The countries and regions of eastern and southeast Asia, especially China, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, and Mongolia.
FarEastern Far' East'ern adj.
Far East
Dictionary:
Far East (fär)  |
| 5min Related Video: Far East |
| Photography Encyclopedia: Far East |
Far East (1870-9), illustrated journal launched on 30 May 1870 in Yokohama by the Australian John Reddie Black. Altogether, it published nearly 1, 000 photographs of China and Japan. Each issue included six albumen prints, either illustrating the copy or accompanied by a short informative note. Themes were mostly Japanese until 1876, when Black moved to Shanghai and the balance reversed. Credited photographers include Moser (‘our artist’) in Japan, or Saunders, Fisler, Kung Tai, Child, and Edwards in China. Black himself certainly produced many of the anonymous images, and Japanese and Chinese artists also contributed. The journal terminated with the January 1879 issue and Black died shortly afterwards.
A complete run exists at Harvard Widener Library, full Chinese sets at the Bibliothèque Chinoise du Collège de France in Paris and the Peabody Essex Museum in Salem, Massachusetts, and a Japanese set at the British Library.
— Régine Thiriez
| Columbia Encyclopedia: Far East |
Far East, in the most restricted sense, region comprising the countries of E Asia, namely China, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Mongolia, and Taiwan, and the easternmost portion of Russian Siberia (see Russian Far East). In a more extended sense, the term includes the countries of Southeast Asia, including the Philippines, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Myanmar, Brunei, and Indonesia. Historically, it denotes those portions of the Asian continent and archipelagoes farthest from the 19th cent. W European maritime powers.
| Geography: Far East |
Popular expression for the east Asian nations of China, Japan, North Korea and South Korea, Mongolia, and Taiwan.
| Wikipedia: Far East |
For other uses, see Far East (disambiguation).
Far East Countries
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| Chinese name | |||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 遠東 | ||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 远东 | ||||||||||||
| Literal meaning: | Far East | ||||||||||||
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| Filipino name | |||||||||||||
| Tagalog | Silanganan (poetic) Malayong Silangan (literal) |
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| Indonesian name | |||||||||||||
| Indonesian | Timur Jauh | ||||||||||||
| Japanese name | |||||||||||||
| Kanji | 極東 | ||||||||||||
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| Korean name | |||||||||||||
| Hangul | 극동 | ||||||||||||
| Hanja | 極東 | ||||||||||||
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| Malay name | |||||||||||||
| Malay | Timur Jauh | ||||||||||||
| Portuguese name | |||||||||||||
| Portuguese | Extremo Oriente | ||||||||||||
| Russian name | |||||||||||||
| Russian | Дальний Восток | ||||||||||||
| Thai name | |||||||||||||
| Thai | ตะวันออกไกล Tawan-oak klai |
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| Vietnamese name | |||||||||||||
| Quốc ngữ | Viễn Đông | ||||||||||||
| Chữ nôm | 遠東 (Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary) | ||||||||||||
| Hán tự | 遠東 | ||||||||||||
The Far East is a term used in English (with equivalents in various other languages of Europe and Asia, Chinese 遠東 yuǎn dōng literally translating to "far east") mostly equivalent to East Asia (including the Russian Far East) and Southeast Asia,[1] sometimes to the inclusion of South Asia for economic and cultural reasons.[2]
"Far East" came into use in European geopolitical discourse in the 19th century, denoting Eastern Asia as the "farthest" of the three "easts", beyond the Near East and the Middle East. For the same reason, ancient Chinese people called western countries "Tàixī (泰西)" - i.e. anything further west than India.
Contents |
Popularisation
The term Far East was popularized in the English language during the period of the British Empire as a blanket term for lands to the east of British India. Prior to World War I, the Near East referred to relatively nearby lands of the Ottoman Empire, Middle East to northwestern South Asia and Central Asia, and Far East for countries along the western Pacific Ocean and countries along the eastern Indian Ocean. Many European languages have analogous terms, such as the French Extrême-Orient, Spanish Extremo Oriente, Portuguese Extremo Oriente, German Ferner Osten, Italian Estremo Oriente, Polish Daleki Wschód, and Dutch Verre Oosten.
