- The scientific study of music, especially traditional or non-Western music, as an aspect of culture.
- The comparative study of music of different cultures.
ethnomusicologist eth'no·mu'si·col'o·gist n.
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A branch of Musicology in which emphasis is given to the study of music in its cultural context; the anthropology of music. It had its origins during the late 19th century in Europe and the USA with the work of Carl Stumpf, Erich M. von Hornbostel, Curt Sachs, Alexander J. Ellis, Jesse Walter Fewkes, Franz Boas and others. Early studies dealt largely with the psychology of music, the reconstruction of world music history, the distribution of musical styles and instruments and, in the USA, with the analysis of American Indian music. Modern research combines anthropological techniques of fieldwork and ethnography with a variety of humanistic approaches, especially from musicology and aesthetics.
For more information on ethnomusicology, visit Britannica.com.
The study of varioustypes of music in relation to their geographic, racial, and cultural context.
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Ethnomusicology, formerly comparative musicology, is cultural musicology or the study of music in its cultural context. Formed from the Greek words ethnos (nation) and mousike (music), it can be considered the anthropology or ethnography of music. Jeff Todd Titon has called it the study of "people making music". It is often thought of as a study of non-Western musics, but can include the study of Western music from an anthropological perspective. Bruno Nettl (1983) believes it is a product of Western thinking, proclaiming "ethnomusicology as western culture knows it is actually a western phenomenon." [1]
While musicology contends to be purely about music itself, ethnomusicologists are more often interested in considering the music they study within a wider cultural context. Ethnomusicology as it emerged in the late 19th century and early 20th century, practiced by people such as Béla Bartók, Zoltán Kodály, Constantin Brǎiloiu, Vinko Zganec, Franjo Ksaver, Carl Stumpf, Erich von Hornbostel, Curt Sachs and Alexander J. Ellis, tended to focus on non-European music of an oral tradition, but in more recent years the field has expanded to embrace all musical styles from all parts of the world.
Ethnomusicologists apply theories and methods from cultural anthropology as well as other disciplines in the social sciences and humanities. Some ethnomusicological works are created not necessarily by 'ethnomusicologists' proper, but instead by anthropologists examining music as an aspect of a culture. A well-known example of such work is Colin Turnbull's study of the Mbuti pygmies. Another example is Jaime de Angulo, a linguist who ended up learning much about the music of the Indians of Northern California.[2] Yet another is Anthony Seeger, professor at the University of California, Los Angeles, who studied the music and society of the Suya people in Mato Grosso, Brazil.[3]
Important centers for ethnomusicological study are Indiana
University which was the first University in the Unites States to formally teach the subject, the Universities of California at Los
Angeles, which was the first to feature an active performance program, and
With regard to African music, Paul Berliner, Andrew Tracey, Kofi Agawu, Michelle Kisliuk, Veit Erlmann, Gregory Barz, Carol Muller, and Hugh Tracey are well known, the latter being the founder of the International Library of African Music.
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