field

(fēld)

1. 1. A broad, level, open expanse of land.
   2. A meadow: a field of buttercups.
   3. A cultivated expanse of land, especially one devoted to a particular crop: a field of corn.
   4. A portion of land or a geologic formation containing a specified natural resource.
   5. A wide unbroken expanse, as of ice.
2. 1. A battleground.
   2. A battle.
   3. The scene or an area of military operations or maneuvers.
   4. A military area away from headquarters.
3. 1. A background area, as on a flag, painting, or coin: a blue insignia on a field of red.
   2. Heraldry. The background of a shield or one of the divisions of the background.
4. Sports.
   1. An area in which an athletic event takes place, especially the area inside or near to a running track, where field events are held.
   2. The portion of a playing field having specific dimensions on which the action of a game takes place.
   3. All the contestants or participants in an event, especially all the contestants except the favorite or the winner in a contest of more than two.
   4. The members of a team engaged in active play.
   5. The body of riders following a pack of hounds in hunting.
5. 1. An area of human activity or interest: several fields of endeavor.
   2. A topic, subject, or area of academic interest or specialization.
   3. Profession, employment, or business.
   4. An area or setting of practical activity or application outside an office, school, factory, or laboratory: biologists working in the field; a product tested in the field.
   5. An area or region where business activities are conducted: sales representatives in the field.
6. Mathematics. A set of elements having two operations, designated addition and multiplication, satisfying the conditions that multiplication is distributive over addition, that the set is a group under addition, and that the elements with the exception of the additive identity form a group under multiplication.
7. Physics. A region of space characterized by a physical property, such as gravitational or electromagnetic force or fluid pressure, having a determinable value at every point in the region.
8. The usually circular area in which the image is rendered by the lens system of an optical instrument. Also called field of view.
9. Computer Science.
   1. A defined area of a storage medium, such as a set of bit locations or a set of adjacent columns on a punch card, used to record a type of information consistently.
   2. An element of a database record in which one piece of information is stored.
   3. An interface element in a GUI that accepts the input of text.

1. Growing, cultivated, or living in fields or open land.
2. Made, used, or carried on in the field: field operations.
3. Working, operating, or active in the field: field representatives of a firm.

1. Sports.
   1. To retrieve (a ball) and perform the required maneuver, especially in baseball.
   2. To place in the field to play: field a team.
2. To respond to: fielded tough questions from the press.
3. 1. To place in competition.
   2. To put into action: field an army of campaign workers.
4. Computer Science. To enter (data) into a field.

take the field

1. To begin or resume activity, as in military operations or in a sport.

[Middle English, from Old English feld.]

SYNONYMS   field, bailiwick, domain, province, realm, sphere, territory. These nouns denote an area of activity, thought, study, or interest: the field of comparative literature; considers marketing to be her bailiwick; the domain of physics; the province of politics; the realm of constitutional law; a task within his assistant's sphere; the territory of historical research.

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Data processing: part of a computer file record consisting of a set of continuous characters that represent a piece of information, such as a name field or an address field. See also fixed field; variable field.

Marketing: geographic area in which a product or service is sold. Consumer research done via personal interviews with consumers is accomplished by sending interviewers into the field.

noun

A sphere of activity, experience, study, or interest: area, arena, bailiwick, circle, department, domain, orbit, province, realm, scene, subject, terrain, territory, world. Slang bag. See territory.

Idioms beginning with field:
field day

In addition to the idiom beginning with field, also see cover the field; far afield; out in left field; play the field; take the field.

Definition: catch
Antonyms: throw

n. an area on which a battle is fought: a field of battle.

deploy (an army): the small gulf sheikdoms fielded 11, 500 troops with the Saudis.

adj. (of equipment) light and mobile for use on campaign: field artillery.

in the field on campaign; (while) engaged in combat or maneuvers:

keep the field archaic continue a military campaign.

take the field start a military campaign.

See the Introduction, Abbreviations and Pronunciation for further details.

In Geographic Information Systems, a group of one or more characters incorporating map information.

