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A crumple zone absorbs energy during impact.
The crumple zone crumples, absorbing some of the energy from the impact so that all of that energy doesn't crumple the passengers.
The first real credited design for a crumple zone was done by Engineer Béla Barényi at Mercedes in 1959
Crumple zone
A crumple zone absorbs the impact, lessening the trauma on the occupancy on the vehicle.