A city of southeast Michigan west of Detroit. Greenfield Village, the restored birthplace of Henry Ford, is here. Population: 92,400.
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A city of southeast Michigan west of Detroit. Greenfield Village, the restored birthplace of Henry Ford, is here. Population: 92,400.
For more information on Dearborn, visit Britannica.com.
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| City of Dearborn | |
| Location in Michigan | |
| Coordinates: | |
|---|---|
| Country | United States |
| State | Michigan |
| County | Wayne |
| Settled | 1786 |
| Incorporation (village) | 1893 |
| Incorporation (city) | 1927 |
| Government | |
| - Type | Strong Mayor-Council |
| - Mayor | John B. O’Reilly, Jr. |
| Area | |
| - City | sq mi ( |
| - Land | sq mi ( km²) |
| - Water | sq mi ( km²) |
| Elevation | ft ( m) |
| Population (2000) | |
| - City | |
| - Density | /sq mi (/km²) |
| Time zone | EST (UTC-5) |
| - Summer (DST) | EDT (UTC-4) |
| Area code(s) | 313 |
| FIPS code | 26-210002 |
| GNIS feature ID | 06244323 |
| Website: http://www.cityofdearborn.org/ | |
Dearborn is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is located in the Detroit metropolitan area and Wayne County, and is the tenth largest city in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2000 census, it had a population of 97,775. It is notable for having the largest concentration of Arabs in North America.[citation needed] This resulted in it getting the common local nickname of Dearbornistan. The city is the hometown of Henry Ford and the world headquarters of the Ford Motor Company, and the site of a University of Michigan campus as well as Henry Ford Community College. Dearborn is the home of Michigan's leading tourist attraction, The Henry Ford (also known as the Henry Ford Museum & Greenfield Village), the nation's largest indoor-outdoor American history museum and entertainment complex. Notable buildings in the city skyline include the Hyatt Regency Dearborn located across from Fairlane Town Center mall, as well as the Islamic Center of America, which claims to be the largest mosque in North America.
The Dearborn area was first settled by Europeans in 1786.[1] The village of Dearborn was established in 1836, named after patriot Henry Dearborn, a General in the American Revolution and Secretary of War under President Thomas Jefferson. Its origins as a city trace back to a January 1929 consolidation vote which established its present-day borders by merging Dearborn and neighboring Fordson (previously known as Springwells) which feared being absorbed into Detroit. The area between the two towns was, and still remains in part undeveloped. This, once farm land, was bought by Henry Ford who built his estate, Fair Lane, and Ford Motor Company World Headquarters on it. Later developments in this corridor were the Ford airport, (later converted to the Dearborn Proving Grounds), other Ford administrative and development facilities, The Henry Ford village and museum, the Henry Ford Centennial Library, Fairlane Town Center and the Dearborn Civic Center. Some of the land remains open as of 2005 and is planted with sunflowers and often in Henry Ford's favorite soybeans, presumably for property tax reduction purposes. The crops are never harvested.
Dearborn was known nationally for its de facto racial segregation under Mayor Orville L. Hubbard, whose 36 year tenure ended in 1978. Hubbard became the most famous segregationist north of the Mason-Dixon line and openly admitted to allowing the use of intimidation tactics against African-American families looking to move to Dearborn. Some felt the "Keep Dearborn Clean" campaign was a racist program.[1]
This unsubtle policy is, in part, responsible for the minute black population in Dearborn today. Hubbard was known for running a highly effective government, so residents overlooked or laughed at his politically incorrect statements, which also targeted Irish and Italians (who make up much of the city's population). Hubbard was never as powerful or influential as Henry Ford or the Ford Motor Company. Ford was known to treat African-Americans well, which attracted them to Detroit to work at his factories. Even into the late 20th Century, many felt municipal "residents only" policies in Dearborn parks were racially motivated.[2]
In the early 1960s, Dearborn began to see a rapidly growing Arab population, the vast majority of them being Lebanese. Most had been newly arrived immigrants, but many others were second and third generation Arabs fleeing Detroit, which was beginning to see massive White Flight and decline. Today, Arabs are over a third of Dearborn's population, and although some groups such as the Lebanese have stabilized, others such as the Iraqis have been coming in larger numbers. The vast majority of these Arabs are Muslims, significantly different from the predominately Christian Arabs who populated Metro Detroit in the first half of the twentieth century.
Since 2000 the number of African-Americans in the city of Deaborn has grown by over 100%, showing that the legacy of Hubbard is no longer as dominant on Dearborn as it once was. Some people connect this with some African-Americans wanting to raise their children in a Muslim environment.[3]
| Historical populations | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1900 |
—
|
||
| 1910 | 7.9% | ||
| 1920 | 171.1% | ||
| 1930 | 1938.8% | ||
| 1940 | 26.3% | ||
| 1950 | 49.4% | ||
| 1960 | 17.9% | ||
| 1970 | -7.0% | ||
| 1980 | -13.0% | ||
| 1990 | -1.5% | ||
| 2000 | 9.5% | ||
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 63.3 km² (24.5 sq mi). 63.1 km² (24.4 sq mi) of it is land and 0.2 km² (0.1 sq mi) of it (0.37%) is water. The River Rouge runs through the city with an artificial waterfall/low head dam on the Henry Ford estate to power his powerhouse. The Upper, Middle, and Lower Branches of the river come together in Dearborn. The river is widened and channeled near the Rouge Plant to allow freighter access.
