic Connecticut 3rd 109D+9 Democratic Connecticut 4th 105D+5 Democratic Connecticut 5th 102D+2 Democratic Delaware At-large 107D+7 Republican District of Columbia At-large 139D+39 Democratic Florida 1st 078R+21 Republican Florida 2nd 093R+6 Democratic Florida 3rd 118D+18 Democratic Florida 4th 082R+17 Republican Florida 5th 090R+9 Republican Florida 6th 089R+10 Republican Florida 7th 092R+7 Republican Florida 8th 097R+2 Democratic Florida 9th 093R+6 Republican Florida 10th 098R+1 Republican Florida 11th 111D+11 Democratic Florida 12th 093R+6 Republican Florida 13th 093R+6 Republican Florida 14th 088R+11 Republican Florida 15th 093R+6 Republican Florida 16th 094R+5 Republican Florida 17th 134D+34 Democratic Florida 18th 096R+3 Republican Florida 19th 115D+15 Democratic Florida 20th 113D+13 Democratic Florida 21st 094R+5 Republican Florida 22nd 101D+1 Democratic Florida 23rd 128D+28 Democratic Florida 24th 095R+4 Democratic Florida 25th 094R+5 Republican Georgia 1st 083R+16 Republican Georgia 2nd 101D+1 Democratic Georgia 3rd 080R+19 Republican Georgia 4th 124D+24 Democratic Georgia 5th 126D+26 Democratic Georgia 6th 080R+19 Republican Georgia 7th 083R+16 Republican Georgia 8th 089R+10 Democratic Georgia 9th 071R+28 Republican Georgia 10th 084R+15 Republican Georgia 11th 079R+20 Republican Georgia 12th 101D+1 Democratic Georgia 13th 115D+15 Democratic Hawaii 1st 111D+11 Democratic Hawaii 2nd 114D+14 Democratic Idaho 1st 081R+18 Democratic Idaho 2nd 082R+17 Republican Illinois 1st 134D+34 Democratic Illinois 2nd 136D+36 Democratic Illinois 3rd 111D+11 Democratic Illinois 4th 132D+32 Democratic Illinois 5th 119D+19 Democratic Illinois 6th 100EVEN Republican Illinois 7th 135D+35 Democratic Illinois 8th 098R+1 Democratic Illinois 9th 120D+20 Democratic Illinois 10th 106D+6 Republican Illinois 11th 098R+1 Democratic Illinois 12th 103D+3 Democratic Illinois 13th 098R+1 Republican Illinois 14th 098R+1 Democratic Illinois 15th 093R+6 Republican Illinois 16th 097R+2 Republican Illinois 17th 103D+3 Democratic Illinois 18th 093R+6 Republican Illinois 19th 090R+9 Republican Indiana 1st 108D+8 Democratic Indiana 2nd 097R+2 Democratic Indiana 3rd 085R+14 Republican Indiana 4th 085R+14 Republican Indiana 5th 082R+17 Republican Indiana 6th 089R+10 Republican Indiana 7th 114D+14 Democratic Indiana 8th 091R+8 Democratic Indiana 9th 093R+6 Democratic Iowa 1st 105D+5 Democratic Iowa 2nd 107D+7 Democratic Iowa 3rd 101D+1 Democratic Iowa 4th 100EVEN Republican Iowa 5th 090R+9 Republican Kansas 1st 076R+23 Republican Kansas 2nd 090R+9 Republican Kansas 3rd 096R+3 Democratic Kansas 4th 085R+14 Republican Kentucky 1st 084R+15 Republican Kentucky 2nd 084R+15 Republican Kentucky 3rd 102D+2 Democratic Kentucky 4th 085R+14 Republican Kentucky 5th 083R+16 Republican Kentucky 6th 090R+9 Democratic Louisiana 1st 075R+24 Republican Louisiana 2nd 128D+25 Republican Louisiana 3rd 087R+12 Democratic Louisiana 4th 088R+11 Republican Louisiana 5th 085R+14 Republican Louisiana 6th 089R+10 Republican Louisiana 7th 085R+14 Republican Maine 1st 108D+8 Democratic Maine 2nd 103D+3 Democratic Maryland 1st 086R+13 Democratic Maryland 2nd 107D+7 Democratic Maryland 3rd 106D+6 Democratic Maryland 4th 131D+31 Democratic Maryland 5th 111D+11 Democratic Maryland 6th 086R+13 Republican Maryland 7th 