A department is a subdivision of an organisation - for instance the Geology department is the subdivision that studies/teaches Geology in a University. Therefore 'departmental' means belonging to a department - as in the departmental staff.

The subdivision of a country is called a region, state, province, or county, depending on the country. These subdivisions help organize the country into smaller administrative units for governance and political purposes.

The Federal Department of Corrections runs Federal prisons. The Federal Department of Corrections is a subdivision of the Judicial System in the United States.

No, Alabama is a state within the country of United States. Its a subdivision of a country basically.

The capital city of a political subdivision of a country