Dyslipidemia is a disruption in the amount of lipids in the blood. In western societies, most dyslipidemias are hyperlipidemias; that is, an elevation of lipids in the blood, often due to diet and lifestyle. The prolonged elevation of insulin levels can lead to dyslipidemia. Increased levels of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) are known to cause dyslipidaemia.[1]
Classification
There are two major ways in which dyslipidemias are classified:
- Phenotype, or the presentation in the body (including the specific type of lipid that is increased)
- Etiology, or the reason for the condition (genetic, or secondary to another condition.) This classification can be problematic, because most conditions involve the intersection of genetics and lifestyle issues. However, there are a few well defined genetic conditions that are usually easy to identify.
Fredrickson Classification:[1]
| Phenotype |
I |
IIa |
IIb |
III |
IV |
V |
| Elevated Lipoprotein |
Chylomicron |
LDL |
LDL and VLDL |
IDL |
Triglycerides |
VLDL and chylomicrons |
Types
References
- ^ Fredrickson DS, Lees RS. A system for phenotyping hyperlipoproteinemia. Circulation 1965;31:321-327.
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