In electronics and telecommunication, coupling is the desirable or undesirable transfer of energy from one medium, such as a metallic wire or an optical fiber, to another medium, including fortuitous transfer.
Coupling is also the transfer of power from one circuit segment to another, e.g., an alternating voltage may be transferred to a segment at a different direct voltage by use of a capacitor or transformer; power may be efficiently transferred to a segment with different impedance by use of a transformer.
Types of coupling
Electromagnetic coupling:
- inductive coupling, most commonly transformer coupling, also called magnetic coupling
- capacitive coupling, capacitor coupling, also called electrostatic coupling
- RF coupling
- electromagnetic interference (EMI), sometimes called radio frequency interference (RFI), is unwanted coupling. Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requires techniques to avoid such unwanted coupling, such as electromagnetic shielding.
- wireless energy transfer
Other kinds of energy coupling:
- acoustic coupling with an acoustic coupler
- evanescent wave coupling
See also
- antenna noise temperature
- conducted (resistive or hard-wire) coupling
- coupling loss
- directional coupler
- equilibrium length
- fiber-optic coupling
- loading coil
- shield
- list of electronics topics
- AC Coupling
- impedance matching
- impedance bridging
- decoupling
References
This article incorporates public domain material from the General Services Administration document "Federal Standard 1037C" (in support of MIL-STD-188).
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