A Darlington pair is two transistors connected together to give a very high current gain.

A Darlington pair is two transistors connected to give a very high current gain

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The darlington configuration is two transistors connected in such a way that the gain (hFe) of the pair is higher than either transistor taken individually. The two collectors are connected together, and used as the collector of the pair. The base of the first transistor is the base of the pair. The emitter of the first transistor is connected to the base of the second transistor. The emitter of the second transistor is the emitter of the pair. Sometimes there is a resistor between the second base and the second emitter, so as to stabilize the pair in certain conditions. Typically, you multiply hFe's in darlington configuration, so if each transistor had an hFe of, say, 100, then the hFe of the pair would be 10,000.