Creole
American Heritage Dictionary:
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Cre·ole
(krē'ōl') 
n.
n.
- A person of European descent born in the West Indies or Spanish America.
- A person descended from or culturally related to the original French settlers of the southern United States, especially Louisiana.
- The French dialect spoken by these people.
- A person descended from or culturally related to the Spanish and Portuguese settlers of the Gulf States.
- often creole A person of mixed Black and European ancestry who speaks a creolized language, especially one based on French or Spanish.
- A Black slave born in the Americas as opposed to one brought from Africa.
- creole A creolized language.
- Haitian Creole.
- Of, relating to, or characteristic of the Creoles.
- creole Cooked with a spicy sauce containing tomatoes, onions, and peppers: shrimp creole; creole cuisine.
[French créole, from Spanish criollo, person native to a locality, from Portuguese crioulo, diminutive of cria, person raised in the house, especially a servant, from criar, to bring up, from Latin creāre, to beget.]
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A creole is a language formed from the contact of a European language (especially English, French, or Portuguese) with another (especially African) language. Unlike a pidgin, which is an improvised language used mainly by traders who do not have a language in common, a creole is more developed and can be a mother tongue. The term creole is applied to a wide range of languages, including the original languages spoken by black slaves in the US; English-based creoles such as Krio (in Sierra Leone), Guyanese, and Gullah; French-based creoles in Haiti and the Ivory Coast, and Portuguese-based creoles in Brazil and Cape Verde.
| credible, creditable, credulous, credence, credit, credibility, crayfish | |
| crescendo, cretin, crevasse, crevice |
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Language
Any pidgin language that has become established as the native language of a speech community. A creole usually arises when speakers of one language become economically or politically dominant over speakers of another. A simplified or modified form of the dominant group's language (pidgin), used for communication between the two groups, may eventually become the native language of the less-powerful community. Examples include Gullah (derived from English), spoken in the Sea Islands of the southeastern U.S.; Haitian Creole (derived from French), spoken in Haiti; and Papiamentu (derived from Spanish and Portuguese), spoken in Curaao, Aruba, and Bonaire.
Native America
In the 16th18th centuries, a person born in Spanish America of Spanish parents, as distinguished from one born in Spain but residing in America. Under Spanish colonial rule, Creoles suffered from discrimination; it was consequently Creoles who led the 19th-century revolutions against Spain and became the new ruling class. Today Creole has widely varying meanings. In Louisiana it can mean either French-speaking white descendants of early French and Spanish settlers, or people of mixed descent who speak a form of French and Spanish. In Latin America the term may denote a local-born person of pure Spanish extraction or a member of the urban Europeanized classes as opposed to rural Indians. In the West Indies it refers to all people, regardless of ancestry, who are part of the Caribbean culture. Creole language.
For more information on creole, visit Britannica.com.
Columbia Encyclopedia:
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creole
creole (crē'ōl), Span. criollo (crēōl'yō) [probably from crío=child], term originally applied in West Indies to the native-born descendants of the Spanish conquerors. The term has since been applied to certain descendants in the West Indies and the American continents of French, Portuguese, and Spanish settlers. The creoles were distinguished from the natives, the blacks, and from people born in Europe. A sharp distinction of interest always lay between the creoles, whose chief devotion was to the colony, and the foreign-born officials, whose devotion was to the mother country. Never precise, the term acquired various meanings in different countries. It has biological and cultural connotations. The term was early adopted in the United States in Louisiana, where it is still used to distinguish the descendants of the original French settlers from the Cajuns, who are at least partially descended from the Acadian exiles. The word is also commonly applied to things native to the New World, such as creole cuisine and creole horses. The term is also used in places distant from the Americas, such as the island of Mauritius, but there it has lost much of its original meaning. The picturesque life of the Louisiana creoles has been ably depicted in the works of Lafcadio Hearn, George Washington Cable, and Grace King.
Bibliography
See F. J. Woods, Marginality and Identity (1972).
Wiley Dictionary of Flavors:
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Creole
The type of cuisine that is typical of the mixture of native French and Spanish foods found in the New Orleans area. See Culinary Arts.
Random House Word Menu:
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categories related to 'creole'
- Preparations and Presentations - creole: (adj) spicy sauce or dish, usu. with rice
- Linguistics and Writing Systems - creole: pidgin that has developed in complexity over time and has become the native language of a group of speakers
See crossword solutions for the clue Wikipedia on Answers.com:
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Creole
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Look up Creole or creole in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
Creole may refer to:
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Contents
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Languages
A creole language is a stable, full-fledged language that originated from a pidgin or combination of other languages.