Cultural as well as geographic meaning
Significantly, the term evokes cultural as well as geographic separation; the Far East is not just geographically distant, but also culturally exotic. It never refers, for instance, to the culturally Western nations of Australia and New Zealand, which lie even farther to the east of Europe than East Asia itself. This combination of cultural and geographic subjectivism was well illustrated in 1939 by the Prime Minister of Australia, R. G Menzies. Reflecting upon his country's geopolitical concerns with the onset of war, Menzies commented that:
"The problems of the Pacific are different. What Great Britain calls the Far East is to us the near north."[3]
Far East in its usual sense is comparable to terms such as the Orient, which means East; the Eastern world; or simply the East. South East Asia and the Russian Far East might now be included in the Far East to some extent due to recent Chinese migration to Russia, and the Korean diaspora in Russia.
The term remains in use, alongside more specific terms such as East Asia and Southeast Asia, or Pacific Rim, and it features in the names of many Asian-based commercial enterprises and institutions. Examples include: Far Eastern National University in Vladivostok, Far Eastern University in the City of Manila, South Korean's Far East University, and the Hong Kong-based Far Eastern Economic Review. Furthemore, the United Kingdom and United States of America have historically used Far East for several military units and commands in the region:
Territories and regions conventionally included under the term Far East
Cities
Further information: Cities of East Asia and List of cities in the Far East by population
See also
 |
Look up far east in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
- Sinosphere
- Indosphere
- Four Asian Tigers
- East Asia
- South Asia
- Southeast Asia
- Russian Far East
- Spanish East Indies
- Far Eastern Economic Review
References
- ^ AskOxford: Far East
- ^ The 'Far Eastern Economic Review' for example covers news from India and Sri Lanka.
- ^ Broadcast Speech by Mr R.G. Menzies, Prime Minister
- ^ Continental regions as per UN categorisations (map), except 12. Depending on definitions, various territories cited below (notes 6, 11-13, 15, 17-19, 21-23) may be in one or both of Asia and Europe, Africa, or Oceania.
- ^ The state is commonly known as simply "China", which is subsumed by the eponymous entity and civilisation (China). Figures given are for mainland China only, and do not include Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
- ^ Includes PRC-administered area (Aksai Chin and Trans-Karakoram Tract, both territories claimed by India), Taiwan is not included Tibet and Xinjiang excluded).
- ^ Information listed is for mainland China only. The Special Administrative Regions of the PRC: Hong Kong and Macau are excluded. In addition, the island territories under the control of the Republic of China, which includes the islands of Taiwan, Kinmen, and Matsu are also excluded (Tibet and Xinjiang excluded).
- ^ Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the PRC.
- ^ Macau is a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the PRC.
- ^ Figures are for the area under the de facto control of the Republic of China (ROC) government, commonly referred to as Taiwan. Claimed in whole by the PRC; see political status of Taiwan.
- ^ East Timor is often considered a transcontinental country in Southeastern Asia and Oceania.
- ^ Indonesia is often considered a transcontinental country in Southeastern Asia and Oceania; figures do not include Irian Jaya and Maluku Islands, frequently reckoned in Oceania (Melanesia/Australasia).
- ^ The administrative capital of Myanmar was officially moved from Yangon (Rangoon) to a militarised greenfield just west of Pyinmana on 6 November 2005.
- ^ Russia is generally considered a transcontinental country in Eastern Europe (UN region) and Northern Asia; population and area figures are for Asian portion only.
- ^ a b Only includes the area of Far Eastern Federal District.
- Whitaker, Brian (2004) "From Turkey to Tibet," The Guardian, February 23, 2004
Bibliography
- Ankerl, Guy (2000) Coexisting Contemporary Civilizations: Arabo-Muslim, Bharati, Chinese, and Western. Geneva: INU Press ISBN 2-88155-004-5
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 | Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2007. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Photography Encyclopedia. The Oxford Companion to the Photograph. Copyright © 2005 by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Geography. The New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition Edited by E.D. Hirsch, Jr., Joseph F. Kett, and James Trefil. Copyright © 2002 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin. All rights reserved. Read more |
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Mentioned in
- FEAF
- godown
- East Asia (region of Asia coextensive with the Far East)
- Oriental Revival
- cassia
- bund (civil engineering)
- Arsenyev
- Nakhodka (city, Russia)
- Mouth organ (music)
- orientalis
- Cruising QE2 to the Orient (Travel Film)
- Rand McNally Video Traveller: Exotic Far East (1991 Travel Film)
- Haas, Mary Rosamond (American linguist)
- Polo, Marco (Venetian traveler)
