it is causative agent of fascioliasis is called a liver fluke or also known as a flat worm.

The effects of liver fluke are referred to as fascioliasis, and includeanaemia, weight lossand sub-mandibularoedema. Diarrhea is only an occasional consequence of liver fluke. Liver fluke is diagnosed by yellow-brown eggs in thefeces.

Fasciola is a blood sucking parasite, it sucks 0.5ml blood/fluke/day. During sucking it removes plasma proteins, albumin. This results in fluid balance disturbance. Normally there is a balance between intravascular space and extravascular space. However, when albumin are lost from intravascular space by effect of fasciola, it will become less concentrated where as the fluid content become high. The fluid content become lower in extravascular space or interstitial tissues as compared to intravascular. Therefore, fluid move from intravascularspace to interstitial tissues. Due to gravity oedema occur in the ventral or mandibular area.

There are 7 different species of endoparasites which effect cattle, three of which are found in the Abomasum, four in the small intestine, one in the liver and one in the lungs.

the three in the Abomasum are - Trichostropngylus axei, Ostertagia ostertagi, Haemonchus placei, and the four worms in the Small intestine are Trichostrongylus sp, Cooperia sp, Nematodrirus sp, Moniezia sp. All these species cause Gastro- Enteritis and is commonly known as Stomach worms.

The Endoparasite in the liver is called Fasciola hepatica, this disease is called Fascioliasis, and is commonly called liver fluke

The final worm which is found in the Lung is called Dictyocaulus viviparus, the disease is called lung worm also commonly known as Husk or Whoos

Ankylostomiasis caused by hookworms, two nematodes in humans, Anccylostoma duodenalis and Necator americanus. The infected human release in the feces the eggs to the ground, the egg grows to lavae and matures, this larvae is the infectious stage to humans and have the hability to penetrate human skin and access bloodstream. In bloodstream they migrate through lungs and then to the small intestine where they evolve to adults, reproduce and release eggs. The adult also suck blood from the small intestine wall causing the disease.

Strongyloidiasis caused by a nematode called Strongyloides stercoralis. They have a similar biological cycle to the hookworms but they release larvae in feces and the adult lives in tunnels in the mucosa of the small intestine. There´s also posibility of autoinfection from larvae released in the small intestine. The disease may be asymptomatic at first but in immunocompromised individuals strongyloidiasis can cause a hyperinfective syndrome which is severe, inmunosupressive drugs are associated with this.

Trichuriasis caused by Trichuris trichiura or human whipworm: The human gets infected through accidental ingestion of eggs found in the earth and can contamine water and food. The egg evolves, first in the small as larvae and then in the large intestine to adult where they reproduce and release the eggs through feces.

Trichinosis, caused by a nematode Trichinella spiralis. Human gets infected by eating pig flesh containing larvae in muslce tissue. In the intestine, larvae evolve to adult which live in the mucosa and release larvae.

Fascioliasis caused by Fasciola hepatica, a trematode. The human gets infected by ingesting vegetables that grow in water where the larvae stick on these vegetables. The larvae ultimately reach the liver and grows to adult causing symptoms.