1. The central portion of a panel that is thicker than its edges, so that it projects above the surrounding frame or wall surfaces.
2. That portion of the upper part of a wall between the cornice and dado or between the frieze and dado.

A central concept of physical theory. A field is defined by the distribution of a physical quantity, such as temperature, mass density, or potential energy, at different points in space. In the particularly important example of force fields, such as gravitational, electrical, and magnetic fields, the field value at a point is the force which a test particle would experience if it were located at that point. The philosophical problem is whether a force field is to be thought of as purely potential, so the presence of a field merely describes the propensity of masses to move relative to each other, or whether it should be thought of in terms of the physically real modifications of a medium whose properties result in such powers. That is, are force fields purely potential, fully characterized by dispositional statements or conditionals, or are they categorical or actual? The former option seems to require faith in ungrounded dispositions, or regions of space that differ only in what happens if an object is placed there. The lawlike shape of these dispositions, apparent for example in the curved lines of force of the magnetic field, may then seem quite inexplicable. To atomists such as Newton it would represent a return to Aristotelian entelechies, or quasi-psychological affinities between things, which are responsible for their motions (see mover, unmoved). The latter option requires understanding how forces of attraction and repulsion can be ‘grounded’ in the properties of the medium.

The basic idea of a field is arguably present in Leibniz, who was certainly hostile to Newtonian atomism, although his equal hostility to action at a distance muddies the waters. It is usually credited to Boscovich and Kant, both of whom influenced the scientist Faraday, with whose work the physical notion became established. In his paper ‘On the Physical Character of the Lines of Magnetic Force’ (1852), Faraday suggests several criteria for assessing the physical reality of lines of force, such as whether they are affected by an intervening material medium, whether they take time to propagate, and how the motion depends on the nature of what is placed at the receiving end. As far as electromagnetic fields go, Faraday himself inclined to the view that the mathematical similarity between heat flow, currents, and electro-magnetic lines of force was evidence for the physical reality of the intervening medium.

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The meaning of a field in a dream depends on the other elements in the dream and the dream's general atmosphere. Thus, a wild field might represent nature and the freedom of running through a field. A cultivated field might represent new growth or a harvest. A barren field can be a powerful symbol of lack as well emotional barrenness. A completely different set of associations comes to mind with respect to playing fields.

1. a region of space in which a force is exerted on an object because of its charge (electric field), magnetic dipole (magnetic field), mass (gravitational field), or other attribute.
2. a region of space through which (ionizing) radiation is passing.
3. or field of view the area within which an object is observable with a microscope or other optical instrument.

1. an area or open space, such as an operative field or visual field.
2. a range of specialization in knowledge, study or occupation.
3. in embryology, the developing region within a range of modifying factors.

• auditory f. — the space or range within which stimuli will be perceived as sound.
• f. beans — see phaseolus.
• f. experiments — experiments conducted on large groups of animals in conditions thought to be average for the particular type of commercial operation.
• f. fever — leptospirosis.
• f. fungi — fungi that attack plants that grow in the field. See also storage fungi.
• high-power f. — the area of a slide visible under the high magnification system of a microscope.
• individuation f. — a region in which an organizer influences adjacent tissue to become a part of a total embryo.
• low-power f. — the area of a slide visible under the low magnification system of a microscope.
• morphogenetic f. — an embryonic region out of which definite structures normally develop.
• f. nettle — see stachys arvensis.
• f. pea — pisum sativum.
• f. penny-cress — see thlaspi arvense.
• f. poppy — see papaver rhoeas.
• sequential f. trial — a trial to which additional segments are added as results are obtained in original segments, e.g. concentrating efforts on aspects of the work which appear to be promising.
• f. trial — see field experiments (above).
• visual f. — the area within which stimuli will produce the sensation of sight with the eye in a straight-ahead position.

An area, region, or space.