125D+25 Democratic Maryland 8th 121D+21 Democratic Massachusetts 1st 114D+14 Democratic Massachusetts 2nd 109D+9 Democratic Massachusetts 3rd 109D+9 Democratic Massachusetts 4th 114D+14 Democratic Massachusetts 5th 108D+8 Democratic Massachusetts 6th 107D+7 Democratic Massachusetts 7th 115D+15 Democratic Massachusetts 8th 132D+32 Democratic Massachusetts 9th 111D+11 Democratic Massachusetts 10th 105D+5 Democratic Michigan 1st 096R+3 Democratic Michigan 2nd 092R+7 Republican Michigan 3rd 093R+6 Republican Michigan 4th 096R+3 Republican Michigan 5th 111D+11 Democratic Michigan 6th 100EVEN Republican Michigan 7th 097R+2 Democratic Michigan 8th 097R+2 Republican Michigan 9th 102D+2 Democratic Michigan 10th 094R+5 Republican Michigan 11th 100EVEN Republican Michigan 12th 112D+12 Democratic Michigan 13th 131D+31 Democratic Michigan 14th 134D+34 Democratic Michigan 15th 113D+13 Democratic Minnesota 1st 098R+1 Democratic Minnesota 2nd 095R+4 Republican Minnesota 3rd 100EVEN Republican Minnesota 4th 113D+13 Democratic Minnesota 5th 123D+23 Democratic Minnesota 6th 092R+7 Republican Minnesota 7th 094R+5 Democratic Minnesota 8th 103D+3 Democratic Mississippi 1st 085R+14 Democratic Mississippi 2nd 112D+12 Democratic Mississippi 3rd 084R+15 Republican Mississippi 4th 079R+20 Democratic Missouri 1st 127D+27 Democratic Missouri 2nd 090R+9 Republican Missouri 3rd 107D+7 Democratic Missouri 4th 085R+14 Democratic Missouri 5th 110D+10 Democratic Missouri 6th 092R+7 Republican Missouri 7th 082R+17 Republican Missouri 8th 084R+15 Republican Missouri 9th 090R+9 Republican Montana At-large 092R+7 Republican Nebraska 1st 088R+11 Republican Nebraska 2nd 093R+6 Republican Nebraska 3rd 075R+24 Republican Nevada 1st 110D+10 Democratic Nevada 2nd 094R+5 Republican Nevada 3rd 102D+2 Democratic New Hampshire 1st 100EVEN Democratic New Hampshire 2nd 103D+3 Democratic New Jersey 1st 112D+12 Democratic New Jersey 2nd 101D+1 Republican New Jersey 3rd 098R+1 Democratic New Jersey 4th 093R+6 Republican New Jersey 5th 092R+7 Republican New Jersey 6th 108D+8 Democratic New Jersey 7th 096R+3 Republican New Jersey 8th 110D+10 Democratic New Jersey 9th 109D+9 Democratic New Jersey 10th 133D+33 Democratic New Jersey 11th 092R+7 Republican New Jersey 12th 105D+5 Democratic New Jersey 13th 121D+21 Democratic New Mexico 1st 105D+5 Democratic New Mexico 2nd 093R+6 Democratic New Mexico 3rd 107D+7 Democratic New York 1st 100EVEN Democratic New York 2nd 104D+4 Democratic New York 3rd 095R+4 Republican New York 4th 106D+6 Democratic New York 5th 112D+12 Democratic New York 6th 136D+36 Democratic New York 7th 126D+26 Democratic New York 8th 122D+22 Democratic New York 9th 105D+5 Democratic New York 10th 138D+38 Democratic New York 11th 138D+38 Democratic New York 12th 133D+33 Democratic New York 13th 095R+4 Democratic New York 14th 126D+26 Democratic New York 15th 141D+41 Democratic New York 16th 141D+41 Democratic New York 17th 118D+18 Democratic New York 18th 109D+9 Democratic New York 19th 096R+3 Democratic New York 20th 097R+2 Democratic New York 21st 106D+6 Democratic New York 22nd 106D+6 Democratic New York 23rd 098R+1 Democratic New York 24th 097R+2 Democratic New York 25th 103D+3 Democratic New York 26th 093R+6 Republican New York 27th 104D+4 Democratic New York 28th 115D+15 Democratic New