Encoder

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An encoder is a device, circuit, transducer, software program, algorithm or person that converts information from one format or code to another, for the purposes of standardization, speed, secrecy, security, or saving space by shrinking size.

Examples

Media

Software for encoding audio, video, text into standardized formats:

• A compressor encodes data (e.g., audio/video/images) into a smaller form (See codec.)
• An audio encoder may be capable of capturing, compressing and converting audio
• A video encoder may be capable of capturing, compressing and converting audio/video
• An email encoder secures online email addresses from email harvesters
• A PHTML encoder preserves script code logic in a secure format that is transparent to visitors on a web site
• A multiplexer combines multiple inputs into one output.

Job positions

• A Data Entry Encoder may enter data from phone surveys in a coded format into a database.
• A Data Entry Encoder may enter payment amounts from legal tender documents from financial institutions into a database.
• A Manual Encoder may manually scan code tags on baggage that were missed by an automated system.

Security

• A device or person that encodes or encrypts military messages, such as the ADFGVX Cipher in WWI or the Enigma device in WWII.
• A Microchip hopping encoder integrated circuit for non-fixed-code secured entry.

Medical encoding software

• EncoderPro searches ICD-9-CM, CPT and HCPCS Level II medical codes, to increase accuracy and allow ease of auditing for compliance.

Transducers

Transducers for encoding position or orientation:

• A rotary encoder converts rotary position to an analog (e.g., analog quadrature) or digital (e.g., digital quadrature, 32-bit parallel, or USB) electronic signal.
• A linear encoder similarly converts linear position to an electronic signal.

Telecommunications

• A device used to change a signal (such as a bitstream) or data into a code.

Encoder circuits

• A simple encoder assigns a binary code to an active input line.
• Priority encoders establish the priority of competing inputs (such as interrupt requests) by outputing a binary code representing the highest-priority active input.

See also

• Decoder
• Codec
• Endec
• Line code
• Modulation
• Redundancy in databases
• Television encoding: NTSC, PAL and SECAM

External links

Look up encoder in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

• Encoding data to an ID Card: Using a Magnetic Stripe Encoder
• Absolute Encoder Using Gray Code - Absolute encoding for rotating shaft, with a comprehensive discussion of gray code.
• asic-world's Digital Combinational Logic (part III) - an overview of encoders in circuitry.