• Plains and Marshes - field: open land, usu. without many trees
• Principles of Mechanics, Waves, and Measurement - field: region of space containing lines of force with direction and strength; force that acts through space and time, as opposed to particle existing at one fixed point in space and time
• Electricity and Electronics - field: region of space containing lines of force with direction and strength
• General Technology - field: unit of data forming part of a record in structured database
• Memory and Data Storage - field: sector of memory designated for specific kind of information
• War Machinery and War Zones - field: area of active operations or combat, usu. away from command headquarters
• Farming and Crops - field: cleared area of land used for pasture or growing
• Curricula, Studies, Learning, and Tests - field: area of study or specialty
• General Sports Terminology
• Baseball - field: (vb) to make a play on a batted or thrown ball
• Baseball - field: the playing area from home plate extending, within the foul lines, to the outfield walls; the surface area in the infield and outfield consists of grass or artificial turf; also, refers to players in their defensive roles (a player is in the field)
• Basketball
• Dimensions and Directions - field: region covered by a feature or through which a force acts

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (May 2008)

The magnitude of an electric field surrounding two equally charged (repelling) particles. Brighter areas have a greater magnitude. The direction of the field is not visible.

Oppositely charged (attracting) particles.

In physics, a field is a physical quantity associated with each point of spacetime.^[1] A field can be classified as a scalar field, a vector field, a spinor field, or a tensor field according to whether the value of the field at each point is a scalar, a vector, a spinor (e.g., a Dirac electron) or, more generally, a tensor, respectively. For example, the Newtonian gravitational field is a vector field: specifying its value at a point in spacetime requires three numbers, the components of the gravitational field vector at that point. Moreover, within each category (scalar, vector, tensor), a field can be either a classical field or a quantum field, depending on whether it is characterized by numbers or quantum operators respectively.

A field may be thought of as extending throughout the whole of space. In practice, the strength of every known field has been found to diminish to the point of being undetectable. For instance, in Newton's theory of gravity, the gravitational field strength is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the gravitating object. Therefore the Earth's gravitational field quickly becomes undetectable (on cosmic scales).

Defining the field as "numbers in space" shouldn't detract from the idea that it has physical reality. “It occupies space. It contains energy. Its presence eliminates a true vacuum.”^[2] The vacuum is free of matter, but not free of field. The field creates a "condition in space"^[3] so that when we put a particle in it, it feels a force.

If an electrical charge is moved, the effects on another charge do not appear instantaneously. The first charge feels a reaction force, picking up momentum, but the second charge feels nothing until the influence, traveling at the speed of light, reaches it and gives it the momentum. Where is the momentum before the second charge moves? By the law of conservation of momentum it must be somewhere. Physicists have found it of "great utility for the analysis of forces"^[3] to think of it as being in the field.

This utility leads to physicists believing that electromagnetic fields actually exist, making the field concept a supporting paradigm of the entire edifice of modern physics. That said, John Wheeler and Richard Feynman have entertained Newton's pre-field concept of action at a distance (although they put it on the back burner because of the ongoing utility of the field concept for research in general relativity and quantum electrodynamics).

"The fact that the electromagnetic field can possess momentum and energy makes it very real... a particle makes a field, and a field acts on another particle, and the field has such familiar properties as energy content and momentum, just as particles can have".^[3]

Contents 1 Field theory 1.1 Classical fields 1.2 Quantum fields 1.3 Continuous random fields 2 Symmetries of fields 2.1 Spacetime symmetries 2.2 Internal symmetries 3 Static field 3.1 Propagation of static field effects 4 See also 5 Notes 6 References 7 External links

Field theory

Field theory usually refers to a construction of the dynamics of a field, i.e. a specification of how a field changes with time or with respect to other components of the field. Usually this is done by writing a Lagrangian or a Hamiltonian of the field, and treating it as the classical mechanics (or quantum mechanics) of a system with an infinite number of degrees of freedom. The resulting field theories are referred to as classical or quantum field theories.

In modern physics, the most often studied fields are those that model the four fundamental forces which one day may lead to the Unified Field Theory.