York 29th 094R+5 Democratic North Carolina 1st 109D+9 Democratic North Carolina 2nd 097R+2 Democratic North Carolina 3rd 083R+16 Republican North Carolina 4th 108D+8 Democratic North Carolina 5th 084R+15 Republican North Carolina 6th 081R+18 Republican North Carolina 7th 094R+5 Democratic North Carolina 8th 097R+2 Democratic North Carolina 9th 088R+11 Republican North Carolina 10th 082R+17 Republican North Carolina 11th 093R+6 Democratic North Carolina 12th 116D+16 Democratic North Carolina 13th 105D+5 Democratic North Dakota At-large 089R+10 Democratic Ohio 1st 101D+1 Democratic Ohio 2nd 086R+13 Republican Ohio 3rd 094R+5 Republican Ohio 4th 084R+15 Republican Ohio 5th 090R+9 Republican Ohio 6th 097R+2 Democratic Ohio 7th 092R+7 Republican Ohio 8th 085R+14 Republican Ohio 9th 110D+10 Democratic Ohio 10th 108D+8 Democratic Ohio 11th 132D+32 Democratic Ohio 12th 101D+1 Republican Ohio 13th 105D+5 Democratic Ohio 14th 096R+3 Republican Ohio 15th 101D+1 Democratic Ohio 16th 095R+4 Democratic Ohio 17th 112D+12 Democratic Ohio 18th 092R+7 Democratic Oklahoma 1st 083R+16 Republican Oklahoma 2nd 085R+14 Democratic Oklahoma 3rd 075R+24 Republican Oklahoma 4th 081R+18 Republican Oklahoma 5th 086R+13 Republican Oregon 1st 108D+8 Democratic Oregon 2nd 089R+10 Republican Oregon 3rd 119D+19 Democratic Oregon 4th 102D+2 Democratic Oregon 5th 101D+1 Democratic Pennsylvania 1st 135D+35 Democratic Pennsylvania 2nd 138D+38 Democratic Pennsylvania 3rd 096R+3 Democratic Pennsylvania 4th 093R+6 Democratic Pennsylvania 5th 090R+9 Republican Pennsylvania 6th 104D+4 Republican Pennsylvania 7th 103D+3 Democratic Pennsylvania 8th 102D+2 Democratic Pennsylvania 9th 082R+17 Republican Pennsylvania 10th 091R+8 Democratic Pennsylvania 11th 104D+4 Democratic Pennsylvania 12th 098R+1 Democratic Pennsylvania 13th 107D+7 Democratic Pennsylvania 14th 119D+19 Democratic Pennsylvania 15th 102D+2 Republican Pennsylvania 16th 091R+8 Republican Pennsylvania 17th 093R+6 Democratic Pennsylvania 18th 093R+6 Republican Pennsylvania 19th 087R+12 Republican Rhode Island 1st 113D+13 Democratic Rhode Island 2nd 109D+9 Democratic South Carolina 1st 089R+10 Republican South Carolina 2nd 090R+9 Republican South Carolina 3rd 082R+17 Republican South Carolina 4th 084R+15 Republican South Carolina 5th 092R+7 Democratic South Carolina 6th 112D+12 Democratic South Dakota At-large 090R+9 Democratic Tennessee 1st 078R+21 Republican Tennessee 2nd 083R+16 Republican Tennessee 3rd 086R+13 Republican Tennessee 4th 086R+13 Democratic Tennessee 5th 103D+3 Democratic Tennessee 6th 086R+13 Democratic Tennessee 7th 081R+18 Republican Tennessee 8th 093R+6 Democratic Tennessee 9th 123D+23 Democratic Texas 1st 078R+21 Republican Texas 2nd 086R+13 Republican Texas 3rd 085R+14 Republican Texas 4th 078R+21 Republican Texas 5th 082R+17 Republican Texas 6th 084R+15 Republican Texas 7th 086R+13 Republican Texas 8th 074R+25 Republican Texas 9th 122D+22 Democratic Texas 10th 089R+10 Republican Texas 11th 071R+28 Republican Texas 12th 083R+16 Republican Texas 13th 070R+29 Republican Texas 14th 081R+18 Republican Texas 15th 103D+3 Democratic Texas 16th 110D+10 Democratic Texas 17th 079R+20 Democratic Texas 18th 124D+24 Democratic Texas 19th 073R+26 Republican Texas 20th 108D+8 Democratic Texas 21st 085R+14 Republican Texas 22nd 