Ebbw Vale

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2008)

Coordinates: 51°46′40″N 3°12′42″W / 51.7779°N 3.2117°W / 51.7779; -3.2117

Ebbw Vale
Welsh: Glyn Ebwy
Ebbw Vale
Ebbw Vale  Ebbw Vale shown within Blaenau Gwent
Population	18,558
OS grid reference	SO165095
Principal area	Blaenau Gwent
Ceremonial county	Gwent
Country	Wales
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	EBBW VALE
Postcode district	NP23
Dialling code	01495
Police	Gwent
Fire	South Wales
Ambulance	Welsh
EU Parliament	Wales
UK Parliament	Blaenau Gwent
Welsh Assembly	Blaenau Gwent
List of places: UK • Wales • Blaenau Gwent

Ebbw Vale (Welsh: Glyn Ebwy) is a town at the head of the valley formed by the Ebbw Fawr tributary of the Ebbw River, south Wales. It is the largest town and the administrative centre of Blaenau Gwent county borough. The Ebbw Vale and Brynmawr conurbation has a population of roughly 33,000.

History

Ebbw Vale town centre.

Originally a rather insignificant spot in rural Monmouthshire with only about 140 inhabitants at the end of the 18th century, Ebbw Vale—and the whole valley—was transformed ^[1] by the Industrial Revolution. The Ebbw Vale Iron Works, later to become the Ebbw Steel works, opened in 1778, followed by the opening of a number of coal mines around 1790. At its height (1930s — 40s) the steel works in Ebbw Vale was the largest in Europe, attracting attention from German bombers during World War II. However the deep valley proved difficult to bomb and the plant survived. Ebbw Vale suffered from the decline^[2] of the steel and coal industries and there are now no steelworks or mines left in or around the town. In 2003 work began on demolishing the long-standing steelworks, and currently around one to two miles of the valley stands empty awaiting development.

Ebbw Vale hosted the National Eisteddfod in 1958 . The Welsh language was dominant in the area until the last quarter of the 19th century and remnants of the language (Welsh hymns and pockets of Welsh being spoken in nearby Rhymney) persisted into the 1970s. The National Eisteddfod returned to Ebbw Vale in 2010 and was sited on the new WORKS site.

In 1992, the town hosted the Ebbw Vale Garden Festival, the last.

Aneurin Bevan, the "father" of the National Health Service, represented Ebbw Vale as a Labour Party Member of Parliament (MP) in Parliament from the 1929 general election. When he died in 1960, he was succeeded as MP by Michael Foot. The seat is now called Blaenau Gwent.

The Ebbw Vale conurbation today is a product of areas which grew during the Industrial Revolution in the South Wales coalfield and the South Wales Valleys as a result of the iron industry, local ironworks or have developed as a result of distinct housing areas to serve local industry with workers, they include: Ebbw Vale, Rassau, Garnlydan, Hill Top, Hill Top, Briery Hill, Glyncoed, Willowtown, Glanyrafon, Cwm, Newtown, Victoria, Tyllwyn, Waunlwyd and Ebbw Vale itself. In particular Beaufort and Victoria were the two original iron producing areas.

Entrance to Festival Park shopping outlet

National Garden Festival of Wales

In 1992 the Ebbw Vale Garden Festival was the last National Garden Festival. It was sited on the south side of the recently demolished steel works. The festival ran for five months between 1 May to 4 October 1992 having attracted over 2 million visitors. The development cost around 18 million pounds. Since the festival the site has been renamed Festival Park and has slowly become dilapidated over 16 years due to lack of care and attention.^[3] It is now the site of the Festival Park Branded Outlet, a retail outlet comprising approximately forty shops.

Eisteddfod

Ebbw Vale hosted the National Eisteddfod in 1958, and again in 2010 in a purpose built part of the £300m steelworks development in the valley. The Gorsedd Circle opposite the Ebbw Vale Leisure Centre was erected at the time of the 1958 National Eisteddfod.

Steelworks development

The Ebbw Vale Steelworks site known as "The Works" is being re-developed under a £350 million regeneration project by Blaenau Gwent Council and Welsh Government. It will then have many different uses; housing, retail & office, wetlands, a Learning campus and many other uses. The steelworks closed in 2002 and the land was remediated over a period of approximately 5 years. Outline planning consent was granted in 2007 for a mixed use development. Wales' first all individual bed hospital Ysbyty Aneurin Bevan opened in 2010 and is named after the NHS' founder: Aneurin Bevan.^[4][5]

Welsh Future Homes

A small development of four prototype houses have been developed on the site as a pre-cursor to the wider residential development parcels being developed. Following a competition run by the council several plots were developed in time to be demonstrated at the 2010 Eisteddfod which was held on the steelworks site.

Larch and Lime House

The Larch house is a three bed property and was designed by Bere Architects and is an extremely energy efficient house meeting both Passivhaus and Code for Sustainable Homes Level 6. It was open for demonstration at the 2010 Eisteddfod.

The Lime House is a two bed dwelling also designed by Bere Architects and meets Passivhaus and Code for Sustainable Homes Level 5.