Classical fields

Main article: Classical field theory

There are several examples of classical fields. The dynamics of a classical field are usually specified by the Lagrangian density in terms of the field components; the dynamics can be obtained by using the action principle.

Michael Faraday first realized the importance of a field as a physical object, during his investigations into magnetism. He realized that electric and magnetic fields are not only fields of force which dictate the motion of particles, but also have an independent physical reality because they carry energy.

These ideas eventually led to the creation, by James Clerk Maxwell, of the first unified field theory in physics with the introduction of equations for the electromagnetic field. The modern version of these equations are called Maxwell's equations. At the end of the 19th century, the electromagnetic field was understood as a collection of two vector fields in space. Nowadays, one recognizes this as a single antisymmetric 2nd-rank tensor field in spacetime.

Einstein's theory of gravity, called general relativity, is another example of a field theory. Here the principal field is the metric tensor, a symmetric 2nd-rank tensor field in spacetime.

In a general setting, classical fields are described by sections of fiber bundles and their dynamics is formulated in the terms of jet manifolds (covariant classical field theory).^[4]

In BRST theory one deals with odd fields, e.g. ghosts. There are different descriptions of odd classical fields both on graded manifolds and supermanifolds.

Quantum fields

Main article: Quantum field theory

It is now believed that quantum mechanics should underlie all physical phenomena, so that a classical field theory should, at least in principle, permit a recasting in quantum mechanical terms; success yields the corresponding quantum field theory. For example, quantizing classical electrodynamics gives quantum electrodynamics. Quantum electrodynamics is arguably the most successful scientific theory; experimental data confirm its predictions to a higher precision (to more significant digits) than any other theory.^[5] The two other fundamental quantum field theories are quantum chromodynamics and the electroweak theory. These three quantum field theories can all be derived as special cases of the so-called standard model of particle physics. General relativity, the classical field theory of gravity, has yet to be successfully quantized.

Classical field theories remain useful wherever quantum properties do not arise, and can be active areas of research. Elasticity of materials, fluid dynamics and Maxwell's equations are cases in point.

Continuous random fields

Classical fields as above, such as the electromagnetic field, are usually infinitely differentiable functions, but they are in any case almost always twice differentiable. In contrast, generalized functions are not continuous. When dealing carefully with classical fields at finite temperature, the mathematical methods of continuous random fields have to be used, because a thermally fluctuating classical field is nowhere differentiable. Random fields are indexed sets of random variables; a continuous random field is a random field that has a set of functions as its index set. In particular, it is often mathematically convenient to take a continuous random field to have a Schwartz space of functions as its index set, in which case the continuous random field is a tempered distribution.

As a (very) rough way to think about continuous random fields, we can think of it as an ordinary function that is almost everywhere, but when we take a weighted average of all the infinities over any finite region, we get a finite result. The infinities are not well-defined; but the finite values can be associated with the functions used as the weight functions to get the finite values, and that can be well-defined. We can define a continuous random field well enough as a linear map from a space of functions into the real numbers.

Symmetries of fields

Main article: Symmetry in physics

A convenient way of classifying a field (classical or quantum) is by the symmetries it possesses. Physical symmetries are usually of two types:

Spacetime symmetries

Main article: Spacetime symmetries

Fields are often classified by their behaviour under transformations of spacetime. The terms used in this classification are —

• scalar fields (such as temperature) whose values are given by a single variable at each point of space. This value does not change under transformations of space.
• vector fields (such as the magnitude and direction of the force at each point in a magnetic field) which are specified by attaching a vector to each point of space. The components of this vector transform between themselves as usual under rotations in space.
• tensor fields, (such as the stress tensor of a crystal) specified by a tensor at each point of space. The components of the tensor transform between themselves as usual under rotations in space.
• spinor fields are useful in quantum field theory.

Internal symmetries

Main article: Gauge symmetry

Fields may have internal symmetries in addition to spacetime symmetries. For example, in many situations one needs fields which are a list of space-time scalars: (φ₁,φ₂...φ_N). For example, in weather prediction these may be temperature, pressure, humidity, etc. In particle physics, the color symmetry of the interaction of quarks is an example of an internal symmetry of the strong interaction, as is the isospin or flavour symmetry.