086R+13 Republican Texas 23rd 095R+4 Democratic Texas 24th 088R+11 Republican Texas 25th 106D+6 Democratic Texas 26th 086R+13 Republican Texas 27th 097R+2 Democratic Texas 28th 100EVEN Democratic Texas 29th 108D+8 Democratic Texas 30th 127D+27 Democratic Texas 31st 085R+14 Republican Texas 32nd 091R+8 Republican Utah 1st 078R+21 Republican Utah 2nd 084R+15 Democratic Utah 3rd 073R+26 Republican Vermont At-large 113D+13 Democratic Virginia 1st 092R+7 Republican Virginia 2nd 094R+5 Democratic Virginia 3rd 120D+20 Democratic Virginia 4th 095R+4 Republican Virginia 5th 094R+5 Democratic Virginia 6th 087R+12 Republican Virginia 7th 090R+9 Republican Virginia 8th 116D+16 Democratic Virginia 9th 088R+11 Democratic Virginia 10th 097R+2 Republican Virginia 11th 102D+2 Democratic Washington 1st 109D+9 Democratic Washington 2nd 103D+3 Democratic Washington 3rd 100EVEN Democratic Washington 4th 086R+13 Republican Washington 5th 092R+7 Republican Washington 6th 105D+5 Democratic Washington 7th 131D+31 Democratic Washington 8th 103D+3 Republican Washington 9th 105D+5 Democratic West Virginia 1st 090R+9 Democratic West Virginia 2nd 091R+8 Republican West Virginia 3rd 093R+6 Democratic Wisconsin 1st 097R+2 Republican Wisconsin 2nd 115D+15 Democratic Wisconsin 3rd 104D+4 Democratic Wisconsin 4th 122D+22 Democratic Wisconsin 5th 087R+12 Republican Wisconsin 6th 095R+4 Republican Wisconsin 7th 103D+3 Democratic Wisconsin 8th 097R+2 Democratic Wyoming At-large 079R+20 Republican

By state Based on the 2004 U.S. presidential election and the 2008 U.S. presidential election. The party representations are based on the winners of the 2008 U.S. Senate elections. State PVI Party in Senate Alabama 085R+14 Republican Alaska 086R+13 Both Arizona 095R+4 Republican Arkansas 090R+9 Democratic California 108D+8 Democratic Colorado 100D+0 Democratic Connecticut 107D+7 Democratic Delaware 107D+7 Democratic District of Columbia 139D+39 n/a Florida 099R+0 Both Georgia 093R+6 Republican Hawaii 113D+13 Democratic Idaho 081R+18 Republican Illinois 109D+9 Democratic Indiana 094R+5 Both Iowa 101D+1 Both Kansas 087R+12 Republican Kentucky 088R+11 Republican Louisiana 090R+9 Both Maine 106D+6 Republican Maryland 109D+9 Democratic Massachusetts 112D+12 Democratic Michigan 105D+5 Democratic Minnesota 103D+3 Democratic Mississippi 090R+9 Republican Missouri 096R+3 Both Montana 092R+7 Democratic Nebraska 085R+14 Both Nevada 102D+2 Both New Hampshire 101D+1 Both New Jersey 107D+7 Democratic New Mexico 102D+2 Democratic New York 112D+12 Democratic North Carolina 095R+4 Both North Dakota 089R+10 Democratic Ohio 099R+0 Both Oklahoma 082R+17 Republican Oregon 104D+4 Democratic Pennsylvania 102D+2 Democratic Rhode Island 111D+11 Democratic South Carolina 091R+8 Republican South Dakota 090R+9 Both Tennessee 091R+8 Republican Texas 091R+8 Republican Utah 078R+21 Republican Vermont 113D+13 Democratic Virginia 097R+2 Democratic Washington 104D+4 Democratic West Virginia 091R+8 Democratic Wisconsin 103D+3 Democratic Wyoming 079R+20 Republican

See also

• Psephology, the statistical analysis of elections.

References

• "Partisan Voting Index Districts of the 111th Congress, Arranged by State/District". The Cook Political Report. 2009-04-10. http://www.cookpolitical.com/sites/default/files/pvistate.pdf.