In Southern Chinese folklore, the Five Elders (Chinese: 五祖; pinyin: wǔ zǔ; Yale Cantonese: ng5 jou2) are survivors of the destruction of the Shaolin Monastery by the Qing Dynasty (1644–1912).
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The Kung Fu Five Elders
(~1647?) Within many martial arts circles, the Five Elders are said to be
| Chinese | Pinyin Mandarin | Pinyin Cantonese | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gee Sin | 至善禪師 | Zhì Shàn Chán Shī | Ji Sin Sim Si | Also transliterated as Jee Sin Sim See, literally, Chan (Zen) teacher" |
| Ng Mui | 五梅大師 | Wǔ Méi Dà Shī | Ng Mui Dai Si | Noted as founder of Ng Mui Kuen, Wing Chun Kuen, Dragon style, White Crane, and Five-Pattern Hung Kuen'' |
| Bak Mei | 白眉道人 | Bái Méi Dào Rén | Bak Mei Dou Yan | Also transliterated as Pak Mei, literally "White Eyebrowed Taoist" |
| Fung To-Tak | 馮道德 | Féng Dàodé | Fung Dou Dak | Taoist |
| Miu Hin | 苗顯 | Miáo Xiǎn | Miu Hin | an "unshaved" (lay) Shaolin disciple |
The Triad Five Elders
(~1760) The Tiandihui/Hongmen claim that their society was born of an alliance between Ming loyalists and five survivors from the destruction of the Shaolin Temple by the Qing government; forged at the Honghua Ting (Red Flower Pavilion), where they swore to devote themselves to "fan Qing fu Ming" (反清復明 - "Fan Ching Fuk Ming", "overthrow the Qing and restore the Ming").
The five survivors from the Shaolin temple are called the Triad Five Elders and they are:
- Choi Tak-Chung (蔡德忠)
- Fong Tai-Hung (方大洪)
- Ma Chiu-Hing (馬超興)
- Wu Tak-Tai (胡德帝)
- Lee Sik-Hoi (李式開)
The Five Family Elders
Sometimes the founders of the five major family styles of Southern Chinese martial arts, all students of Gee Sin, are also called the Five Elders.
| Chinese | Pinyin Mandarin | Pinyin Cantonese | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hung Hei-Koon | 洪熙官 | Hóng Xīguān | Hung Hei Gun | founder of Hung Gar |
| Lau Sam-Ngan | 劉三眼 | Liú Sānyǎn | Lau Sam Ngan | literally "Three Eyed Lau;" founder of Lau Gar |
| Choi Kau-Yee | 蔡九儀 | Cài Jiǔyí | Choy Gau Yi | founder of Choi Gar |
| Lee Yau-San | 李友山 | Lǐ Yǒushān | Li Yau San | founder of Lei Gar; teacher of Choi Lei Fut founder Chan Heung |
| Mok Ching-Kiu | 莫清矯 | Mò Qīngjiǎo | Mok Ching Giu | founder of Mok Gar |
See also
References
- "Hungmun – The Secret Rebellion Societies, also known as The Triads."
- Chu, Robert; Ritchie, Rene; & Wu, Y. (1998). Complete Wing Chun: The Definitive Guide to Wing Chun's History and Traditions. Boston: Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 0-8048-3141-6.
- Rene Ritchie, Robert Chu and Hendrik Santo. "Wing Chun Kuen and the Secret Societies". http://www.wingchunkuen.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=10. Retrieved August 14 2005.
External links
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