If there is a symmetry of the problem, not involving spacetime, under which these components transform into each other, then this set of symmetries is called an internal symmetry. One may also make a classification of the charges of the fields under internal symmetries.

Static field

Static field is the field which is independent of time variable.

Propagation of static field effects

Main articles: Speed of gravity, Aberration of light, Liénard–Wiechert potential, near and far field, and virtual particle

Since there is no "retardation" (or aberration) of the apparent position of the source of a gravitational or electric static field when the source moves with constant velocity, the static field "effect" may seem at first glance to be "transmitted" faster than the speed of light. A static field always points to the instantaneous direction of the source as if it continued with the same relative velocity of source and emitter at a previous time calculated by their distance from each other, divided by c. Thus, static fields from objects moving with constant velocity are always kept "up to date" at great distances from the source with no "signal delay"-- an effect which is permitted by the fact that a change to the reference frame of the source must still give the correct direction of the field as seen by the observer. ^[6] However, no information is transmitted (propagated) from source to receiver/observer by a static field, even if the true and instantaneous correct direction to the source is maintained at constant relative velocity. The reason is that the direction of the field toward the true position of the emitter at all distances, with no speed-of-light delay, is not maintained in any other circumstances than constant-velocity source motion. If the source of the field does accelerate from its constant velocity, then its static field at a distance still behaves for a time, as though the source had continued with its former constant-velocity (this is now incorrect, as the direction of the field farther way from this distance now point in the wrong direction, and not exactly at present instantaneous position of the source). The correct "update" in the static field due to a source-acceleration, moves outward from the source only at the speed of light. Unlike the static field, such waves are capable of carrying information, but they carry it only at the speed of light.^[7]

For example, the direction of the static gravitation field from the Sun points almost exactly at the Sun's current position, and is not corrected by the 8.3 minutes of travel time that light takes between Earth and Sun. There is thus no almost no aberration for static gravity, which may be mistaken for the idea that the gravitational influence moves faster than light. Light from the Sun, as a wave, does show annual solar aberration, and the optical image of the Sun, as seen in Earth telescopes, shows the position of the Sun as it was in the sky, 8.3 minutes before. Thus, the direction of the Sun's pull on the Earth and direction of sunlight, are from slightly different directions.^[8][9]

Electromagnetic fields may have some mixed component of static field, depending on the ratio of electric field E to magnetic field B. When this ratio is not the same as the ratio characteristic of electromagnetic waves propagating in free space far from the source, then the electromagnetic field has some static component. The difference between these components in antenna theory is discussed in the difference between the near and far field of the antenna. The reactive (closest part) of the near-field of antennas is heavily influenced by static electric fields from charges in the antenna, and also the magnetic induction effect of currents in the antenna. Both of these effects die away with distance, leaving a radiative electromagnetic field of the kind associated with classical electromagnetic radiation.

In quantum mechanics, static fields are transmitted by virtual particles, which may have speeds that exceed c.^{[citation needed]} When physicist Richard Feynman was once asked by a questioner how gravity could escape the event horizon of a black hole, he replied simply that a static gravitational field would be carried by virtual gravitons, which have no trouble traveling faster than light.^{[citation needed]} More mundanely, static electric field effects show the same lack of light speed limitations, and electric fields would also "escape" the influence of a black hole. Thus, black holes may be electrically charged.