Dearborn is among a small number of municipalities that owns property in other cities (Camp Dearborn in Milford, Michigan) and is possibly unique in holding property in another state (the Dearborn Towers apartment complex in Clearwater, Florida). These holdings are considered part of the city of Dearborn, and revenues generated by camp admissions and rent collected are used to bolster the city's budget.
In 2006 Dearborn had a population of 92,382 people. This represented a 5.5% decline in the population since 2000.
As of the census² of 2000, there were 97,775 people, 36,770 households, and 23,863 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,549.7/km² (4,013.2/sq mi). There were 38,981 housing units at an average density of 617.8/km² (1,600.0/sq mi). The racial makeup of the city was 86.86% White, 1.28% African American, 0.26% Native American, 1.47% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.73% from other races, and 9.38% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.00% of the population. Most of Dearborn's large Arab population is counted as White, although many are recorded as mixed-race. Dearborn also contains a large Armenian community.
There were 36,770 households out of which 31.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.0% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.1% were non-families. 30.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.42.
In the city the population was spread out with 27.8% under the age of 18, 8.3% from 18 to 24, 29.2% from 25 to 44, 19.1% from 45 to 64, and 15.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females there were 99.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.5 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $44,560, and the median income for a family was $53,060. Males had a median income of $45,114 versus $33,872 for females. The per capita income for the city was $21,488. About 12.2% of families and 16.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.4% of those under age 18 and 7.6% of those age 65 or over.
Dearborn's population includes 30,000 Arab-Americans, [2] [3] [4], the second largest, and the densest Arab population of any community outside the Middle East. (New York City has nearly 70,000, out of a total population of over 8 million.) Arabs first settled here to work in the automotive industry. In January 2005, a new Arab American National Museum opened as a result of this large concentrated population. The city is also home to the Islamic Center of America, the largest mosque in North America and the Dearborn Mosque, as well as a mosque in the South End that is one of the few places in the US where one can hear the call to prayer over a loudspeaker. Because of the Arab cultural influence on the east side of Dearborn, store signs and billboards written in Arabic are common sights.
Dearborn's population is estimated, as of the 2006 estimate, to have fallen to 92,382, a fall of 5.5%. Over the same period of time, though, SEMCOG, the local statistics agency of Metro Detroit, estimates the city to have grown to 99,001, or an increase of 1.2% since 2000. The number of African-Americans is estimated by the Census Bureau to have more than doubled between 2000-2005, having risen to 4.1% of the total population of the city. This was a trend seen in most of Detroit's large suburbs.[citation needed]
Dearborn is home to the Ford River Rouge Plant, built by Henry Ford to make Ford Model T components, and later the birthplace (and former production line) of the Ford Mustang. It currently produces Ford F150 trucks. At one time the plant employed 120,000 people and produced finished vehicles from iron ore and sand. Dearborn is also home to Fordson High School, the first million dollar high school within the nation.
Besides the normal mixture of national origins, Dearborn has historically had large German, Polish and Irish communities. Among the Arab population, the largest group by far is Lebanese, but other sizable groups include Iraqi, Yemeni and Palestinian[5]. The Arab population is primarily found in the city's eastern side, though in recent years it has expanded west.
Amtrak, the national passenger rail system, provides service to Dearborn, operating its Wolverine three times daily in each direction between Chicago, Illinois and Pontiac, Michigan via Detroit. Baggage cannot be checked at this location; however, up to two suitcases in addition to any "personal items" such as briefcases, purses, laptop bags, and infant equipment are allowed on board as carry-ons. Currently there are two rail stops in Dearborn - the ordinary Amtrak station and a rarely used station at Greenfield Village for school field trips to that attraction.
Dearborn residents and a small portion of Dearborn Heights are zoned to schools in Dearborn Public Schools which operates 34 schools including 3 major high schools. Divine Child Elementary School and High School are in Dearborn as well; the high-school is the largest private co-ed high-school in the area. Dearborn Schools also operates the Clara B. Ford High School inside Vista Maria, a non-profit residential treatment agency for girls in Dearborn Heights. Schools website: http://www.dearbornschools.org/home.htm
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Municipalities and communities of Wayne County, Michigan |
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|---|---|---|
| County seat: Detroit | ||
| Cities |
Allen Park | Belleville | Dearborn | Dearborn Heights | Detroit | Ecorse | Flat Rock | Garden City | Gibraltar | Grosse Pointe | Grosse Pointe Farms | Grosse Pointe Park | Grosse Pointe Woods | Hamtramck | Harper Woods | Highland Park | Inkster | Lincoln Park | Livonia | Melvindale | Northville | Plymouth | River Rouge | Riverview | Rockwood | Romulus | Southgate | Taylor | Trenton | Wayne | Westland | Woodhaven | Wyandotte |
|
| Villages | ||
| Civil Townships |
Brownstown | Canton
| Grosse Ile | Grosse
Pointe | Huron | Northville | |
|