Ty Unnos

Ty Unnos is a 2 bed property designed by Cardiff University's Design Research Unit. It meets Code for Sustainable Homes Level 5 and utilising an innovate construction allowing Welsh softwood to be used in the fabric of the building.

Education on The Works site

Blaenau Gwent Learning Zone

A large 13,000sqm "Learning Zone" building is currently under construction due to open in September 2012 with Colleg Gwent offering a very wide range of both academic and vocational courses for post 16 education.

The Environmental Resource Centre

The Environmental Resource Centre (ERC) is an educational facility run by Gwent Wildlife Trust. Designed by Cardiff University's Design Research Unit and Located on the Hotmill Plateau it was the first building to be completed as part of the redevelopment of the former steelworks site in Ebbw Vale. The centre is located on an ecologically rich site next to the Pumphouse cooling ponds, which have become a haven for wildlife since the closure of the steelworks. It was officially opened by Iolo Williams and Jane Davidson AM on 21 May 2010.

General Offices

The General Offices is a grade 2* Listed Building which is undergoing renovation. Built during 1913-15 it formed part of the Steelworks site. A brand new modern extension (contrasting with the original building) officially opened on 24 October 2010 and houses the The Gwent Archives.

The main building is partially opened with an impressive entrance hall and function rooms together with a 4D cinema. Events are being publicised via the General Offices Facebook page

Education

Ebbw Vale currently is host to a selection of primary schools and infant schools, two secondary schools (Glyncoed comprehensive school & Ebbw Vale Comprehensive School) both covering a large catchment area. Alongside this there is also the Ebbw Vale campus of Coleg Gwent, a Further Education college teaching a range of subjects from Mechanics, Media Studies, Humanities to Hairdressing and Beauty therapy. There is also an institute which provides a range of courses for mainly adult learners.

Sport and culture

Sport features as one of the many reasons for pride in the Ebbw Vale area, including a top flight Welsh Premiership rugby union team, Ebbw Vale Rugby Football Club, that participated in the Celtic League and various European competitions until the restructuring of the Welsh Rugby Union that took effect from the 2003-04 season, effectively removing any professional rugby representation from the area. The Ebbw Vale rugby team is nicknamed 'The Steelmen' named after the steelworks in the town. These days Ebbw Vale RFC still compete at a semi-professional level in the WRU Principality Premiership along with the Welsh Cup. In 2007, the club finished 2nd in the Premiership in what was one of their most successful seasons ever.

In 1907 Ebbw Vale RFC switched to professional rugby league, becoming Ebbw Vale RLFC. It was the first rugby league club in Wales and the team won the Welsh League in 1909 and 1910.

Also in the town there is a keen interest in cricket (of which the town hosted several Glamorgan County Cricket fixtures until 1996), bowls, swimming, and a large host of football and rugby teams at varying levels. Eugene Cross Park is the home of both the town's rugby and cricket clubs. However, cricket predates rugby and Ebbw Vale's first recorded match was played against Blaina as far back as 1852. During the 19th century the influx of people from the surrounding counties looking for work in the local ironworks and coal mines gave cricket a boost and in June 1879 "a meeting was held at the Institute to form a cricket club in the town".

In addition to the above the town also has a leisure centre which hosts facilities ranging from a gym, sauna, weights room, indoor 5-a-side football pitches, squash courts and a 33m long, 4m deep swimming pool with diving boards.

Ebbw Vale's theatre, the Beaufort Theatre, is the largest in Blaenau Gwent.

The town has been the subject of art works by notable painters including Nan Youngman^[6] and L S Lowry; the latter's 1960 Ebbw Vale, on display at the Herbert Art Gallery in Coventry, numbers among the largest works he ever produced.^[7]

Transport

A railway service to Cardiff Central began on 6 February 2008,^[8][9] with trains serving the town from the new Ebbw Vale Parkway railway station. A second service to Newport and extension to Ebbw Vale Town is scheduled to begin in 2014.

It was announced on 5 November 2011 that a pilot bus-rail link to newport would be operated for a year starting during 2012. The bus from Newport will connect to the rail station at Rogerstone^[10]

Current bus services are:^[11]

Notable people

For full list, see Category:People from Ebbw Vale

• Jeff Banks, fashion designer
• Michael Foot, served as Member of Parliament for the Ebbw Vale constituency from 1960–1992
• Nicky Grist, rally co-driver
• Steve Jones, athlete, world marathon record holder
• Jemima Phillips, harpist
• Victor Spinetti, actor, born in Cwm
• Mark Williams, snooker player
• Nathan Wyburn, Britain's Got Talent (series 5) Artist

Interesting facts

The view from Ebbw Vale.

• 44,000 red engineering bricks from Beaufort are said to support the Empire State Building but this has not been confirmed.^{[cite this quote]}
• Southampton Docks stand on the crushed slag (cooled impurities from iron making) from Beaufort Ironworks.^{[cite this quote]}
• The world's first steel rail was rolled at Ebbw Vale in 1857.^[12]
• The rails for the Stockton and Darlington Railway were made at Ebbw Vale.^[13]

References