See also

• Elasticity
• Electromagnetic field
• Fluid dynamics
• Gauge theory
• General relativity
• Maxwell's equations
• Particle physics
• Quantum field theory
• Covariant classical field theory
• Standard model
• Symmetry in physics
• Scalar field theory

Notes

1. ^ John Gribbin (1998). Q is for Quantum: Particle Physics from A to Z. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. 138. ISBN 0297817523. 
2. ^ John Archibald Wheeler (1998). Geons, Black Holes, and Quantum Foam: A Life in Physics.. London: Norton. p. 163. 
3. ^ ^{a b c} Richard P. Feynman (1963). Feynman's Lectures on Physics, Volume 1.. Caltech. pp. 2–4. 
4. ^ Giachetta, G., Mangiarotti, L., Sardanashvily, G. (2009) Advanced Classical Field Theory. Singapore: World Scientific, ISBN 9789812838957 (arXiv: 0811.0331v2)
5. ^ Peskin & Schroeder 1995, p. 198. Also see precision tests of QED.
6. ^ See Baylis lecture. A general property of the static part of the Liénard-Wiechert field is that it points to the inertial image of the charge-- the position it would have had at constant velocity in moving since the retarded time, and thus the action position it DOES have, if it DOES move at constant velocity. Quote: "Part of the field is just the Coulomb field boosted from rest to the velocity of the charge at the retarded time. The electric part of the boosted Coulomb field of a positive charge always points away from the inertial image of the charge, that is the instantaneous position the charge would have if it continued with the velocity it had at the retarded time. For a charge moving at constant velocity, the inertial image is the actual position of the charge, there is no radiation, and the flux lines of the electric field are straight and pass through the instantaneous position of the charge."
7. ^ Aberration of Forces and Waves. Notes on the aberration of waves (and lack of aberration of static fields)
8. ^ Persson's paper. Lack of any expected aberration of the Sun's gravitational field due to velocity of Earth.
9. ^ This is the classic Carlip paper on calculation for expected aberration in the static gravity field due to Earth's motion. It is too small to be expected, though aberration of light from the Sun is easily detected. Arxiv:gr-qc/9909087

References

• Landau, Lev D. and Lifshitz, Evgeny M. (1971). Classical Theory of Fields (3rd ed.). London: Pergamon. ISBN 0-08-016019-0. Vol. 2 of the Course of Theoretical Physics.
• Peskin, Michael E.; Schroeder, Daniel V. (1995). An Introduction to Quantum Fields. Westview Press. ISBN 0-201-50397-2 .

External links

• Particle and Polymer Field Theories

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Common misspelling(s) of fields

• fiels

Dansk (Danish)
n. - felt
v. tr. - stoppe og returnere en bold, give rappe svar på, apportere
v. intr. - spille i marken, være markspiller
adj. - mark-, ager-, felt-

idioms:

• field day    stor dag
• field event    spring- og kastekonkurrencer
• field glasses    feltkikkert
• field marshal    feltmarskal
• field mouse    skovmus, markmus
• field of vision    synsfelt
• field sport    friluftsidrætter
• field trial    markprøve, markforsøg
• field trip    ekskursion
• in the field    i marken
• lead the field    føre feltet an

Nederlands (Dutch)
veld, vliegveld, slagveld, de praktijk, campagne, gevecht, loop, gebied, terrein, vlak, deelnemers in een sportactiviteit, krachtveld, weefsel, ondergrond, veld-, een bal doorspelen (honkbal), behandelen, (onvoorbereid) beantwoorden, op het veld brengen, verdedigende speler zijn in honkbal

Français (French)
n. - (Agric, Géog, gén) champ, (Sport) terrain, concurrent, partant, chasseur (à courre), domaine (de connaissance), (Ling) champ (sémantique), terrain (environnement), (Mil) champ de bataille, (Comput, Math, Phys) champ, (Art) champ, (Aviat) terrain (d'aviation)
v. tr. - réunir, (Mil) démonter (arme à feu), (Pol) présenter (un candidat), (Sport) attraper (une balle) (cricket), faire jouer (une équipe)
v. intr. - (Sport) être joueur de champ (cricket)
adj. - sur le terrain, auprès de la clientèle, des champs (travailleurs)

idioms:

