dental

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IN BRIEF: n. - A consonant articulated with the tip of the tongue near the gum ridge adj. - Of or relating to the teeth.

Tutor's tip: Granny was unaware of the "dentil" (an architectural term for small blocks) of the building as she quietly worked on her "dentelle" (lace or lacework) before her "dental" (pertaining to teeth) appointment.

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Pertaining to the teeth.

• d. abscess — see alveolar abscess, malar abscess.
• d. aging — telling the age of an animal by its teeth. Significant especially in horses, cattle and sheep. See also age determination.
• d. arcade — the complete array of teeth in the form of an arch. There is an upper and a lower arcade, except in ruminants where the incisor sector of the upper arcade is absent.
• d. attrition — occlusal wear of a tooth, as a result of tooth to tooth contact as in mastication; physiological rather than pathological.
• d. bud — the dental laminae, focal thickenings of the oral mucosae of the developing embryo, invaginate to form dental buds, the early stage of the enamel organ of the embryonic teeth.
• d. caps — a condensation of the oral epithelium of the embryo's dental lamina establishes the cap stage of the developing tooth.
• d. chisel — see dental hoe (below).
• d. claw — an instrument used often for scaling teeth in dogs and cats. It has a thick, sickle-shaped end.
• d. cyst — may be odontogenic, containing cell rests of dental tissue, or dentigerous, in which all or part of a tooth is in the cyst. Causes a local swelling of the jaw which may be visible externally. Called also dentigerous cyst.
• d. discoloration — occurs as a result of medication with tetracyclines when the teeth are still in the development stage, in cases of porphyrinuria, and in small discrete lesions in association with fluorosis, again when the poisoning occurred in the pre-eruption stage. Congenital absence of dentine and enamel, as occurs in calves, causes the teeth to look pink because of their vascularity.
• d. fistula — caused by the spread of alveolar periostitis or abscess. The fistula discharges from the tooth root to the side of the face below the eye, the maxillary sinus or the nasal cavity. Called also malar abscess, gum boil.
• d. fluorosis — see fluorosis.
• d. formula — an alphanumeric system for listing the number, type (I = incisor, C = canine, P = premolar, M = molar), and position (upper or lower) of teeth: ox and sheep 2($$\hbox{I}^0_4\ \hbox{C}_0^0\ \hbox{P}_3_^3\ \hbox{M}^3_3)= 32; horse 2(\hbox{I}_3^3\ \hbox{C}_1^1\ \hbox{P}_3^4\ \hbox{M}_3^3)=42; pig 2(\hbox{I}_3^3\ \hbox{C}_1^1 \hbox{P}_4^4\ \hbox{M}_3^3)=44; dog 2(\hbox{I}_3^3\ \hbox{C}_1^1\ \hbox{P}_4^4\ \hbox{M}_3^2)=42; cat 2(\hbox{I}_3^3\ \hbox{C}_1^1\ \hbox{P}_2^3\ \hbox{M}_1^1)=30$$.
• d. fracture/fissure — usually the result of traumatic injury. Causes great discomfort, unwillingness to close the jaw or chew; often the mouth sags open and saliva is allowed to drool.
• d. hoe — an instrument commonly used in veterinary dentistry. It has a broad end with a beveled edge. Called also dental chisel.
• d. impaction — failure of teeth to erupt out of the alveolar bone or through the gum.
• d. interlock — the deciduous upper canine teeth erupt rostral to the lower canine teeth, thereby locking the mandible from further forward growth.
• d. irregular wear — see wave mouth.
• d. lamina — in the embryonic oral mucosa dental lamina form as local thickenings of the epithelium; they invaginate to form dental buds, later the enamel organ. See also dental bud.
• d. luxation — includes loosening of teeth through to complete avulsion.
• d. malocclusion — see malocclusion.
• d. mirror — a small round mirror set at an angle on one end of a handle, used in dental examinations to reflect images from intraoral surfaces.
• d. numbering systems — see palmer's dental notation, fédération dentaire internationale system, triadan system.
• d. occlusion — see occlusion (2).
• d. pad — the thick layer of connective tissue that replaces the upper incisor teeth in the ruminant; a rostral projection of the hard palate.
• d. papillary mesenchyme — the tissue which converts the dental cap stage of the growing tooth to the bell stage by covering it with enamel.
• d. pellicle — a thin, acellular membrane of salivary proteins adsorbed to the enamel or cementum.
• d. plaque — a dense mass of bacteria in an intercellular matrix, adhering to the surface of the tooth. It is important in that it initiates caries and periodontitis. A precursor of calculus. See also bacterial plaque.
• d. pulp — the sensitive content of the cavity of the tooth carrying its nerve and blood supply.
• d. records — contain the history of dental treatment given, generally recorded on diagrams or charts of the mouth, showing position of individual teeth, gingiva and occlusion.
• d. resorption — may occur if the tooth pulp is traumatized, by osteoclastic action inside the tooth or outside, in the alveolar bone.
• d. sac — the remains of the dental follicle at the apex of immature teeth.
• d. star — the mark on the occlusal surface of a tooth, especially horse incisors, which is caused by the appearance of secondary dentine, contributed by the pulp cavity, as the tooth wears.

  Dental star. By permission from Sack W, WensingCJG, Dyce KM, Textbook of Veterinary Anatomy,Saunders, 2002

• d. tartar — see dental calculus (above).

adj

Relating to the teeth

For a list of words related to dental, see:

• Phonetics - dental: consonant sound made by pressure of tongue against teeth

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See words rhyming with "dental."

  See crossword solutions for the clue Dental .

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Dansk (Danish)
adj. - dental, tand-
n. - dental, tand-tungelyd

idioms:

• dental plate    protese

Nederlands (Dutch)
tandheelkundig, dentaal (met de tanden gevormd), dentaal (tandletter)

Français (French)
adj. - dentaire, (Ling) dental
n. - (Ling) dentale

idioms:

• dental plate    prothèse dentaire

Deutsch (German)
adj. - Zahn-, Dental-
n. - (Phon.) Dental(laut), (Phon.) Zahnlaut

idioms:

• dental plate    Gaumenplatte

Ελληνική (Greek)
adj. - οδοντικός, οδοντιατρικός

idioms:

• dental plate    τεχνητή οδοντοστοιχία

Italiano (Italian)
odontoiatrico, dentale

Português (Portuguese)
adj. - dental

idioms:

• dental plate    placa (f) dentária

Русский (Russian)
зубной

idioms:

• dental plate    зубной протез

Español (Spanish)
adj. - dental, pronunciación dental
n. - dental, interdental

idioms:

• dental plate    amalgama dental

Svenska (Swedish)
adj. - tand-

中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
牙齿的, 齿音

idioms:

• dental plate    假牙床

中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
adj. - 牙齒的
n. - 齒音

idioms:

• dental plate    假牙床

한국어 (Korean)
adj. - 치아의, 치음의
n. - 치음

日本語 (Japanese)
adj. - 歯の, 歯科の, 歯音の
n. - 歯音

idioms:

• dental plate    義歯床

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(صفه) ذو علاقه بالسن أو بطب الأسنان, سني, ملفوظ ( حرف) بوضع رأس, اللسان على أو قرب الأسنان الأ‏

עברית (Hebrew)
adj. - ‮של השיניים, שיני‬
n. - ‮עיצור שיני‬

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