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The email protocol with the highest download speed is IMAP which also offers the most features. Another email protocol is POP3.
SMTP (send mail transfer protocol)
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
POP (Post Office Protocol) - The protocol that an e-mail server and client use
when the client requests the downloading of e-mailmessages.
Bittorrent is a P2P protocol which allows you to download files.