Creole languages subgroups may include:
- Arabic-based creole languages
- Dutch-based creole languages
- English-based creole languages
- French-based creole languages
- Singdarin, Chinese-based creole languages
- German-based creole languages
- Malay-based creole languages
- Ngbandi-based creole languages
- Portuguese-based creole languages
- Spanish-based creole languages
Specific creole languages include:
- Haitian Creole language, French-based, an official language of Haiti
- Mauritian Creole, French-based, spoken in Mauritius
- Louisiana Creole French, spoken in Louisiana
- Belizean Kriol language, spoken in Belize
- Cape Verdean Creole, spoken on the islands of Cape Verde
- Krio Dayak language, spoken by Krio Dayak people in West Kalimantan, Indonesia
- Liberian Kreyol language, spoken in Liberia
- Seychellois Creole, French-based, spoken in the Seychelles
- Guinea-Bissau Creole, spoken in Guinea-Bissau
- Negerhollands, a Dutch-based creole, once spoken in the U.S. Virgin Islands
- Bislama, an English-based creole, spoken in Vanuatu
- Llanito, a Spanish- and English-based creole, spoken in Gibraltar
- Bajan or Barbadian Creole, English-based, spoken in Barbados
- Antillean Creole or Créole Martiniquais, French-based, spoken in the Lesser Antilles
- Tok Pisin, an official language of Papua New Guinea
- Torres Strait Creole or Brokan, spoken in Far-North-East Australia, Torres Strait, and South-West Papua
- Patois, French based, spoken in Saint Lucia
- Nagamese creole, based on Assamese, used in in Nagaland, India
People
Creole peoples – various distinct ethnic groups; mix of culture:
- Louisiana Creole people
- Belizean Kriol people
- Sierra Leone Creole people
- Krio Dayak people, an ethnic group in West Kalimantan, Indonesia
- Mauritian Creole people
- Surinamese Creole people
- Haitian Creole people
Other uses
- Louisiana Creole cuisine, a style of cooking of the New Orleans area, Louisiana that blends many influences.
- "Creole Love Call", a composition by Duke Ellington
- The Creole case, an international dispute about the Creole, a US slave-trade ship.
- Creole Records, a record label
- Creole Pig, a breed of pig from Haiti
- Zydeco, Louisiana Creole folk music
- CREOLE, a component model of the General Architecture for Text Engineering text processing system
- Créolité, a Martinican literary movement
- Creole (markup), a common wiki markup language to be used across different wikis
- Ponce Creole, an architectural style unique to Ponce, Puerto Rico, born in the late eighteenth century
- Creole sheep, a sheep breed
- Creole Queen, a 1,000 passenger sternwheel riverboat
See also
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This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. |
This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)
Translations:
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Creole
Dansk (Danish)
n. - kreol, kreolsk
adj. - kreolsk
Nederlands (Dutch)
Creool(s), mengtaal
Français (French)
n. - Créole
adj. - (Ling, Culin) créole
Deutsch (German)
n. - Kreole
adj. - kreolisch
Ελληνική (Greek)
n., -
adj. - Κρεολός, -ή, μιγάδας
Português (Portuguese)
n. - crioulo (m), mulato (m), mestiço (m)
adj. - crioulo
Русский (Russian)
креол, креольский
Español (Spanish)
n. - criollo, mestizo
adj. - relativo a los criollos o mestizos
Svenska (Swedish)
n. - kreol, kreolspråk, kreolfranska
adj. - kreolsk
中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
克里奥尔人, 生于拉丁美洲的欧洲人及其后裔, 克里奥尔人的, 克里奥尔语的
中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 克里奧爾人, 生於拉丁美洲的歐洲人及其後裔
adj. - 克里奧爾人的, 克里奧爾語的
한국어 (Korean)
n. - 크리올 사람, 크리올어
adj. - 크리올 사람의, 크리올어의, 외래종의
日本語 (Japanese)
n. - クレオール, クレオール語, クレオール人
adj. - クレオールの, クレオール語の, クレオール風の
العربيه (Arabic)
(الاسم) أوروبي من جزر الهند الغربيه (صفه) مولد من أبوين أحدهما أوروبي و الآخر ملون
עברית (Hebrew)
n. - אדם ממוצא אירופי תושב אמריקה הלטינית, אדם ממוצא צרפתי תושב לואיזיאנה, בן-תערובת לבן-שחור, קראולית (שפה), שפת תערובת (שפה אירופאית עם שפת הילידים)
adj. - קשור לשפה קריאולית או לקריאולים, ממוצא קריאולי
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American Heritage Dictionary
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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