dehydrogenase

n.
An enzyme that catalyzes the removal of hydrogen from a substrate and the transfer of the hydrogen to an acceptor in an oxidation-reduction reaction.

Any enzyme that catalyses the removal of hydrogen atoms (dehydrogenation) in biological reactions. Dehydrogenases occur in many biochemical pathways but are particularly important in driving the electron-transport-chain reactions of cell respiration. They work in conjunction with the hydrogen-accepting coenzymes NAD and FAD.

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n

An oxidoreductase class (EC 1) enzyme that induces the transportation of electrons or hydrogen from a donor, which usually indicates the dehydrogenase, to an acceptor compound.

An enzyme that mobilizes the hydrogen of a substrate so that it can pass to a hydrogen acceptor, such as NAD+ or FAD+.

• alcohol d. — dimeric enzyme protein of the liver catalyzing the NAD+-linked dehydrogenation of ethanol to acetaldehyde.
• glucose-6-phosphate d. — see glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.
• glutamate d. (GD), glutamic d. — an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible reaction of glutamic acid into 2-oxoglutaric acid and ammonia. High concentrations occur in the liver of sheep, cattle, horses and dogs. Serum levels are useful in detecting hepatocellular damage in ruminants.
• l-iditol d. (ID) — a liver specific enzyme; serum determinations have been used in the horse to detect hepatocellular damage. Called also sorbitol dehydrogenase, SDH.
• isocitrate d. (ICD) — an enzyme found in high concentrations in many tissues. Two major forms of the enzyme, an NAD+-dependent ICD associated with the mitochondrial TCA cycle and a NADP+-dependent ICD associated with fat synthesis in adipose tissue and lactating mammary gland of ruminants or with steroidogenesis in endocrine tissues. Serum levels have been used to detect hepatocellular damage, but it is not highly specific.
• lactate d. (LDH), lactic acid d. — an enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of lactate and pyruvate. It is widespread in tissues and is particularly abundant in kidney, skeletal muscle, liver and myocardium. It appears in elevated concentrations when these tissues are injured. See also mouse lactic dehydrogenase elevating virus.
• lactate d. agent — see pestivirus.
• polyol d. — see l-iditol dehydrogenase (above).
• sorbitol d. (SDH) — see l-iditol dehydrogenase (above).

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