• field day    (École, Univ), journée éducative, (US) journée sportive, (Mil) journée de man¯uvres, s'en donner à c¯ur joie
• field event    épreuve sportive
• field glasses    jumelles
• field marshal    (Mil) maréchal
• field mouse    (Zool) mulot
• field of vision    champ de vision
• field sport    sport de plein air
• field trial    essai sur le terrain
• field trip    sortie éducative
• in the field    dans le domaine
• lead the field    (Sport) mener le peloton, (fig) faire autorité
• take the field    se mettre en campagne

Deutsch (German)
n. - Feld, Acker, Wiese, Fachgebiet, Fläche
v. - auffangen und zurückwerfen, aufstellen, abfertigen
adj. - Feld-, Front-, Feld(sport)

idioms:

• field day    Felddienstübung, ereignisreicher Tag
• field event    (Sport) technische Disziplin
• field glasses    Feldstecher
• field marshal    Feldmarschall
• field mouse    Feldmaus
• field of vision    Blickfeld
• field sport    Sport im Freien
• field trial    Versuch in der Praxis
• field trip    Ausflug
• in the field    auf dem Feld, an der Front
• lead the field    das Feld anführen
• take the field    in den Kampf ziehen, das Spielfeld betreten

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - αγρός, χωράφι, λιβάδι, κάμπος, πεδίο, γήπεδο, τομέας, περιοχή, σφαίρα (αρμοδιότητας κ.λπ.), ύπαιθρος, (πολιτικός κ.λπ.) στίβος, (Η/Υ) πεδίο βάσης δεδομένων
v. - παρατάσσω (για/σε μάχη κ.λπ.), (αθλοπ.) αποκρούω

idioms:

• field day    ημέρα (μεγάλων) γυμνασίων ή αγώνων, ημερήσια επιστημονική εκδρομή, μεγάλη ή σημαντική μέρα
• field event    άθλημα στίβου (εκτός δρόμου)
• field glasses    κιάλια
• field marshal    (στρατ.) στρατάρχης
• field mouse    (ζωολ.) αρουραίος
• field of vision    οπτικό πεδίο
• field sport    άθλημα (εκτός δρόμου), υπαίθριο άθλημα
• field trial    (καθομ.) υπαίθρια επίδειξη ικανοτήτων σκύλων
• field trip    εκπαιδευτική εκδρομή ή επίσκεψη
• in the field    στο πεδίο, στον αγώνα, μεταξύ των αγωνιζομένων
• lead the field    (αθλητ.) είμαι επικεφαλής (σε αγώνα δρόμου)
• play the field    παίζω σ' όλα τα ταμπλό, τα έχω καλά με όλους

Italiano (Italian)
campo, dominio, campo di battaglia, prato, ramo

idioms:

• field day    giornata campale
• field event    gara di atletica
• field glasses    binocolo
• field marshal    feldmaresciallo
• field mouse    arvicola
• field of vision    campo visivo
• field sport    caccia e pesca
• field trial    tribunale sommario
• field trip    gita
• in the field    in campo
• lead the field    essere all'avanguardia nel campo

Português (Portuguese)
n. - campo (m)
v. - pôr em campo, agarrar a bola que foi arremessada (beisebol), responder de forma inteligente

idioms:

• field day    dia (m) de estudos ou diversão ao ar livre, dia de glória (coloq.)
• field event    esportes (m pl) atléticos
• field glasses    binóculos (m pl)
• field marshal    marechal-de-campo (m) (Mil.)
• field mouse    rato (m) silvestre
• field of vision    campo (m) de visão
• field sport    esportes (m pl) campestres
• field trial    teste (m) de campo
• field trip    viagem (f) de estudos
• in the field    no local
• lead the field    estar na frente

Русский (Russian)
поле, луг, участок, прииски, область, полевой игрок

idioms:

• field day    счастливый день, смаковать
• field event    спортивные состязания, легкоатлетический вид спорта
• field glasses    бинокль
• field marshal    фельдмаршал
• field mouse    полевая мышь
• field of vision    поле зрения, зона видимости
• field sport    охота, рыбная ловля, стрельба
• field trial    эксплуатационный тест, испытания в полевых условиях
• field trip    экскурсия, научная командировка
• in the field    в походе, в полевых условиях
• lead the field    быть первым

