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Elburz Mountains

  (ĕl-bʊrz') pronunciation

A range of northern Iran rising to 5,774.9 m (18,934 ft) at Mount Damavand, the highest point in the country.

 

 
 

Mountain range, northern Iran. It is 560 mi (900 km) long and extends along the southern shore of the Caspian Sea, from which it is separated by a narrow coastal lowland. It includes Iran's highest peak, Mount Damavand (Demavend), at 18,605 ft (5,671 m). The forests of the Elburz cover some 12,500 sq mi (32,400 sq km). The Hyrcanian tigers for which they were famous are now rare, but other wild cats, including the leopard and the lynx, are still numerous.

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Wikipedia: Alborz
Alborz Mountains
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Alborz Mountains
Mount Damavand, Iran's tallest mountain is located in Alborz mountain range.
Enlarge
Mount Damavand, Iran's tallest mountain is located in Alborz mountain range.

Alborz (in Persian البرز), also written as Alburz or Elburz, is a mountain range in northern Iran stretching from the borders of Armenia in the northwest to the southern end of the Caspian (Mazandaran) Sea, and ending in the east at the borders of Turkmenistan and Afghanistan. The largest mountain in the Middle East, Mount Damavand, is located in the range.

The Alborz mountain range forms a barrier between the south Caspian and the Qazvin-Tehran plateau. It is only 60-130 km wide and consists of sedimentary series dating from Upper Devonian to Oligocene, prevalently jurassic limestone over a granite core.

Zoroastrians may identify the range with the dwelling place of the Peshyotan, and the Zoroastrian Ilm-e-Kshnoom sect identify Mount Davamand as the home of the Saheb-e-Dilan ('Masters of the Heart'). In his epic Shahnameh, the poet Ferdowsi speaks of the Alborz as if it lay in India.[1]

Also due to its great snowy winters there are several ski resorts, some consider that a few of these are among the best in the world. Some of most important ones are: Dizin, Shemshak, Tochal, and Darbandsar.

It should not be confused with Mount Elbrus in the Caucasus Mountains, which also derives its name from the legendary mountain Harā Bərəzaitī of the Avesta.

Etymology

The name Elbrus is a sound metathesis derived from Alborz. [1] The name Alborz is derived from that of Harā Bərəzaitī, a legendary mountain in the Avesta [1]. Harā Bərəzaitī reflects Proto-Iranian *Harā Bṛzatī</ref> *Bṛzatī is the feminine form of the adjective *bṛzant- "high", the ancestor of modern Persian boland (بلند) and Barz/Berazandeh[1]. Harā may be interpreted as "watch" or "guard", from an Indo-European root *ser- "protect"[1]. . In Middle Persian, Harā Bərəzaitī became Harborz, Modern Persian Alborz, which is cognate with Elbrus[1].

Mounts, summits, and attractions

Map of central Alborz Peaks: 1 `Alam Kūh
     -25m to 500m     500m to 1500m     1500m to 2500m     2500 to 3500m     3500m to 4500m     4500m to 5671m
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     -25m to 500m     500m to 1500m     1500m to 2500m     2500 to 3500m     3500m to 4500m     4500m to 5671m
2 Āzād Kūh 3 Damāvand
4 Do Berar 5 Do Khaharan
6 Ghal`eh Gardan 7 Gorg
8 Kholeno 9 Mehr Chal
10 Mīšīneh Marg 11 Naz
12 Shah Alborz 13 Sīālān
14 Tochal 15 Varavašt
Rivers: 0
1 Alamūt 2 Chālūs
3 Do Hezār 4 Harāz
5 Jājrūd 6 Karaj
7 Kojūr 8 Lār
9 Nūr 10 Sardāb
11 Seh Hazār 12 Shāh Rūd
Cities: 1 Āmol
2 Chālūs 3 Karaj
Other: D Dīzīn
E Emāmzādeh Hāšem K Kandovān Tunnel
* Latīān Dam ** Lār Dam


Source

  • North, S.J.R., Guide to Biblical Iran, Rome 1956, p. 50

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f Encyclopedia, "Alborz", W. Eilers [1]


External links

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Coordinates: 36°4′33″N, 51°47′46″E


 
 

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Copyrights:

Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2007. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
Britannica Concise Encyclopedia. Britannica Concise Encyclopedia. © 2006 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. All rights reserved.  Read more
Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Alborz" Read more

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