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The answer to questions such as this hinges on a definition. What is vestigial?

Experts disagree about whether some organs are vestigial, so it is not possible to answer the question as asked without listing the candidates and deciding whether each is vestigial.

Perhaps the best example is the appendix. While some consider it to be vestigial, i.e. to be a reflection of our evolutionary past but to have no current function, others consider it to be an important reservoir for friendly bacteria that aid in digestion.

Another example is nipples in males. While they are not essential to the survival of the species, their stimulation appears to trigger the release of hormones that are important in pair bonding.

Having said that, here's a list of candidates. You count them, and you decide which ones are vestigial.

Nictitating membrane (third eyelid)

Wisdom teeth

Subclavius muscle

Male nipples

Appendix

Plantaris muscle

Vomeronasal organ

Palmaris muscle

Erector pili

Body hair

Pyramidalis muscle

Epoophoron (aka parovarium)

This answer is:
Related answers

The answer to questions such as this hinges on a definition. What is vestigial?

Experts disagree about whether some organs are vestigial, so it is not possible to answer the question as asked without listing the candidates and deciding whether each is vestigial.

Perhaps the best example is the appendix. While some consider it to be vestigial, i.e. to be a reflection of our evolutionary past but to have no current function, others consider it to be an important reservoir for friendly bacteria that aid in digestion.

Another example is nipples in males. While they are not essential to the survival of the species, their stimulation appears to trigger the release of hormones that are important in pair bonding.

Having said that, here's a list of candidates. You count them, and you decide which ones are vestigial.

Nictitating membrane (third eyelid)

Wisdom teeth

Subclavius muscle

Male nipples

Appendix

Plantaris muscle

Vomeronasal organ

Palmaris muscle

Erector pili

Body hair

Pyramidalis muscle

Epoophoron (aka parovarium)

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