Español (Spanish)
n. - campo, terreno, esfera, ramo, campo de batalla, césped, especialidad, terreno profesional, campo magnético
v. tr. - parar y devolver (la pelota)
v. intr. - jugar situado en el campo para interceder la pelota
adj. - campal, campestre, silvestre

idioms:

• field day    día de maniobras, día de ejercicios, día en el campo, competencia de atletismo
• field event    prueba/espectáculo de atletismo
• field glasses    gemelos de campaña
• field marshal    mariscal de campo
• field mouse    ratón campesino
• field of vision    campo visual
• field sport    deportes al aire libre, esp. caza y pesca
• field trial    prueba de campo, evaluación de un nuevo producto, etc. en las verdaderas condiciones en las que deberá ser utilizado
• field trip    viaje de estudios
• in the field    en campaña, sobre el terreno
• lead the field    ser el mejor
• take the field    entrar al campo de juego para iniciar el partido

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - område, fält (fys.), slagfält, plats (sport), fält (Herald., Konst), fält (i databas)
v. - stoppa och skicka tillbaka (cricket), ställa upp ett lag (sport), sätta in (mil.), ta bollen (cricket o baseboll)

中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
领域, 场地, 田地, 使上场, 担任场外队员, 田间的, 野外的, 野生的

idioms:

• field day    野外实习日, 体育比赛日, 户外集会
• field event    田赛项目
• field glasses    双筒望眼镜
• field marshal    陆军元帅
• field mouse    田鼠
• field of vision    视野, 视界
• field sport    野外运动, 田赛项目
• field trial    现场追猎试验
• field trip    实地考察旅行, 社会调查
• in the field    在作战, 参加比赛
• lead the field    处于领先地位

中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 領域, 場地, 田地
v. tr. - 使上場
v. intr. - 擔任場外隊員
adj. - 田間的, 野外的, 野生的

idioms:

• field day    野外實習日, 體育比賽日, 戶外集會
• field event    田賽項目
• field glasses    雙筒望眼鏡
• field marshal    陸軍元帥
• field mouse    田鼠
• field of vision    視野, 視界
• field sport    野外運動, 田賽項目
• field trial    現場追獵試驗
• field trip    實地考察旅行, 社會調查
• in the field    在作戰, 參加比賽
• lead the field    處於領先地位

한국어 (Korean)
n. - 들판, 경기장, 범위, (컴퓨터의) 데이터베이스
v. tr. - (공을) 치다, (팀 대항으로) 시합 시키다
v. intr. - 수비하다
adj. - 들의, 야외의, 야생의

idioms:

• in the field    현역으로, 현지에, 현장에

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - 畑, 牧草地, 野原, 一面, 場所, 競技場, 戦場, 分野, 場, 埋蔵地, 産地, 範囲
v. - さばく, 守備につく, 出場させる, 守る

idioms:

• field day    野外演習日, 野外研究日
• field event    フィールド競技
• field glasses    双眼鏡
• field hockey    フィールドホッケー
• field marshal    陸軍元帥
• field mouse    野ネズミ
• field of vision    視野
• field sport    野外スポーツ
• field trial    野外実地試用, 実地試験
• field trip    見学旅行, 野外研究調査旅行
• in the field    出征中で, 競技に参加して
• potter's field    共同墓地, 無縁墓地

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) حقل , مجال (فعل) يضع في داخل حقل أو مجال‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮שדה, מגרש, שטח, תחום, משתתפים בתחרות, נתון ברשומה (מחשבים), רקע של תמונה, דגל וכו', שדה קרב, שחקן שדה, מרחב‬
v. tr. - ‮בחר שחקנים, פרס (צבא), הציע מועמד, טיפל בשורת שאלות וכו', קלט כדור‬
v. intr. - ‮שיחק על המגרש‬
adj. - ‮של שדה, קרבי, של השטח, של שדה (ענף ספורט שאינו על המסלול)‬

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